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畢業(yè)設(shè)計任務(wù)書(二)
學(xué)生:柳慶亮 王燕花 指導(dǎo)老師:顏竟成(教授)
(一) 題目:DK7732數(shù)控高速走絲電火花線切割機及控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計。
給出條件:每發(fā)出一個脈沖信號,工作臺拖板(X、Y)絲架拖板(U、V)移動0.005mm
(二) 設(shè)計內(nèi)容:
1、 調(diào)查研究電火花線切割機的加工特點,確定新設(shè)計電火花線切割機的主要參數(shù)。
2、 進行數(shù)控電火花線切割機的總體方案及系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計。
3、 完成電火花線切割機的機械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計。
4、 完成控制系統(tǒng)硬件和軟件設(shè)計。
(三) 任務(wù)和要求:
1、 根據(jù)總體設(shè)計方案,繪制出數(shù)控電火花線切割機總圖一張(A0手工圖)。
2、 進行運絲系統(tǒng)的運動計算、強度計算,繪制出運絲系統(tǒng)機構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)圖一張(A0計算機圖)。
3、 進行坐標工作臺的運動和強度計算,繪制出坐標工作臺縱向(X方向)、橫向(Y方向)或運絲機構(gòu)部裝圖一張(A1計算機圖)。
4、 根據(jù)控制系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計方案,繪制出控制系統(tǒng)電路圖一張(A0計算機圖)。
5、 繪制出線切割機電器電路圖一張(A0計算機圖)。
6、 繪制出貯絲筒或滾珠絲杠零件圖一張(A1三維計算機圖)。
7、 科技譯文(不少于3000字)。
8、 編寫畢業(yè)設(shè)計說明書一套(不少于一萬字,有英文摘要,有程序清單,全部用計算機打出)。
(四) 主要參考資料:
1、《機械設(shè)計手冊》,機械工業(yè)出版社。
2、《實用機床設(shè)計手冊》,遼寧科技出版社。
3、數(shù)控電火花線切割加工技術(shù),哈工大出版社。
4、《TTL集成電路手冊》。
5、《存儲器手冊》。
6、《機床數(shù)控系統(tǒng)設(shè)計指導(dǎo)書》, 中國科技出版社。
7、《機電綜合設(shè)計指導(dǎo)書》,人民大學(xué)出版社。
8、《BKDC電火花線切割機控制電氣圖》,蘇州三光集團。
9、《DK7725(d、e、f)電火花線切割控制機使用說明書》,蘇州三光集團。
附注:根據(jù)進度和自愿可增加注塑模設(shè)計。
指導(dǎo)老師簽名:
南華大學(xué)機械工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計
參考文獻
1. 中國機械工程學(xué)會 中國機械設(shè)計大典編委會。中國機械設(shè)計大典(4)。江西:江西科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社,2002
2. 清華大學(xué)曹金榜、易錫麟、張玉峰、陳養(yǎng)田、張春編。機床主軸變速箱設(shè)計指導(dǎo)。北京:機械工業(yè)出版社,1987
3. 華東紡織工學(xué)院、哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)、天津大學(xué)編。機械設(shè)計圖冊。上海:上海科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社,1979
4. 吳振彪主編。機電綜合設(shè)計指導(dǎo)。北京:中國人民大學(xué)出版社,2000
5. 顧熙棠、遲建山、胡寶珍主編。金屬切削機床(下冊)。上海:上??茖W(xué)技術(shù)出版社,2000
6. 張學(xué)仁主編。數(shù)控電火花線切割加工技術(shù)。哈爾濱:哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)出版社,2000
7. 趙萬生主編。電火花加工技術(shù)。哈爾濱:哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)出版社,2000
8. 李忠文編著。電火花機和線切割機編程與機電控制。北京:化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社 工業(yè)裝備與信息工程出版中心,2004
9. 鄧星鐘主編。機電傳動控制(第三版)。武漢:華中科技大學(xué)出版社,2003
10. 秦曾煌主編。電工學(xué)下冊電子技術(shù)(第五版)。北京:高等教育出版社,1999
11. 吳宗澤主編。機械設(shè)計師手冊(上冊、下冊)。北京:機械工業(yè)出版社,2002
12. 魏俊民、周硯江主編。機電一體化系統(tǒng)設(shè)計。北京:中國紡織出版社,1998
13. 薛棟梁編著。MCS-51/51/251單片機原理與應(yīng)用(一)。北京:中國水利水電出版社,2001
14. 楊恢先、黃輝先等編著。單片機原理及應(yīng)用。長沙:國防科技大學(xué)出版社,2003
15. 中國IT培訓(xùn)工程委員會編。Protel99電路設(shè)計培訓(xùn)班。珠海:珠海出版社,2002
16. 何永然、唐增寶、劉安俊主編。機械設(shè)計課程設(shè)計(第二版)。武漢:華中科學(xué)大學(xué)出版社,2002
17. 周良德、朱泗芳等編著?,F(xiàn)代工程圖學(xué)。長沙:湖南科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社,2000
18. 謝鐵邦、李柱、席宏卓主編?;Q性與技術(shù)測量。武漢:長沙科技大學(xué)出版社,1998
