（新課標(biāo)）2020屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 語法基礎(chǔ) 考點(diǎn)六 動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)（含解析）

《（新課標(biāo)）2020屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 語法基礎(chǔ) 考點(diǎn)六 動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)（含解析）》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（新課標(biāo)）2020屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 語法基礎(chǔ) 考點(diǎn)六 動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)（含解析）（15頁珍藏版）》請?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、考點(diǎn)六　動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) 限時(shí)25分鐘 一、單句語法填空 1．As is known to all, the sun ________ (rise) in the east and ________ (set) in the west day after day． 答案：rises; sets　句意：眾所周知，太陽東升西落，日復(fù)一日。表示客觀事實(shí)、客觀規(guī)律要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 2．Tom ________ (cry) again and again and we can't bear him anymore． 答案：is crying　句意：Tom一直在哭泣，我們再也忍受不了他。進(jìn)

2、行時(shí)與某些副詞連用可表示說話人的一種強(qiáng)烈的感情，如厭惡、欣賞、欽佩等。 3．It has been three years since we ________ (come) here． 答案：came　句意：自從我們來到這兒已經(jīng)三年了。since＋含有一般過去時(shí)的句子/表過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，主句或句子常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 4．By the time he was nine, Tom ________ (master) a foreign language． 答案：had mastered　句意：到九歲時(shí)，湯姆已經(jīng)精通了一門外語。by the time表示“到……的時(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，如果

3、從句用一般過去時(shí)，主句要用過去完成時(shí)。 5．It is the first time that I ________ (go) abroad． 答案：have gone　句意：這是我第一次出國?！癟hat/This/It is the first/second/third ．．．time (that) ．．．”句型中，從句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 6．More than one customer ________ (express) their dissatisfaction with the service of the restaurant so far． 答案：has expressed

4、　句意：到目前為止，不止一個(gè)顧客表達(dá)了他們對那家餐廳服務(wù)的不滿。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“so far”可知，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；“more than one ＋單數(shù)名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 7．Put your finger into the water． If it ________ (feel) too hot, pour some cold water in it． 答案：feels　句意：把你的手指放進(jìn)水里。如果水太熱，就往里面倒一些冷水。感官動詞feel不使用被動語態(tài)，用主動語態(tài)表示被動意義。此處描述一般事實(shí)，故句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 8．Look at the timetabl

5、e． Hurry up! Flight 9031 to Changsha ________ (take) off at 7：30． 答案：takes　事物名詞作主語時(shí)，表示按時(shí)間表計(jì)劃發(fā)生的動作，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。 9．—Did you meet David at the meeting yesterday? —Yes． When I arrived, he ________ (leave)． 答案：was leaving　句意：——昨天開會時(shí)你遇到戴維了嗎？——是的，我到那兒時(shí)，他正準(zhǔn)備離開。根據(jù)句意可知，這里應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去即將發(fā)生的動作，故答案為was leaving

6、。 10．Jim ________ (watch) a late-night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank． 答案：was watching　“be doing ．．． when ．．．”是固定句式，意為“正在做某事，(這時(shí))突然……”；再結(jié)合went blank可知，主句應(yīng)使用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故填was watching。 11．By now 516 Confucius Institutes ________ (found) in 142 coun

7、tries and regions, according to the Confucius Institute Headquarters． 答案：have been founded　句意：根據(jù)孔子學(xué)院總部的統(tǒng)計(jì)，到現(xiàn)在為止，全世界142個(gè)國家和地區(qū)已經(jīng)建立了516所孔子學(xué)院。主語“516 Confucius Institutes”和“found”之間是被動關(guān)系，該句應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。且“By now”作時(shí)間狀語，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填have been founded。 12．He must have sensed that I ________ (look) at him． He sud

8、denly glanced at me and said quietly, “Why are you staring at me like that？” 答案：was looking　句意：他一定是覺察到了我正在看著他。他突然瞥了我一眼，輕聲說：“你為什么那樣盯著我看？”根據(jù)句意及glanced at和said可知，句子應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 13．Usually Beijing Roast Duck ________ (serve) together with special pancakes, green onions and sweet sauce． 答案：is served　句意：通常

9、北京烤鴨配上特制的薄煎餅、青蔥和甜醬。說的是一般情況，所以句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；由句意可知，此處用被動語態(tài)，主語是Beijing Roast Duck，為第三人稱單數(shù)。故填is served。 14．—Bob, how is your project? I heard you started it last Friday, right? —Oh, I ________ (prepare) for it． But I haven't decided when to do it． 答案：have been preparing　句意：——Bob，你的項(xiàng)目怎么樣了？我聽說你上周五就開始了，是嗎？——

