（全國卷）2019屆高考英語一輪復習 Unit 4 Pygmalion課時作業(yè) 新人教版選修8

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1、 Unit 4 Pygmalion Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Do Peru's potatoes have the right stuff? That's the question scientists will be asking in Lima next month, when a selection of potatoes will begin undergoing tests to determine whether they are fit to grow on Mars. NASA, the US space agency, is conducting the pioneeri

2、ng experiment together with Lima's International Potato Center. They will cultivate a hundred selected varieties in Mars-like conditions that could eventually pave the way for building a dome on the Red Planet for farming the vegetable. Of the selected candidates,40 are native to the Andes Mountain

3、s, conditioned to grow in different ecological zones, can stand sudden climate changes and reproduce in rocky areas. The other 60 are improved varieties, able to survive with little water and salt. They are also immune to viruses.Those that pass the tests must meet a final criterion—they must be abl

4、e not only to grow well on Mars but also reproduce in large quantities. “We're almost 100 percent certain that many of the selected potatoes will pass the tests，” said Julio Valdivia Silva, a Peruvian NASA astrobiologist (太空生物學家)who is taking part in the ambitious project. The scientists plan to tra

5、nsport 100 kilos of soil to a lab in Lima that will simulate the complex Martian atmosphere—which contains mostly carbon dioxide—and expose it to extreme ultraviolet(紫外線的) radiation. If the varieties selected for next month's experiment don't adapt to the desert soil, the researchers will introduce

6、nutrients, which will be provided by radiation. In future years, NASA plans to build a Mars research center in the Peruvian desert. It would create a perfect copy of the Martian landscape and atmosphere for future research into space farming that could serve manned missions to Mars and other planet

7、s in the solar system. [語篇解讀]　本文為一篇新聞報道。美國國家航空航天局(NASA)將與國際馬鈴薯研究中心聯(lián)手，進行一項開創(chuàng)性實驗。 1．What is the best title of the passage? A．Transport potatoes to Peru B．Determine the varieties of potatoes in Peru C．NASA is to build a Mars research center in Peru D．NASA is to simulate growing potatoes on Mars i

8、n Peru 解析：標題歸納題。通讀文章可知美國國家航空航天局(NASA)計劃與國際馬鈴薯研究中心聯(lián)手，進行一項開創(chuàng)性實驗，即在秘魯培育可在火星上種植的土豆。故答案為D項。 答案：D 2．According to the third paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Forty kinds of potatoes can survive with little water and salt. B．Many types of potatoes to be planted on Mars are develop

9、ed in Peru. C．Sixty varieties native to the Andes Mountains can stand sudden climate changes. D．The final criterion is that all the candidates are immune to viruses on the earth. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“They will cultivate a hundred selected varieties in Mars-like conditions that could eventually pave

10、the way for building a dome on the Red Planet for farming the vegetable.”可知B項正確。根據(jù)第三段中的“The other 60 are improved varieties，able to survive with little water and salt.”可排除A項；根據(jù)第三段中的“Of the selected candidates,40 are native to the Andes Mountains，conditioned to grow in different ecological zones，can

11、stand sudden climate changes and reproduce in rocky areas.”可排除C項；根據(jù)第三段中的“Those that pass the tests must meet a final criterion—they must be able not only to grow well on Mars but also reproduce in large quantities.”可排除D項。 答案：B 3．What if the selected varieties don't adapt to the desert soil in Peru

12、? A．Astrobiologists will be sent there to help. B．Nutrients will be provided to plants by radiation. C．A Mars research center will be built for further study. D．100 more kilos of potatoes will be directly sent to Lima. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“If the varieties selected for next month's experiment don

13、't adapt to the desert soil，the researchers will introduce nutrients，which will be provided by radiation.”可知答案為B項。 答案：B 4．The passage may be in the column of China Daily. A．science　　　　 B．sports C．tourism D．entertainment 解析：推理判斷題。本文介紹的是美國國家航空航天局(NASA)將與國際馬鈴薯研究中心聯(lián)手，進行一項開創(chuàng)性實驗，屬于科普類文章，故答案為

14、A項。 答案：A B Some people call it a traveling museum. Others refer to it as a living or open-air museum. Built in Brazil to honor Columbus' first voyage to the New World, the Nina, a Columbus-era replica (復制品) ship, provides visitors with an accurate visual of the size and sailing equipment

15、 of Columbus' favorite ship from over 500 years ago. I joined the crew of the Nina in Gulf Shores, Alabama, in February 2013. As part of a research project sponsored by my university, my goal was to document my days aboard the ship in a blog. I quickly realized that I gained the most valuable insi

16、ghts when I observed or gave tours to school-age children.The field-trip tour of the Nina is hands-on learning at its best.In this setting, students could touch the line, pass around a ballast stone (壓艙石), and move the extremely large tiller that controlled the direction of the ships in Columbus' da

17、ys. They soon came to understand the labor involved in sailing the ship back in his time.I was pleased to see the students become active participants in their learning process. The Nina is not the only traveling museum that provides such field trips. A visit to Jamestown Settlement, for example，all