3 科技譯文 Modular machine tool profession present situation and development ponder ABSTRACT Present state and development direction of modular machine tool technology and equipment at home and abroad are summarized Some concepts of the author are set forth Keywords Modular machine Development thinking Technological innovation Our country joins after WTO the manufacturing industry faces opportunity and challenge coexisting The Modular machine tool profession enterprise at the right moment adjusts the strategy adopted positively should to the strategy appeared has produced Sells two prosperous good tendencies up to September 2002 an Modular machine tool profession enterprise only Modular machine tool product item the output has reached 800 according to incomplete statistics the output value reaches 3 above the hundreds million in 2001 the same ratio grew above 10 moreover Modular machine tool profession industry increase in value Product sales rate Whole staff total wages The exportation delivery value and so on the economic indicator has the varying degree growth new product The new technology goes to the yearly average to have the large scale enhancement the obvious profession enterprise operation condition is good 1 Modular machine tool technical equip present situation and trend of development The Modular machine tool and from the generation is the collection mechanical and electrical in a body synthesis automatic high technique of manufacture and the complete craft equipment Its characteristic is highly effective High grade The economy is practical thus is widely applied in the project machinery Transportation Energy War industry Light industry Professions and so on electrical appliances Our country tradition Modular machine tool and the Modular machine tool mainly use from the generation machine Electricity Gas The hydraulic control its processing object mainly produces the Modular machine tool processing connecting rod which the batch quite big major and medium flask body class and the axis class components the recent years developed The board and so on also occupies certain share completes the drill hole Broaching Reams processes each kind of thread Bore Surfacing and lug boss in hole boring each kind of shape trough as well as milling plane and formed surface and so on he Modular machine tool classification is many has the large scale Modular machine tool and the small Modular machine tool has one sided Two sided Three Horizontal type Vertical Inclined type Compound expression but also has the multi location rotation table model Modular machine tool and so on Along with the technical unceasing progress one kind of new Modular machine tool the flexibility Modular machine tool more and more receives people s favor it applies the multi position headstock May trade the headstock The code retinue jig and the cutting tool automatic replacement matches by programmable controller PLC Numerical control NC and so on Along with market competition aggravating and to product demand high accuracy High productivity Flexibility Multi varieties Short period The numerical control engine bed and is attacking the traditional Modular machine tool profession from the generation therefore the Modular machine tool equips the development mentality must be by increases the group bed processing precision Modular