10、哦！我一直在做準(zhǔn)備，但還沒有決定好什么時(shí)候開始做。根據(jù)答語的最后一句及問話中的“started it last Friday”可知，“我”一直在做準(zhǔn)備，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填have been preparing。 15．Never throughout history has a man who ________ (live) a life of ease left a name worth remembering． 答案：lived　句意：歷史上從來沒有人過著安逸的生活而留名青史。此處在敘述過去發(fā)生的動作，故用一般過去時(shí)。 16．Face the problem bravel

11、y and you ________ (find) a new way to success． 答案：will find　句意：勇敢地面對這個(gè)問題，你將會發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)通向成功的新方法。“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，陳述句常用一般將來時(shí)。 17．Various efforts ________ (make) in the past decades to protect the environment． 答案：have been made　句意：在過去的幾十年里，為保護(hù)環(huán)境人們做出了各種努力。根據(jù)“in the past decades”可知，句子用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；efforts是句子

12、的主語，為復(fù)數(shù)形式，和謂語動詞make之間是被動關(guān)系，所以此處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。 18．The guidance teacher was their adviser, offering them suggestions and solutions when they ________ (encounter) difficulties． 答案：encountered　句意：指導(dǎo)老師是他們的導(dǎo)師，當(dāng)他們遇到困難時(shí)，給他們提供建議和解決方案。由was可知用一般過去時(shí)，且encounter是及物動詞，故填encountered。 19．I think Ana ________ (finis

13、h) her packing since she started getting things ready early this morning． 答案：has finished　句意：安娜自從大清早就開始準(zhǔn)備，我想她現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)收拾好了行李。此處since表示“自從”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，由句意可知主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 20．You'll recognize me when you get out of the station． I ________ (wear) jeans and a white T-shirt． 答案：will be wearing　句意：你出站的時(shí)候，就會認(rèn)出我來，我

14、將穿一條牛仔褲和一件白T恤衫。由句意可知wear表示的動作發(fā)生在將來某一刻，故填will be wearing。 21．After college, he was employed in teaching in a middle school and ________ (work) there ever since． 答案：has worked　句意：大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，他在一所中學(xué)教書，從那以后就一直在那里工作。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語“ever since(自從，從那時(shí)到現(xiàn)在)”可知，本句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 22．I had intended to take you to the football

15、match this morning, but I couldn't spare any time, I ________ (write) a report． 答案：was writing　句意：今天早上我本打算帶你去看足球賽的，但我抽不出任何時(shí)間，我在寫一份報(bào)告。根據(jù)“I had intended to take you to the football match this morning, but I couldn't spare any time”可知，此處指那個(gè)時(shí)間“我”正在寫一份報(bào)告，故用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 23．They say at the end of your life, yo

16、u regret the stuff you didn't do more than the stuff that you ________ (do)． 答案：did　句意：他們說，在生命即將結(jié)束時(shí)，相對于做過的事，你會更加后悔那些沒有做過的事。根據(jù)后面的比較級找到并列結(jié)構(gòu)，即可判斷使用did。 24．I ________ (make) up my mind what I was going to say in the seminar, but it was cancelled． 答案：had made　句意：我已經(jīng)決定了在研討會上要說什么，但是，研討會被取消了?！癿ake up one

17、's mind”這個(gè)行為發(fā)生在研討會被取消之前，根據(jù)“it was cancelled”可知，研討會被取消是過去的事情，故該句應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。 25．Just an hour ago he told me on the phone that he ________ (come) home right after his work． 答案：would come　句意：就在一個(gè)小時(shí)前，他在電話里告訴我，他下班后馬上回家。根據(jù)句意可知，一小時(shí)前他說下班后回家，表示從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)看將要發(fā)生的動作，要用過去將來時(shí)。 二、單句改錯 1．How time flies! We will be g

18、raduated this June! ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：be graduated→graduate　graduate “畢業(yè)”，是不及物動詞，不能用被動語態(tài)。 2．We give Mom a warm welcome when she arrives here． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：We后加will　主句使用一般將來時(shí)