18、ows visitors to board three recreations of the ships that brought the first settlers from England to Virginia in the early 1600s.Historical guides, dressed in period costumes, give tours of the Susan Constant, Godspeed, and Discovery. These guides often portray a character that would have lived and

19、worked during that time period. Students touring these ships are encouraged to interact with the guides in order to better understand the daily life in the past. My experience on the Nina helps testify (證實) my long-held belief that students stay interested, ask better questions, and engage(參與)in h

20、igher-order thinking tasks when they are actively engaged in the learning process.The students who boarded the Nina came as passive learners. They left as bold explorers. [語篇解讀]　本文介紹了哥倫布航海時的航船的復制品Nina，它是一個開放的博物館。學生參觀這一特殊的博物館可以積極主動參與學習。 5．What occupation is the author engaged in? A．Shipping. B．Ed

21、ucation. C．Ecological tourism. D．Museum administration. 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第三句“I quickly realized that I gained the most valuable insights when I observed or gave tours to school-age children.”可知，作者在給學齡兒童介紹有關(guān)航船復制品Nina的歷史知識；據(jù)此可以判斷，作者從事的是教育行業(yè)，故B項正確。 答案：B 6．Which of the following is true about the Nin

22、a introduced in the passage? A．She is a replica of a ship that Columbus built in Brazil. B．She is always crowded with foreign tourists during holidays. C．She is the boat Columbus sailed in his voyage to the New World. D．She displays what Columbus' ship was like and how it operated. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第

23、一段最后一句中的“provides visitors with an accurate visual of the size and sailing equipment of Columbus' favorite ship”可知，Nina為人們提供了哥倫布的航船的原貌；根據(jù)第二段的“In this setting，students could touch the line，pass around a ballast stone(壓艙石)，and move the extremely large tiller that controlled the direction of the ships

24、in Columbus' days.”可知，Nina還提供了如何操作該航船的方法，故D項正確。 答案：D 7．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．Guidelines for visitors on the ships. B．Life of the first settlers in Jamestown Settlement. C．Duties of the guides in the British museums. D．Introduction to another museum similar to the Nina. 解

25、析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段的“The Nina is not the only traveling museum...A visit to Jamestown Settlement，for example，allows visitors to board three recreations of the ships that brought the first settlers”可知，第三段主要介紹了另一個與Nina類似的航行博物館，故D項正確。 答案：D 8．What does the author mean by the last two sentences of the passag

26、e? A．The students are interested in becoming tour guides. B．The experience has changed the students' learning attitude. C．The students become brave and are ready to sail the seas on their own. D．The museums are successful in teaching the students survival skills at sea. 解析：句義猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后兩句可知，登上了哥

27、倫布航船復制品Nina的學生由被支學習變成了知識的勇敢探索者。據(jù)此可以判斷，最后兩句意在說明，這種游覽改變了學生的學習態(tài)度，故B項正確。 答案：B Ⅱ.完形填空 There was once a widow who had two daughters. The 1 widow loved the elder who was like herself both in looks and personality, but didn't love the other, who resembled her 2 ， although she was pretty and friend

28、ly. The younger daughter had to 3 hard all day and live upon the leftovers of her elder sister. Among her other 4 jobs, she was forced to carry water every day 5 . One day 6 she had just filled her pot at the fountain，an old trembling woman asked her for a drink of water. Glad to sho

29、w a kindness to the old woman，she 7 . Now, all of a sudden, there was no old trembling woman but a(n) 8 who rewarded good deeds before her. “Your face is pretty 9 your heart is gentle，” said she.“For your kindness, I will make you a gift. Every time you speak, from your mouth shall come a

30、 flower or a jewel.” When the girl reached home，her ill mother 10 her for her long absence. “Pardon me for being away so long，”she replied. As she spoke some pearls and diamonds dropped from her 11 . “What is this I see, child？” asked the 12 widow. The poor girl was so happy to be 1

31、3 child by her mother that she eagerly told her mother about her 14 with the old woman at the fountain. The widow immediately 15 her favorite daughter to do as the 16 girl had done. When the impatient girl was filling the pot with water at the 17 ，a beautiful lady appeared and 18

32、 a drink of water from the girl. “I have not come here to serve you，” she 19 replied. The lady, who was the fairy, said，“I will make you a gift to 20 your rudeness. Every time you speak, from your mouth shall come a snake or a toad (蟾蜍)．” [語篇解讀]　本文主要講述了兩個性格和外表不同的姐妹對給予他人幫助的不同反應(yīng)及她們得到的相應(yīng)的結(jié)

33、果，彰顯了善有善報的道理。 1．A.good-tempered　　 B．bad-tempered C．kind D．beautiful 解析：根據(jù)下文中的“her ill mother”并結(jié)合下文她訓斥小女兒可推知，她脾氣不好。 答案：B 2．A.daughter B．teacher C．mother D．father 解析：根據(jù)語境中的轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處與“herself”形成對比。小女兒不像她而是像父親。 答案：D 3．A.complain B．play C．work D．study 解析：根據(jù)下文中的“Among her other 4 jobs，she w