machine tool flexibility The Modular machine tool operational reliability gathers the engine bed technology the complete set for the main attack direction At the same time the enhancement technology application enhances the Modular machine tool product numerical control rate On the other hand further develops the new part the multi coordinates part causes its modulation in particular Flexibility adaptation adjustable invariable Multi variety processing market demand Super velocity and super elevation precision processing technical equip and compound Multi purpose The multiple spindle control device and so on is welcome deeply However more essential is the Modern Communication Technology in the engine bed equipment application the information communication introduction causes the modern engine bed the automatic further to enhance also has the quite big disparity in these aspect our country Modular machine tool equipment therefore our country Modular machine tool technical equip high velocity High accuracy Flexibility Modulation Adjustable invariable Random workable as well as the communication application will be the next development direction 2 Modular machine tool profession development ponders in the recent two years although the Modular machine tool profession production and marketing presents the trend of escalation but in the profession some enterprise similar existence debt management situation the primary cause is the traditional Modular machine tool product can satisfy the user flexibility High accuracy The short period market demand simultaneously Modular machine tool profession some enterprises have the modern management level to be low The brain drain is serious The achievements in scientific research cannot transform rapidly as flaws and so on productive forces For this proposed suggested as follows 1 enhancement modern management level after China joins WTO the urgent need enterprise raises the modern management level further deepens the enterprise interior reform establishes the perfect adaptation market economy the operational mechanism The establishment enterprise s science management system achieves the centralization to be correct Decentralization order The authorization has the chapter With the power having responsibility right intrinsic unification organic synthesis is enhances the enterprise controlling force to have must completely change the backward system must set up the globalization management idea sharpens the international market competitive ability establishes the market rapid reaction mechanism adapts the market demand which develops day by day 2 urgently awaited to sharpen the enterprise innovation ability enterprise s survival the key lies in the product the vitality to march into Electronic Age today the traditional Modular machine tool already cannot meet the high speed development domestic and foreign market requirement this request enterprise had to adapt the science and technology rapid development established the technological innovation system