19、，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。 3．We brought about 1,000 books and 5, 000 yuan to the school, which donated by the teachers and students in our school． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：which后加were　先行詞which指代主句中的1,000 books和5,000 yuan，與donate之間為被動關(guān)系，故使用被動語態(tài)。 4．Never

20、theless, my later experience proves that practicing calligraphy was both necessary and beneficial． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：proves→proved　根據(jù)后面的was可知，發(fā)生在過去的事情，故將proves改為proved。 5．After we seated at the table, she suddenly felt a pain in her stoma

21、ch． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：we后加were　句意：我們坐在桌子旁后，她突然感到胃疼。句中we和seat之間存在被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，根據(jù)后面的felt可知，從句用一般過去時(shí)。 6．Successful people imagine what their life should be like and sets lots of goals． _______________________________________________________

22、_________________ 答案：sets→set　set與前面的imagine屬于并列謂語，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且本句的主語是people，故將sets改為set。 7．It is no wonder that you have made such great progress in your Chinese study because you had always been working hard． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：had→have　結(jié)合

23、前面的“have made such great progress”可知，你已經(jīng)取得了巨大的進(jìn)步，說明你一直在努力地學(xué)習(xí)，并且有可能繼續(xù)努力學(xué)習(xí)，故使用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 8．My cell phone doesn't work． It is repaired at the shop． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：repaired前加being　此處表示手機(jī)正在商店里(被)修理，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài)，故用is being repaired。 9．It is th

24、e sixth time that our government raised loan interest rates on purpose to cool housing prices． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：raised前加has　句意：這是我們的政府第六次有意提高貸款利率來遏制房價(jià)。在固定句型“It is ＋序數(shù)詞＋time that ．．．”中，that后的從句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 10．Fools will learn nothing from wise

25、 men, but wise men learn much from fools． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉will　題干中所敘述的是客觀真理，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 11．By the time he realizes he walked into a trap, it'll be too late for him to do anything about it． ________________________________________________

26、________________________ 答案：walked前加has　句意：在他意識到自己已經(jīng)走進(jìn)圈套時(shí)，對他來說，已無能為力了。根據(jù)句意可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 12．Neither the old lady nor her cats stepped out of the house since her husband passed away last month． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：stepped前加have　句意：自從上個(gè)月那個(gè)老婦人的丈夫去世

27、后，她和她的貓就沒有出過屋子。根據(jù)就近原則，本句謂語動詞應(yīng)與her cats保持一致，用復(fù)數(shù)形式；由后面的since從句可知，主句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 13．I call the station and they tell me the next train to Dalian will leave at 3：10． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：will leave→leaves　事物名詞作主語且表示按時(shí)間表規(guī)定將要發(fā)生的動作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。 14．Stored

28、 goods have a fixed price, but how to measure the discount hasn't decided yet． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：decided前加been　主語how to measure the discount與動詞decide之間為被動關(guān)系，且由yet可知，此處指截止到說話時(shí)間為止的動作，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。 15．How can I make sure my feet aren't smelt,

29、 Dr Li? ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：aren't smelt→don't smell　smell “有難聞的氣味”，是不及物動詞，無被動語態(tài)。 動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(一) ?？嫉母鞣N時(shí)態(tài)的主動和被動語態(tài)(以do為例) 時(shí)態(tài)種類 主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) do/does is/am/are done 一般過去時(shí) did was/were done 一般將來時(shí) will/shall do will/shall be done

30、 過去將來時(shí) would do would be done 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) is/am/are doing is/am/are being done 續(xù)表 時(shí)態(tài)種類 主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) was/were doing was/were being done 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) has/have done has/have been done 過去完成時(shí) had done had been done 一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 1．表示習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作或經(jīng)常存在的狀態(tài)。 2．表示客觀真理和客觀存在及自然現(xiàn)象。 3．表示按時(shí)間表、計(jì)劃、規(guī)定發(fā)生的動作。

31、 4．在時(shí)間、條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來的動作。 I usually have my hair cut once a month． The earth moves around the sun． The train leaves at 2：30 this afternoon． You will succeed if you try your best． 二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 1．表示說話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。 2．某些短暫性動詞，如：come, go, start, arrive, return, begin, leave等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)

32、生的動作。 3．某些動詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示逐漸地發(fā)生變化的過程。 My friend is_waiting_for me outside now． He is_leaving_for Beijing next week． She is_losing her eyesight． 三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 1．表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，常用recently, lately, ever, never, once, before, yet, just, so far, since then, up to now, in the last/past few days/years等作狀語。

