山東省2020屆新高考英語(yǔ)大二輪總復(fù)習(xí) 第三板塊 完形填空 第三部分 體裁應(yīng)對(duì)策略 第4講 說明文對(duì)點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)

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1、第4講 　說明文 Cloze 1 (2019·衡水二摸)As a child，I was always told to“eat my greens”．These were the unappealing vegetables that sat on the edge of my plate.Peas，and green beans，all looked and tasted __1__.Let's face it，when there were so many other delicious treats to __2__，why eat boring vegetables? Sin

2、ce then my taste buds have __3__ and I'm also fully aware of the health benefits of eating fresh vegetables.But we still need __4__ of the amazing goodness these green super foods give us.In the UK，a campaign has been __5__ for several years to encourage us to eat our “5 A Day”—five portions of frui

3、t and vegetables.That's __6__ evidence has shown there are significant health __7__ to getting at least five 80g portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables every day. But I struggle trying to fit these five portions into my daily __8__，partly because I have a sweet __9__ and vegetables are，well，

4、tasteless.Researchers have been __10__ how to make eating vegetables more __11__.They analysed the psychology behind our food __12__ and found that most of us are __13__ by taste.Brad Turnwald from Stanford University says that “studies show that people __14__to think of healthier options as less ta

5、sty for some reason.” In Europe，a project called VeggieEAT has also been trying to find ways to get people to __15__ more vegetables.Project leader，Professor Heather Hartwell believes in __16__ encouraging people into eating the right things.One idea has been to put a __17__ of a tasty looking fru

6、it on a supermarket trolley as a __18__ about buying something from the fruit store after looking at the picture.She says，“Choice is a really __19__ thing.But making vegetables look attractive will increase their sales.” Certainly，eating“twisted citrus-glazed carrots”does sound tempting，even if it

7、just __20__ like a carrot，but if it makes us eat more vegetables then that can only be a good thing for our health. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　 蔬菜對(duì)健康有益——這是一個(gè)眾人皆知的道理。然而，我們有時(shí)候會(huì)因?yàn)槠珢燮渌澄锏目谖抖鴮?duì)吃青菜感到很不情愿。本文探討一項(xiàng)旨在提倡人們多吃青菜的研究，并介紹一些商家用來吸引顧客購(gòu)買蔬菜的銷售技巧。 1．A.disgusting　　　 B．delicious C．ripen D．sweet 解析：A　[根據(jù)上一句“These were the u

8、nappealing vegetables that sat on the edge of my plate.”，說那些討厭的蔬菜總是散落在我的盤子邊上?？芍钦f這些蔬菜不好吃，令人厭惡的。句意：長(zhǎng)相惡心的豌豆、西蘭花和青豆吃起來也很惡心(disgusting)。] 2．A.buy B．prepare C．offer D．enjoy 解析：D　[根據(jù)“there were so many other delicious treats”可知是美味在前，是享受(enjoy)。故選D項(xiàng)。句意：有那么多好吃的食物，為什么還吃那些難吃的蔬菜呢？] 3．A.appeared B．develo

9、ped C．existed D．shrank 解析：B　[句意：從那以后，我的味蕾就發(fā)展(即改變)了，我還充分意識(shí)到了吃新鮮蔬菜對(duì)健康的益處。] 4．A.reminding B．informing C．warning D．talking 解析：A　[句意：remind提醒；inform通知；warn警告；talk談?wù)?。根?jù)上一句“benefits of eating fresh vegetables”蔬菜的好處，可知是時(shí)刻提醒記得(remind)這些綠色“超級(jí)食品”給我們的身體帶來的驚人益處。] 5．A.planning B．a(chǎn)iming C．running D．int

10、ending 解析：C　[在英國(guó)，世界衛(wèi)生組織為鼓勵(lì)人們“每天吃5份果蔬”而發(fā)起的宣傳活動(dòng)已經(jīng)進(jìn)行(run)了好多年的時(shí)間。分析句意可知，是這種宣傳活動(dòng)進(jìn)行了好多年。只有run才有“運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，或進(jìn)行”之意。] 6．A.why B．how C．when D．because 解析：D　[根據(jù)上文可知宣傳活動(dòng)持續(xù)了好多年是結(jié)果，原因就是因?yàn)?because)有證據(jù)表明，人們每天至少食用5份80g的水果和蔬菜會(huì)對(duì)健康有很大益處。] 7．A.needs B．benefits C．issues D．risks 解析：B　[根據(jù)上題的內(nèi)容可知，是說“人們每天至少食用5份80g的水果和蔬菜會(huì)