the advancement enterprise s technology advancement accelerated to the flexibility Numerical control High accuracy The short period direction develops enhances the Modular machine tool applicable scope and the market coverage Simultaneously implements the name brand strategy the struggle creates the world brand accelerates our country Modular machine tool development advancement causes Our country Modular machine tool Profession Enterprise to be in an impregnable position in the world manufacture domain In summary the Modular machine tool profession must develop the technical attack attacking and capturing current profession enterprise technological development difficult problem Two must strengthen and the overseas joint capital cooperation the use and the study overseas vanguard technology enhances the enterprise the modern management level and the technical level Three must through to introduce technical the digestion absorption to carry on innovates again develops own product through ours endeavor causes our country truly by to make the great nation to turn makes the powerful nation 組合機床行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展思考
摘要: 我國組合機床技術(shù)裝備的現(xiàn)狀和行業(yè)的發(fā)展,并提出了本人的一些觀點
關(guān)鍵詞:組合機床 發(fā)展思路 技術(shù)創(chuàng)新
我國加入WTO以后,制造業(yè)所面臨的機遇與挑戰(zhàn)并存。組合機床行業(yè)企業(yè)適時調(diào)整戰(zhàn)略,采取了積極的應(yīng)對策略,出現(xiàn)了產(chǎn)、銷兩旺的良好勢頭,截至2002年9月份,組合機床行業(yè)企業(yè)僅組合機床產(chǎn)品一項,據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計產(chǎn)量已達800余臺,產(chǎn)值達3個億以上,較2001年同比增長了10%以上,另外組合機床行業(yè)工業(yè)增加值、產(chǎn)品銷售率、全員工資總額、出口交貨值等經(jīng)濟指標均有不同程度的增長,新產(chǎn)品、新技術(shù)較去年均有大幅度提高,可見行業(yè)企業(yè)運營狀況良好”
1 組合機床技術(shù)裝備現(xiàn)狀與發(fā)展趨勢
組合機床及其自動線是集機電于一體的綜合自動化程度較高的制造技術(shù)和成套工藝裝備,它的特征是高效、高質(zhì)、經(jīng)濟實用,因而被廣泛應(yīng)用于工程機械、交通、能源、軍工、輕工、家電等行業(yè).我國傳統(tǒng)的組合機床及組合機床自動線主要采用機、電、氣、液壓控制,它的加工對象主要是生產(chǎn)批量比較大的大中型箱體類和軸類零件(近年研制的組合機床加工連桿、板件等也占一定份額),完成鉆孔、擴孔、鉸孔,加工各種螺紋、鏜孔、車端面和凸臺,在孔內(nèi)鏜各種形狀槽,以及銑削平面和成形面等.組合機床的分類繁多,有大型組合機床和小型組合機床,有單面、雙面、三面、臥式、立式、傾斜式、復(fù)合式,還有多工位回轉(zhuǎn)臺式組合機床等;隨著技術(shù)的不斷進步,一種新型的組合機床,柔性組合機床越來越受到人們的青睞,它應(yīng)用多位主軸箱!可換主軸箱!編碼隨行夾具和刀具的自動更換,配以可編程序控制器(PLC) 、數(shù)字控制(NC)等,隨著市場競爭的加劇和對產(chǎn)品需求的,高精度、高生產(chǎn)率、柔性化、多品種、短周期、數(shù)控機床及其自動線正在沖擊著傳統(tǒng)的組合機床行業(yè),因此組合機床裝備的發(fā)展思路必須是以提高組床加工精度、組合機床柔性、組合機床工作可靠性合機床技術(shù)的成套性為主攻方向。一方面,加強技術(shù)的應(yīng)用,提高組合機床產(chǎn)品數(shù)控化率;另一方面進一步發(fā)展新型部件,尤其是多坐標部件,使其模塊化、柔性化,適應(yīng)可調(diào)可變、多品種加工的市場需求。超高速和超高精度加工技術(shù)裝備與復(fù)合、多功能、多軸化控制設(shè)備等深受歡迎。然而更關(guān)鍵的是現(xiàn)代通信技術(shù)在機床裝備中的應(yīng)用,信息通信技術(shù)的引進使得現(xiàn)代機床的自動化程度進一步提高,在這些方面我國組合機床裝備還有相當(dāng)大的差距,因此我國組合機床技術(shù)裝備高速度、高精度、柔性化、模塊化、可調(diào)可變、任意加工性以及通信技術(shù)的應(yīng)用將是今后的發(fā)展方向”
2 組合機床行業(yè)的發(fā)展思考
近兩年雖然組合機床行業(yè)產(chǎn)銷呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢,但行業(yè)內(nèi)一些企業(yè)同樣存在負債經(jīng)營的情況,主要原因是傳統(tǒng)的組合機床產(chǎn)品不能滿足用戶柔性化、高精度、短周期的市場需求,同時組合機床行業(yè)一些企業(yè)存在現(xiàn)代化管理水平低、人才流失嚴重、科研成果不能迅速轉(zhuǎn)化為生產(chǎn)力等缺陷。為此提出如下建議:
