2022年高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解推理判斷學(xué)案

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1、2022年高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解推理判斷學(xué)案 閱讀理解 專題二：推理判斷 Conflict is on the menu tonight at the cafe La Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France's favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get

2、 in touch with their true feelings. It isn't always easy. The customers—some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) persession—are quick to intellectualize (高談闊論), slow to open up and connect. “You are forbidden to say ‘one feels，’ or ‘people think’，” Lehanne told them. “Say ‘I think，’

3、‘Think me’．” A cafe society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn't seem more un-French. But Lehanne's psychology cafe is about more than knowing oneself: It's trying to help the city's troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the Frenc

4、h lifestyle—longer working hours, a fast-food boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening. The city's “

5、psychology cafes”， which offer great fort, are among the most popular places. Middle-aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed e to such cafes to talk about love, anger, and dreams with a psychologist. And they e to Lehanne's group just to learn to say what they feel. “There's a strong need in P

6、aris for munication，” says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as a religious instructor in a nearby church. “People have few real friends. And they need to open up.” Lehanne says she'd like to see psychology cafes all over France. “If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn't exis

7、t，” she says. “If life weren't a battle, people wouldn't need a special place just to speak.” But then, it wouldn't be France.　 32．What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope? A．Learn a new subject. B．Keep in touch with friends. C．Show off their knowledge. D．Express their true fee

8、lings. 33．How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes? A．They are less frequently visited. B．They stay open for longer hours. C．They have bigger night crowds. D．They start to serve fast food. 34．What are theme cafes expected to do? A．Create more jobs. B．Supply better drinks. C．S

9、ave the cafe business. D．Serve the neighborhood. 35．Why are psychology cafes being popular in Paris? A．They bring people true friendship. B．They give people spiritual support. C．They help people realize their dreams. D．They offer a platform for business links. 根據(jù)提示將答案寫在橫線上。 Step 1：瀏覽問題，速讀全文

10、。 本文介紹了_______________________________________________________。 Step 2：審題、解題。 32．____?？疾開_______。根據(jù)第一段中的“Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings”一句表明the cafe La Chope的作用。 33．____?？疾開_______。根據(jù)第二段可知，多年來，咖啡館受到人們生活方式變化的影響。由文中的“l(fā)onger working hours, a fast-food boom and a you

11、nger generation's desire to spend more time at home”可推知人們(現(xiàn)在)不經(jīng)常去咖啡館了。 34．____?？疾開_______。根據(jù)第二段第三句中的“It's trying to help the city's troubled neighborhood cafes”可知，主題咖啡館的目的就是拯救日趨沒落的咖啡行業(yè)。 35．____?？疾開_______。根據(jù)最后一段可知，“心理咖啡館”之所以變得受歡迎是因為在這里舉辦討論活動的心理學(xué)家能撫慰人們的心靈。文中的“People have few real friends. And they

12、need to open up”暗示來這里的顧客需要精神支柱。 Step 3：驗證答案。 認(rèn)真分析題干與選項以及與題干相關(guān)的信息，結(jié)合文章主題驗證答案正確與否。 技法點撥·突破高考 題型概述 TIXINGGAISHU 　　推理判斷題考查學(xué)生根據(jù)字面意思，通過全面邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示、推敲作者的態(tài)度、理解文章寓義的能力。推理判斷題涉及到的可能是文中一句話或幾句話，甚至是文章或段落的主題。該類題型在閱讀理解中在近幾年高考中所占比例有上升的趨勢。 1．深層理解推理 (1)What can be inferred from the passage? (2)It can

13、 be concluded from the passage that... (3)We can draw a conclusion from the last paragraph that... 其中常包含infer, indicate, imply, suggest, assume, show, mean和conclude等詞。 2．文章出處推理 (1)The passage would be found in/taken from/e from... (2)The passage is written for... 3．寫作意圖及態(tài)度傾向推理 (1)The author o

14、f the passage aims to/intends for... (2)What's the author's attitude to...? 根據(jù)以上幾種不同的命題方式推理判斷題分為以下幾種：深層理解推理、文章出處推理、寫作意圖及態(tài)度傾向推理，下面對各類型的解題策略進行講解。 1深層理解推理 (1)定位與題目相關(guān)信息：①根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位信息。②根據(jù)選項定位信息。 (2)深層理解文中信息：文中信息是正確選項的依據(jù)，即正確選項源于文中信息，但又不是文中信息的全部，只是推斷的依據(jù)。 (3)驗證答案：①正確選項與文中信息相關(guān)，但文中信息并未告之結(jié)論。②正確選項必須不能脫

15、離文章主題。 [典例1]　I never told my mother about my “miraculous (奇跡般的)” experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and auth

16、ored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held. 49．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The author has bee a successful writer. B．The author's mother read the same book. C．The author's mother rewarded him with books. D．The author has had happy summe

17、rs ever since. 2文章出處或讀者對象推理 解答這類問題應(yīng)從文章的內(nèi)容或結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷其出處： (1)報紙：前面會出現(xiàn)日期、地點或通訊社名稱。 (2)廣告：因其格式特殊，容易辨認(rèn)。 (3)產(chǎn)品說明：器皿、設(shè)備的使用說明會有產(chǎn)品名稱或操作方式，而藥品的服用說明會告知服用時間、次數(shù)、藥量等。如果沒有以上格式，就需要根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進行推斷。 [典例2]　When I grew up and entered the business world, I remember hearing my first boss say, “We all need to think like sa

18、lespeople.” But it didn't pletely make sense. My dad never once said, “If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman.” What he said was, “You need to think like a fish.” Years later, with great efforts to promote long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I graduall

19、y learned what we all need is to think more like customers. It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters. 35．This passage most likely es from ________. A．a(chǎn) fishing guide B．a(chǎn) popular sales book C．a(chǎn) novel on childhood D．a(chǎn) millionaire's biography 3寫作意圖

20、及態(tài)度傾向推理 (1)在閱讀文章時，關(guān)注文章字里行間對人物情感及態(tài)度的描寫，揣測和體會修飾性詞語。 (2)分析這些修飾性詞語，并特別注意作者在文中的措辭，尤其是表達感情色彩的形容詞。 [典例3]　I'm grateful—to a point. The truth is, after years of balking, I've e to enjoy my walks with Misty. As I watch her chase after a squirrel, throwing her whole being into the here-and-now of an exercis

21、e that has never once ended in victory, she reminds me, too, that no matter how harsh the present or unpredictable the future, there's almost always some measure of joy to be extracted from the moment. 60．What is the message the writer wants to convey in the passage? A．One should learn to enjoy ha

22、rd times. B．A disaster can change everything in life. C．Moments of joy suggest that there is still hope ahead. D．People will change their attitudes toward you when you are in difficulty. [典例4]　My color television has given me nothing but a headache... ...I actually began to build up my arm musc

23、les shaking my set... When neither of these methods removed the static noise, I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away. At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist, and it stopped working altogether. My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now, but I keep expecting more trouble. 24．How does the author sound when telling the story? A．Curious. B．Anxious. C．Cautious. D．Humorous. 1．原文信息的簡單重復(fù)，而非推斷出來的結(jié)論。(考生易誤選) 2．推理過渡的片面結(jié)論。 3．與文中內(nèi)容不符或完全相反的結(jié)論等。 4．符合考生已有常識，但文章中沒有信息支持。(考生易誤選)