11、對(duì)健康有很大益處(benefits)”。] 8．A.diet B．education C．work D．exercise 解析：A　[根據(jù)上文每天至少5份水果和蔬菜，可知是日常生活中，即“我仍在努力把這5份果蔬納入到我的日常飲食(diet)中”。] 9．A.tendency B．preference C．tooth D．a(chǎn)ppetite 解析：C　[句意：部分原因是我愛吃甜食，而且覺得蔬菜很無味。have a sweet tooth，為固定搭配，“喜歡甜食”。] 10．A.showing B．discovering C．reporting D．studying 解

12、析：D　[句意：研究人員一直在研究(study)如何讓蔬菜更具吸引力。] 11．A.appropriate B．a(chǎn)ttractive C．beneficial D．independent 解析：B　[根據(jù)上句“vegetables are，well，tasteless”因?yàn)槭卟藷o味，人們不喜歡吃，因此研究人員一直在研究如何讓蔬菜更具吸引力(attractive)。] 12．A.choices B．values C．wastes D．judgments 解析：A　[他們分析了我們選擇食物時(shí)的心理。根據(jù)下一句可知，是我們對(duì)食物的選擇(choice)。] 13．A.confus

13、ed B．disturbed C．motivated D．challenged 解析：C　[句意：他們分析了我們選擇食物時(shí)的心理，發(fā)現(xiàn)大部分人都是受味道的驅(qū)使。] 14．A.manage B．decide C．a(chǎn)gree D．tend 解析：D　[研究表明，人們會(huì)因?yàn)槟撤N原因而傾向于認(rèn)為更健康的食物更難吃。] 15．A.grow B．eat C．store D．harvest 解析：B　[在歐洲，名為VeggieEAT的項(xiàng)目一直在嘗試找出能讓人們多吃(eat)蔬菜的方式。后面“encouraging people into eating the right thin

14、gs”是提示。] 16．A.slowly B．suddenly C．firmly D．seriously 解析：A　[慢慢地(slowly)鼓勵(lì)人們進(jìn)食恰當(dāng)?shù)氖澄?。根?jù)常識(shí)可知，想讓人們接受某種東西，要慢慢地進(jìn)行。] 17．A.variety B．lot C．picture D．number 解析：C　[其中一個(gè)想法是，把看起來很美味的水果圖片(picture)放在超市的購(gòu)物車上，以此來暗示消費(fèi)者去水果區(qū)域購(gòu)買東西。根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知是圖片貼在購(gòu)物車上。] 18．A.sign B．concern C．clue D．hint 解析：D　[根據(jù)上題的內(nèi)容可知，把水果的

15、圖片貼在購(gòu)物車上給消費(fèi)者一種暗示(hint)。] 19．A.easy B．complex C．quick D．casual 解析：B　[句意：選擇是一件非常復(fù)雜的事情。根據(jù)上文意思可知讓人們多吃蔬菜，選擇健康的蔬菜水果是很復(fù)雜的(complex)。] 20．A.looks B．smells C．tastes D．feels 解析：C　[當(dāng)然了，“橘汁胡蘿卜”這菜名聽起來確定很誘人，雖然嘗起來(taste)像是胡蘿卜。分析句意可知，胡蘿卜雖然名字不同，但嘗起來還是胡蘿卜的味道。] Cloze 2 Electricity is such a part of our ever

16、yday lives and so much taken for granted nowadays __1__ we rarely think twice when we switch on the light or turn on the TV set. At night，roads are brightly lit，enabling people and __2__ to move freely.Neon lighting used in advertising has become part of the __3__ of every modern city. In the home

17、，many __4__ devices are powered by electricity.__5__ when we turn off the bedside lamp and are __6__ asleep，electricity is working for us，__7__ our refrigerators，heating our water，or keeping our rooms airconditioned. Every day，trains，buses and subways take us to and from work.We rarely __8__ to con

18、sider why or how they run— __9__ something goes wrong. In the summer of 1959，something did __10__ wrong with the power-plant that provided New York with electricity.For a great many hours，life came almost to a __11__.Trains refused to move and the people in them sat in the dark，__12__ to do anythin

19、g；lifts stopped working，so that __13__ you were lucky enough not to be __14__ between two floors，you had the unpleasant task of finding your ways down __15__ of stairs.Famous streets like Broadway and Fifth Avenue in a(n) __16__ became as gloomy and uninviting __17__ the most remote back streets.Peo