(1) 提高現(xiàn)代化管理水平,中國加入WTO后,迫切要求企業(yè)提高現(xiàn)代化管理水平,進一步深化企業(yè)內(nèi)部改革,建立健全適應(yīng)市場經(jīng)濟的運行機制,建立企業(yè)的科學(xué)的管理體制,做到集權(quán)有道、分權(quán)有序、授權(quán)有章、用權(quán)有度的責(zé)權(quán)利內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一的有機結(jié)合,是提高企業(yè)控制力所必須的“要徹底改變落后的體制,必須樹立全球化經(jīng)營理念,提高國際市場競爭能力,建立市場快速反應(yīng)機制,以適應(yīng)日趨發(fā)展的市場需求”
(2) 亟待提高企業(yè)創(chuàng)新能力“企業(yè)的生存,關(guān)鍵在于產(chǎn)品的生命力”已步入電子時代的今天,傳統(tǒng)的組合機床已經(jīng)不能適應(yīng)高速發(fā)展的國內(nèi)外市場需要,這就要求企業(yè)必須適應(yīng)科學(xué)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,建立技術(shù)創(chuàng)新體系,推進企業(yè)的技術(shù)進步,加速向柔性化、數(shù)控化、高精度、短周期方向發(fā)展,提高組合機床適用范圍和市場覆蓋面;同時實施名牌戰(zhàn)略,爭創(chuàng)世界品牌,加速我國組合機床的發(fā)展進程,使我國組合機床行業(yè)企業(yè)在世界制造領(lǐng)域里立于不敗之地。
綜上所述,組合機床行業(yè)要開展科技攻關(guān)攻克當(dāng)前行業(yè)企業(yè)技術(shù)發(fā)展上的難題;二要加強與國外的合資合作,利用和學(xué)習(xí)國外的先進技術(shù),提高企業(yè)的現(xiàn)代化管理水平和技術(shù)水平;三要通過對引進技術(shù)的消化吸收進行再創(chuàng)新,發(fā)展自己的產(chǎn)品“通過我們的努力,使我國真
正由制造大國變成制造強國”。
NANHUA University
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)
題 目 DK7732數(shù)控高速走絲電火花
線切割機床及控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計
學(xué)院名稱 機械工程學(xué)院
指導(dǎo)教師 顏 竟 成
職 稱 教 授
班 級 機械002班
學(xué) 號 20004410212
學(xué)生姓名 柳 慶 亮
2004年 6 月 9 日
南華大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)開題報告
設(shè)計(論文)題目
DK7732數(shù)控高速走絲電火花線切割機及控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計
設(shè)計(論文)題目來源
自選試題
設(shè)計(論文)題目類型
機床設(shè)計
起止時間
2004.2~2004.6
一、 設(shè)計(論文)依據(jù)及研究意義:
依據(jù):
電火花線切割加工是在電火花加工基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來的一種新的工藝形式,是用線狀電極(銅絲或鉬絲)靠火花放電對工件進行切割。
研究意義:
①采用細金屬絲作工具電極,切割刀具簡單,大大降低生產(chǎn)準備工時;
②計算機輔助編程,方便加工復(fù)雜形狀的直紋表面;
③電極絲直徑較細,切縫很窄,有利于材料的利用,適合加工細小零件;
④對于粗、中、精加工,調(diào)整電參數(shù)即可,操作方便、自動化程度高;
⑤電極絲在加工中是移動的,可以完全或短時間不考慮電極絲損耗對加工精度的影響;
⑥當(dāng)電極絲作相應(yīng)傾斜運動時,可實現(xiàn)錐面加工。
二、設(shè)計(論文)主要研究的內(nèi)容、預(yù)期目標:(技術(shù)方案、路線)
1、調(diào)查研究電火花線切割機的加工特點,確定新設(shè)計電火花線切割機的主要參數(shù)。
2、進行數(shù)控電火花線切割機的總體方案及系統(tǒng)總體方案設(shè)計。
3、完成電火花線切割機的機械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計。
4、完成控制系統(tǒng)硬件和軟件設(shè)計。
二、 設(shè)計(論文)的研究重點及難點:
本次設(shè)計的研究重點及難點是線架、導(dǎo)輪部件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計,具體如下:
1、 導(dǎo)輪V形槽設(shè)計應(yīng)保證電極絲在導(dǎo)輪槽內(nèi)運動時不產(chǎn)生軸向移動。
2、 在滿足一定強度要求下,應(yīng)盡量減輕導(dǎo)輪質(zhì)量,有以減少電極絲換向時電極絲與導(dǎo)輪間的滑動摩擦。
3、 導(dǎo)輪裝配后轉(zhuǎn)動應(yīng)輕便靈活,盡量減小軸向竄動和徑向跳動。
4、 應(yīng)進行有效的密封,以保證軸承的正常工作條件。
由于電極絲的導(dǎo)輪位與懸臂的端部,同時電極絲保持一定張力,因此應(yīng)加強線架本體的剛度和強度,可使線架的上下懸臂在電極絲運動時不致振動和變形
四、設(shè)計(論文)研究方法及步驟(進度安排):
研究方法:
1、老師授課,講解設(shè)計內(nèi)容,解答設(shè)計疑難,檢查設(shè)計成果;
2、參觀實驗室DK7725型數(shù)控電火花線切割機床,請教實驗老師,用作借鑒
。
3、利用圖書館藏書,查閱相關(guān)資料,摘要中外先進經(jīng)驗,應(yīng)用到設(shè)計中。
4、網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源的利用,網(wǎng)上資料的查詢,與專家教授的網(wǎng)上交流
進度安排:
第一階段是搜集整理階段。時間是2月初到2月底。
第二階段是機械部分設(shè)計階段。時間是3月份到5月份。
第三階段是控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計階段。時間是5月份到6月初。
第四階段是整理復(fù)習(xí)階段。時間是6月初到6月中旬。
五、進行設(shè)計(論文)所需條件:
1、時間上必須保證充裕,有足夠的時間去調(diào)查,分析,設(shè)計
2、資金上必須能夠保證去車間實習(xí)參觀,去書店購買相關(guān)資料以及車費等。
3、場地上必須有專門固定的教室作為設(shè)計專用教室,可以專心設(shè)計而不被打擾
和到處流動作業(yè)。
六、指導(dǎo)老師意見:
簽名: 年 月 日
南華大學(xué)機械工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)