33、 2．“This/That/It is＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋that ．．．”句式中，that后的從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 This_is the second time that I have_visited the university． 四、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 表示開始于過去某個(gè)時(shí)間、一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在而且還會繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去的動作，它具備“未完成性、感情色彩”等特點(diǎn)。 I am very tired． I have_been_painting the house all the afternoon． 五、一般過去時(shí) 表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，或過去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)反復(fù)發(fā)生的動

34、作，常用yesterday, last year, in 1995, the other day等作時(shí)間狀語。 He came to work here two weeks ago． —Your telephone number again? I didn't quite catch it． —It's 12345876． 六、過去完成時(shí) 1．表示在過去某一時(shí)間或過去某一動作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)完成的動作，即“過去的過去”。 By the end of last term, we had_learned 2,000 words． He had_left before I go

35、t home． 2．hope, expect, think, intend, want, suppose等用于過去完成時(shí)，表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖，意為“原本……”。 We had_expected that you would be able to win the match． 3．“It/This/That was＋the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋that ．．．”句式中，that引導(dǎo)的從句用過去完成時(shí)。 It_was the second time that she had_visited London． 4．“hardly/scarcely ．．． when ．．．”和“no

36、sooner ．．． than ．．．”結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用過去完成時(shí)。 Hardly had the game started when it started to rain． 限時(shí)25分鐘 一、單句語法填空 1．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it ________ (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming． 答案：is　根據(jù)空白處前面的“can't

37、 make”和“says”可知，此處講述的是客觀事實(shí)，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填is。 2．(2019·成都市高中畢業(yè)班摸底)I went home, opened the door and ________ (walk) into the dark house． 答案：walked　由前面的“went”“opened”可知，此處用動詞的過去式。 3．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal ________ (mean) me no real harm． He was just saying：“I

38、'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder！” 答案：meant　結(jié)合后面的“was just saying”可知，謂語動詞用過去式。 4．(2018·北京高考)China's high-speed railways ________ (grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years． 答案：have grown　句意：在過去的幾年里，中國高鐵的里程已經(jīng)從9,000公里上升到25,000公里了。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“in the past few years”可知，本句

39、使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 5．(2019·廣東中山一中高三統(tǒng)測)The news came as no surprise to me． I ________ (know) for some time that the factory was going to shut down． 答案：had known　句意：這個(gè)消息對我來說一點(diǎn)都不驚訝。對于這個(gè)工廠將要倒閉，我已經(jīng)知道一段時(shí)間了。根據(jù)句意可知，設(shè)空處所填動詞表示的動作發(fā)生在was going to shut down之前，故該句使用過去完成時(shí)。 6．(2018·北京高考)—Hi, I'm Peter． Are you new here?

40、I haven't seen you around． —Hello, Peter． I'm Bob． I just ________ (start) on Monday． 答案：started　句意：——你好，我是彼得。你是新來的嗎？我沒有見過你。——您好，彼得。我是鮑勃。我周一剛剛來的。分析語境，此處說話人談?wù)撨^去的事情，即周一才開始的，有具體的過去時(shí)間，所以謂語動詞用一般過去時(shí)。 7．(2018·北京高考)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ (trap) in the mountains f

41、or two days． 答案：had been trapped　句意：一個(gè)救援者冒著生命危險(xiǎn)拯救了兩個(gè)已經(jīng)被困在大山里兩天的游客。分析句子，主句的謂語risked是一般過去時(shí)，trap “困”應(yīng)該是發(fā)生在risked之前的動作，故使用過去完成時(shí)；同時(shí)這些游客是被困在大山里，故使用被動語態(tài)。 8．(2018·天津高考)My washing machine ________ (repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand． 答案：is being repaired　句意：這周我的洗衣機(jī)正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根據(jù)后句

42、“so I have to wash my clothes by hand”可知，洗衣機(jī)正在修，且washing machine與repair之間為被動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。 9．(2018·江蘇高考)I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan ________ (carry) out in the past two years． 答案：had been carried　句意：上個(gè)月我被派到村里去看看在過去的兩年里發(fā)展計(jì)劃是如何被執(zhí)行的。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語“l(fā)ast month”和“in

43、 the past two years”可知用過去完成時(shí)，又因plan與carry out之間為被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)。 10．(2019·陜西省部分學(xué)校第一學(xué)期摸底)Last weekend, I went outdoors and soon ________ (find) a deeper appreciation for this season． 答案：found　根據(jù)last weekend可知本句用一般過去時(shí)。 11．(2017·北京高考)—________ (do) you call that company to see how they think of our prod