34、as forced to carry water every day 5 .”并結(jié)合“l(fā)ive upon the leftovers of her elder sister”可推知，小女兒每天要做許多工作，靠吃姐姐的剩飯菜生活。 答案：C 4．A.easy B．hard C．interesting D．boring 解析：根據(jù)上文中的“The younger daughter had to 3 hard all day”可推知，小女兒的工作都很辛苦，很累人。 答案：B 5．A.within reach B．with ease C．without hesitat

35、ion D．from a great distance 解析：根據(jù)本段的整體內(nèi)容可知，小女兒過得很艱難。由“she was forced to carry water every day”可推知，小女兒還得每天從很遠的地方挑水，這與其艱難的生活境況呼應(yīng)。 答案：D 6．A.when B．while C．once D．before 解析：此處應(yīng)用when引導定語從句，在從句中作時間狀語，修飾先行詞One day。 答案：A 7．A.hesitated B．a(chǎn)greed C．left D．a(chǎn)rgued 解析：根據(jù)空前的“Glad to show a kindness to t

36、he old woman”可推知，小女兒答應(yīng)了老婦人的請求。 答案：B 8．A.boy B．old woman C．old man D．fairy 解析：根據(jù)下文的“The lady，who was the fairy”可推知，老婦人是仙女變過來的。 答案：D 9．A.although B．but C．while D．a(chǎn)nd 解析：根據(jù)語境可知，空處前后句表示邏輯上的并列關(guān)系，故選D。 答案：D 10．A.scolded B．praised C．thanked D．forgave 解析：與“her ill mother”和“her long absence”呼應(yīng)并

37、結(jié)合下文小女兒的道歉可知，此處表示小女兒受到母親的訓斥。 答案：A 11．A.waist B．hair C．lips D．hands 解析：根據(jù)上文中的“Every time you speak，from your mouth shall come a flower or a jewel.”可知，小女兒以后說話會口吐花兒或者寶石，故選C。lip“嘴唇”，符合語境。 答案：C 12．A.amused B．interested C．a(chǎn)stonished D．frightened 解析：小女兒突然口吐珍珠和寶石，她的母親自然很吃驚。astonished“吃驚的”。 答案：C

38、13．A.awarded B．called C．showed D．taught 解析：根據(jù)上文中的“What is this I see，child”可推知，寡婦很震驚，對小女兒的態(tài)度突然轉(zhuǎn)變，柔和了很多，稱她為“孩子”。 答案：B 14．A.difficulty B．thought C．experiment D．experience 解析：小女兒迫切地將自己遇到仙女的經(jīng)歷告訴了母親。experience“經(jīng)歷”。 答案：D 15．A.advised B．got C．forced D．invited 解析：get sb.to do sth.意為“讓某人做某事”，符合語

39、境。 答案：B 16．A.slim B．tall C．elder D．poor 解析：與上文中的“The poor girl”呼應(yīng)可推知，這里指可憐的小女兒。 答案：D 17．A.river B．pool C．fountain D．well 解析：與上文中的“One day 6 she had just filled her pot at the fountain”呼應(yīng)可推知，大女兒也來到噴泉那里。 答案：C 18．A.asked for B．a(chǎn)sked of C．a(chǎn)sked about D．a(chǎn)sked after 解析：與上文中的“an old trem

40、bling woman asked her for a drink of water”呼應(yīng)可推知，一個漂亮的女士向大女兒討水喝。 答案：A 19．A.rudely B．jokingly C．proudly D．hurriedly 解析：與下文中的“your rudeness”呼應(yīng)可推知，當時大女兒舉止很粗魯，與上文的“the impatient girl”呼應(yīng)，故選A。 答案：A 20．A.deserve B．face C．equal D．repay 解析：結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示仙女要送給大女兒一份與她的粗魯相匹配的禮物。equal“比得上”。 答案：C Ⅲ.短文改錯

41、 The American TV show The Voice is one of my most favorite amusement shows. In the one hand, I can listen to different styles of music. On the other hand, I can see the singers' stories, who are so inspiring. I was so impressed by a musical boy who was from the country. If he was very young, he

42、loved to sing while doing the farm work. After work, he learned to play guitar. He liked living on the farm, for the life was simple. The boy brought his guitar to the stage, worn a fashionable hat which made him seem so mysteriously. When the boy sing a song with his guitar, all the judge were asto

43、nished by his talent. As a result, he won the game but finally became famous throughout the country. 答案： The American TV show The Voice is one of my favorite amusement shows. the one hand, I can listen to different styles of music. On the other hand, I can see the singers' stories, are so ins

44、piring. I was so impressed by a musical boy who was from the country. he was very young, he loved to sing while doing the farm work. After work, he learned to play guitar. He liked living on the farm, for the life was simple. The boy brought his guitar to the stage, a fashionable hat which made him seem so . When the boy a song with his guitar, all the were astonished by his talent. As a result, he won the game finally became famous throughout the country. 9