摘 要
電火花線切割加工(wire-EDM)是一種基于電火花加工技術(shù)的適應(yīng)性流程加工技術(shù),它可以被用在具有二維到三維復(fù)雜形狀的而且是導(dǎo)電的原材料的加工上。電火花線切割加工最常見的應(yīng)用是在壓模,擠壓模,粉末合金的鑄模和標準模板的裝配工中。這樣就可以加工出以往依靠花費很高磨床或者昂貴的傳統(tǒng)意義上的電火花的電極來進行加工的工件。由于電火花線切割加工技術(shù)是機電一體化技術(shù),是機械、電工、電子、數(shù)控、自動控制、計算機應(yīng)用等多門學(xué)科、專業(yè)知識的綜合運用。
我的設(shè)計課題是DK7732數(shù)控電火花線切割加工機床。DK為數(shù)控電加工機床,77為電火花線切割機床。32為機床工作臺寬度。
此次設(shè)計包括機床的總體布局設(shè)計,橫向進給,縱向進給設(shè)計。其中還包括齒輪的強度計算,滾珠絲桿校核,軸承壽命的驗算。控制系統(tǒng)部分包括步進電機控制電路和脈沖電源電路,這是數(shù)控電火花加工機床的重點設(shè)計部分,也是難點。步進電機電路設(shè)計包括硬件電路設(shè)計和軟件系統(tǒng)設(shè)計。詳細說明了芯片的擴展、鍵盤顯示器接口的設(shè)計等等。脈沖電源電路采用高低壓復(fù)式脈沖電源,它是由晶體管及分立元件組成的電路,輸出高低壓復(fù)式脈沖,可以同時供給兩個放電間隙加工,提高生產(chǎn)效率。
關(guān)鍵字:數(shù)控電火花線切割加工、主軸運動、步進電機、脈沖電源
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南華大學(xué)機械工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)
Abstract
Wire electrical-discharge machining(wire-EDM)I is an adaptation of the basic EDM process,which can be used for cutting complex two-and three-dimensional shapes through electrically conducting materials. wire-EDM is most commonly used for the fabrication of press stamping dies, extrusion dies, powder composition dies, profile gages, and templates. Complicated cutouts can be made in difficult-to-machine metals without the need for high-cost grinding or expensive shaped EDM electrodes.Because the technology of wire electrical-discharge machining is the technology of mechatronics, and it is the integrate application of many subjects and professional knowledge , for example mechanism、electrician、electron、numerical control、auto control and computer application.
My design subject is DK7732 numerical control electrical-discharge perforation molding machining tool. DK means numerical control machining tool. 77means wire electrical-discharge perforation molding machining tool. 32 means the width of tool’s worktable.
The design contains collectivity distribution design, landscape orientation feed design, portrait feed design, circumgyrate worktable design. It still includes intension calculation of gear wheel, the checking of ball bearing pole and the calculation of axis gearing life-span. The controlling system part contains the circuit of step-by-step electromotor control and the circuit of pulse electrical source. This part is the most important part of numerical control electrical-discharge machining tool, and it is very hard for me. The design of step-by-step electromotor control includes hardware circuit design and software system design. It explains the enlarging of CMOS chip and the design of keyboard display interface. The circuit of pulse electrical source uses high and low voltage pulse electrical source. The circuit is composed by transistor and unattached elements, it exports high and low voltage pulse, which can apply with two electrical-discharge interval and improve productivity.
Key words: Numerical control wire electrical-discharge machining, principle axis motion , step-by-step electromotor, pulse electrical source
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