44、uct yesterday? —Yes． They are happy with it． 答案：Did　句意：——你昨天給那家公司打電話詢問他們對我們的產(chǎn)品的看法了嗎？——打了，他們很滿意。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語yesterday可知，謂語動詞要用一般過去時(shí)，所以要用助動詞do的過去式did。 12．(2017·天津高考)I ________ (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road． 答案：was driving　句意：我正在開車前往倫敦的路上，這時(shí)突然發(fā)現(xiàn)我走錯路了。根據(jù)句意可知，本句是

45、“be doing ．．． when ．．．”句式結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“正在做……這時(shí)突然……”。根據(jù)從句中謂語動詞found可知，應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 13．(2017·北京高考)People ________ (have) better access to health care than they used to, and they're living longer as a result． 答案：have　句意：相比以前，人們(現(xiàn)在)能得到更好的醫(yī)療保健，因此他們更長壽了。根據(jù)題干中的than they used to可知，這是在比較過去和現(xiàn)在的醫(yī)療狀況，所以設(shè)空處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 14．(2

46、017·江蘇高考)He's been informed that he ________ (not qualify) for the scholarship because of his academic background． 答案：doesn't qualify　句意：他被告知由于他的學(xué)術(shù)背景，他沒有資格獲得獎學(xué)金。根據(jù)語境可知，賓語從句中所陳述的是現(xiàn)在的情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 15．(2017·天津高考)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ________ (regard) as one of the best al

47、l-round forms of exercise． 答案：is regarded　句意：如今，與慢跑和游泳一起，騎自行車被視為最好的、全面的運(yùn)動形式之一。設(shè)空處是句子的謂語動詞，與主語之間是動賓關(guān)系。句子的主語只是cycling，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Nowadays可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 16．(2017·江蘇高考)He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he ________ (follow)． 答案：was being followed　句意：他匆忙往家趕，從未回頭看看是否有人跟著他。由語境可知，he和foll

48、ow之間存在被動關(guān)系，此處表示當(dāng)時(shí)正在被跟蹤，從句中主語為he，故填was being followed。 17．(2017·北京高考)In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones ________ (invent) yet． 答案：hadn't been invented　句意：在20世紀(jì)50年代的美國，大多數(shù)家庭家中只有一部電話，而且無線電話還沒有被發(fā)明出來。設(shè)空處是句子的謂語動詞，與主語之間是動賓關(guān)系，且動作發(fā)生在had之前，表“過去的過去”，故要用過去完成

49、時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。 18．(2016·全國卷Ⅲ)Truly elegant chopsticks might ________ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters． 答案：be made　句意：真正精美的筷子可能是由金和銀制成的，上面帶有中國漢字。make和chopsticks之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，空格前有might，所以用be made。 19．(2016·四川高考)The giant panda ________ (love) by people throughout the world． 答案

50、：is loved　句意：大熊貓被全世界人民所喜愛。主語The giant panda和動詞love之間為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。 20．(2016·浙江高考)Silk ________ (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC． 答案：had become　句意：到大約公元前100年為止，絲綢已經(jīng)成為絲綢之路上交易的主要商品之一?！癰y about 100 BC”是時(shí)間狀語，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)到大約公元前100年為止，所以句子應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。 21．(2019·浙江杭州模

51、擬)Over the years I ________ (teach) kids about a simple but powerful concept—the ant philosophy． 答案：have been teaching　句意：多年來，我一直教給孩子們關(guān)于一種簡單但是強(qiáng)有力的概念——螞蟻哲學(xué)。結(jié)合前面的時(shí)間狀語“Over the years”可知，此處表示作者一直從事著的工作，并且有可能繼續(xù)下去，故句子使用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 22．(2018·河南中原名校模擬)So many times I ________ (experience) that showing kindne

52、ss in public places spreads like wildfire． 答案：have experienced　句意：很多次我都感受到在公共場合的行善行為會傳播很快。根據(jù)So many times可知，設(shè)空處句子需要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語為I，故答案為have experienced。 23．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)Since 2011, the country ________ (grow) more corn than rice． 答案：has grown　由since可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 24．(2018·北京高考)Susan had quit her well-p