20、ple were afraid to leave their houses，__18__ although the police had been ordered to __19__ in case of emergency，they were just as confused and __20__ as anybody else. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　 電是日常生活的一部分，如今，我們已經(jīng)習(xí)以為常，以至于開燈或開電視時(shí)很少仔細(xì)考慮電的問題。本文介紹關(guān)于電的使用問題。 1．A.that　　　　　 B．thus C．a(chǎn)s D．so 解析：A　[句意：電是日常生活的一部分，如今，我們已經(jīng)習(xí)以為

21、常，以至于開燈或開電視時(shí)很少仔細(xì)考慮電的問題。so...that...是固定搭配，意思是“如此……以至于……”。] 2．A.car B．truck C．traffic D．pedestrians 解析：C　[句意：晚上燈光照亮的馬路使人們自由通行，使交通暢通無阻。pedestrian意為“行人”，與空格前的people詞義重復(fù)；car和truck都指具體的車輛類型，含義過于狹窄。綜合考慮，此處應(yīng)填入traffic。] 3．A.appearance B．character C．distinction D．surface 解析：B　[句意：廣告中使用的霓虹燈已經(jīng)成為了每個(gè)現(xiàn)代化

22、城市的一大特色。] 4．A.money-saving B．time-saving C．energy-saving D．labor-saving 解析：D　[句意：在家里，很多節(jié)省勞動(dòng)力的設(shè)備都是由電帶動(dòng)的。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是復(fù)合形容詞，根據(jù)句意，此處填入labor-saving最合適。] 5．A.Only B．Rarely C．Even D．Frequently 解析：C　[句意；即使當(dāng)我們關(guān)上床頭燈，睡得很熟時(shí)，電仍然在為我們工作……。根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)填入even。] 6．A.fast B．quite C．closely D．quickly 解析：A　[fast as

23、leep為固定搭配，意為“睡得很熟的”。] 7．A.moving B．starting C．repairing D．driving 解析：D　[此處的動(dòng)詞與our refrigerators連用，填入driving最合適，意為“使電冰箱正常運(yùn)行”。] 8．A.trouble B．bother C．hesitate D．remember 解析：B　[此處是說，我們很少費(fèi)心思考它們?yōu)槭裁椿蛉绾芜\(yùn)行。] 9．A.when B．if C．until D．a(chǎn)fter 解析：C　[句意：直到這些交通工具出問題時(shí)，我們才會(huì)費(fèi)心思考它們?yōu)槭裁椿蛉绾芜\(yùn)行。前半句出現(xiàn)了rarely，

24、含否定意義，與until搭配使用，意為“直到……才……”。] 10．A.go B．mean C．pass D．find 解析：A　[句意：1959年的夏天，負(fù)責(zé)給紐約供電的發(fā)電廠真的出了問題。go wrong固定短語(yǔ)，出錯(cuò)。] 11．A.pause B．terminal C．breakdown D．standstill 解析：D　[句意：許多小時(shí)過去了，生活幾乎停滯不前。come to a standstill是固定搭配，意為“停住，停滯不前”。] 12．A.incompetent B．powerless C．hesitant D．helpless 解析：B　[句

25、意：火車無法開動(dòng)，車廂里的人坐在黑暗中無能為力，什么事也做不了。此處指人處于停電的環(huán)境中無能為力，什么事也做不了。] 13．A.although B．when C．a(chǎn)s D．even if 解析：D　[句意：電梯也停止工作，即使你足夠幸運(yùn)，沒被困在兩層樓之間，也得自己不愉快地步行下樓梯。通過分析上下文，此處填入even if最合適。] 14．A.trapped B．placed C．positioned D．locked 解析：A　[be trapped被困……。] 15．A.steps B．levels C．flights D．floors 解析：C　[a fl

26、ight of stairs是固定搭配，表示“(兩個(gè)樓梯平臺(tái)間的)一段樓梯”，本題中考查的是復(fù)數(shù)形式。] 16．A.time B．instant C．point D．minute 解析：B　[in an instant是固定搭配，意為“瞬間，馬上”，意思相當(dāng)于immediately，故答案為B。in a minute意為“很快，馬上”，一般用于將來時(shí)，不符合句意，故排除。] 17．A.like B．than C．for D．a(chǎn)s 解析：D　[as...as...為固定搭配，表示“像……一樣”。] 18．A.for B．a(chǎn)nd C．but D．or 解析：A　[句意：人們害怕離開自己的房子，因?yàn)殡m然警察被要求隨時(shí)待命，以防突發(fā)事件，但他們也像其他人一樣疑惑和無助。結(jié)合上文，此處填入for最合適。] 19．A.stand aside B．stand down C．stand by D．stand in 解析：C　[stand by準(zhǔn)備行動(dòng)，附近等待。] 20．A.aimless B．helpless C．unfocused D．undecided 解析：B　[helpless無助的。] - 7 -