53、aid job and ________ (work) as a volunteer in the neighbourhood when I visited her last year． 答案：was working　句意：當(dāng)我去年拜訪她的時(shí)候，蘇珊辭掉了薪資優(yōu)厚的工作并且正在社區(qū)擔(dān)任志愿者。因?yàn)榘菰L這一動作發(fā)生在過去而那時(shí)蘇珊正在做社區(qū)志愿者，故用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 25．(2019·福建莆田二十四中調(diào)研)In the past 500 years, 4．5 percent of languages ________ (die) out． 答案：have died　根據(jù)前面的“in t

54、he past＋時(shí)間段”可知，本句使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故填have died。 二、單句改錯 1．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)I didn't realize how right my parents are until I entered high school． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：are→were　根據(jù)前后時(shí)態(tài)一致性和全文描述過去的事情可知，應(yīng)將are改為were。 2．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)During my second year at the city

55、 college, I told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：told前加was　根據(jù)語意可知，此處表示“我”被告知，同時(shí)結(jié)合“was offering”和前面的時(shí)間狀語“During my second year at the city college”可知，使用一

56、般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)，故told前加was。 3．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it works． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：works→worked　and連接的是并列句，結(jié)合前面的found可知，使用一般過去時(shí)。 4．(2018·北京高考)Anger seems simple

57、when we were feeling it, but the causes of anger are various． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：were→are　根據(jù)前面的seems和but分句中的謂語are可知，此處描述現(xiàn)在的情況，故將were改為are。 5．(2018·天津高考)The global population expected to grow to 9．6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimat

58、e that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：expected前加is　預(yù)計(jì)全球人口在2050年前達(dá)到96億，主語“The global population”是被預(yù)計(jì)的對象，故使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)；同時(shí)population是單數(shù)，故expected前加is。 6．(2018·浙江高考)In America

59、 the demand for oil had grown by 22 percent since 1990． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：had→has　根據(jù)后面的“since 1990”可知，前面的謂語動詞應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 7．(2018·江蘇高考)When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognize it as sw

60、eeter and more tasty． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：recognize→recognized　根據(jù)前面的從句中謂語動詞“was served”可知，主句中的時(shí)態(tài)也應(yīng)該為一般過去時(shí)，故將recognize改為recognized。 8．(2018·河南中原名校學(xué)術(shù)聯(lián)盟質(zhì)檢)I live in London and I'm look forward to the next holiday． ____________________________

61、____________________________________________ 答案：look→looking　句意：我生活在倫敦，正盼望著下一個(gè)假日。由句意可知此分句用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 9．(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)It is always crowded with customers at meal times． Some people even had to wait outside． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：had→have　根據(jù)語境可知，此

62、處是在如實(shí)地描述一種情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 10．(2016·全國卷Ⅱ)Some classmates suggest we go to places of interest nearby． I thought that it is a good idea． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：thought→think　根據(jù)前一句中的suggest可知，本句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 11．(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)Every day he makes sure that fres

63、h vegetables and high quality oil are using for cooking． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：using→used　句意：每天他都確保使用新鮮的蔬菜和高質(zhì)量的油來烹飪。此處表示被動含義，be used for “被用來做”。 12．(2018·衡陽聯(lián)考)My father often calls me at about six to make sure if I come home for dinner． _____

64、___________________________________________________________________ 答案：come前加will　句意：我父親常常在大約6點(diǎn)鐘時(shí)給我打電話以確認(rèn)我是否回家吃晚飯。此處用will表意愿。 13．(2018·成都月考)What do you imagine has been happened to Jim in the past few weeks? ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉been　happe

65、n是不及物動詞，不能用于被動語態(tài)。 14．(2018·貴州遵義一聯(lián))And he also said in some TV shows that he had injured in almost every part of his body． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：had后加been　句意：在一些電視節(jié)目中他還說他身上幾乎到處都受過傷。主語he與injure之間為被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)，故在had后加been。 15．(2019·山東濟(jì)寧一中高三調(diào)研)If

66、you want to convince the boss you deserve a pay rise or promotion, the solution could be simple—eat the same food as they did． ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：did→do　根據(jù)前面的eat可知，此處as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)與主句保持一致，使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(二) 七、過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 1．表示過去某一時(shí)刻或階段正在進(jìn)行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。 2．短暫性動詞come, go, leave, arrive, begin等用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示按計(jì)劃、安排在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動作。 He was_reading a book when I came in． They were_coming to attend the meeting a few days later． 八、一般將來時(shí) 一般將來時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)