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1、Subject-Verb Agreement 主謂一致,Grammar,主謂一致，即句子的謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)要和句子的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。,原則,語法一致,意義一致,就近一致,主謂一致,I.并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí),II.集體名詞作主語時(shí),III.表示數(shù)量概念的名詞詞組作主語時(shí),IV.表示非確定數(shù)量的名詞詞組作主語時(shí),V.以s為結(jié)尾的名詞詞組做主語時(shí),主謂一致,VI.“the+形容詞/過去分詞作主語時(shí),VII.從句,V-ing形式,不定式作主語時(shí),用 and 或 bothand 連接兩個(gè)不同概念的名詞或主語時(shí)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語.,A young man and a girl _ (want) to
2、go there. The singer and the writer _ (be) famous to many people. Both brother and sister _ (be) students.,(I)1.,want,are,are,當(dāng)and連接的為同一人、事或概念時(shí)，這時(shí)and后的名詞前沒有冠詞，其動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).,The singer and writer _ (be) famous to every one. A knife and fork _ (be) on the table. Bread and butter _ (be) a good kind of food.,
3、2.,常見的由and連接的指一個(gè)概念的有：the needle and thread, salt and water, the fork and knife, soup and water, iron and steel等。,is,is,is,當(dāng)兩個(gè)并列的名詞前有each, every, no, many a等修飾時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.,Every boy and every girl_ (go ) to school now. No sound and no voice _ (be) heard. Each man and each woman _ (have) work.,3.,goes
4、,was,has,以連詞or,eitheror,nor,neither nor，not onlybut (also).連接的名詞或代詞作主語和“There be”句型中謂語與其相鄰的保持一致，即就近一致。,Tom or you _ (have) to go there. Neither Mary nor I _ (be) wrong. Not only I but also my sister _ (want) to work here. There _ (be) a book and two pens on the desk. There _ (be) two pens and a book
5、 on the desk.,4.,have,am,wants,is,are,當(dāng)主語后接 with,together with,along with,but ,as well as,like,rather than,except, besides,including等介詞短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞仍與前面的主語一致，即就遠(yuǎn)原則。,A man with his dog _ (come) every day to our house. No one but Jack and Mary _ (want) to go to the park. Jack as well as his friends _ (be)
6、ready to help you.,comes,wants,is,5.,當(dāng)集合名詞group,class,team,army family,crowd,public,government等 作主語時(shí)，如視為整體，謂語動(dòng)詞用單 數(shù)，視為一個(gè)個(gè)的個(gè)體，就用復(fù)數(shù)。,My family _ (be) a large one. My family all _ (love) music. Our group _ (be) reading the newspapers. This group _ (be) the best one.,(II).,is,love,are,is,注：有些集合名詞如people
7、、cattle等在任何情況下都與復(fù)數(shù)形式搭配, people（民族）除外。,“百分?jǐn)?shù)/分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，謂語 形式要與of后邊的名詞保持一致。,Twenty percent of the workers in the factory _ (be) women. Seventy percent of the water _ (be) polluted. Three-fourths of the earths surface _ (be) covered by water.,are,was,is,(III)1.,表示重量、距離、金錢、一段時(shí)間及由one and a half修飾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主
8、語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式：,Ten years _ (be) a long time. Five times five _ (be) twenty-five. One and a half apples _ (be) lying on the plate.,2.,is,is,is,當(dāng)主語是“all,some,most,none+of+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)表示非確定數(shù)量時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要,Most of my money _ (be) stolen. Most of the students _ (be)present at the meeting. All of the work _ (have) been
9、 done. All of them _ (be)saved.,(IV)1.,was,were,has,were,與of 后的名詞保持一致,Many a, more than one+單數(shù)名詞構(gòu)成的短語做主語，盡管意義上是復(fù)數(shù)，但謂動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。,Many a student _ (have) that kind of chance. More than one student _ (believe) this story. More than one shop _ (be) stolen last night.,2.,has,believes,was,Translation,不只一個(gè)學(xué)生看過
10、那部電影。 很多房子已被暴風(fēng)雨摧毀了。,More than one student has seen the film.,Many a house has been damaged in the storm.,若主語是由“a/this+kind/sort/type of+名詞”構(gòu)成，謂語動(dòng)詞用,This kind of man _ (annoy使生氣) me. This sort of apples _ (be) expensive. That type of men _ (be) dangerous.,3.,但若在kind/sort/type之前的限定詞是these/those，同時(shí)of后的
11、名詞又是復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。,These kinds of men _ (annoy) me.,annoys,is,is,annoy,單數(shù)。,(V).名詞如trousers, pants, shorts, glasses, scissors以及clothes, goods等做主語，謂動(dòng)要用復(fù)數(shù)；但當(dāng)這類詞前有a/the pair of修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。,“The+形容詞/過去分詞”表示一類人或事物時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù).,The poor _ (be) to be helped. The wounded _ (be) being taken good care of. Chinese _
12、 (be) difficult to learn. The Chinese _ (be) very hard working. There is an old man and a young man in the room now. The old _ (be) the father of the young.,are,are,is,are,is,(VI),(VI) 從句、不定式、-ing形式做主語的主謂一致,What we need _ (be) more time. What we need _ (be) doctors.,1. 在以what從句作主語的”主系表“結(jié)構(gòu)中 主句的謂語動(dòng)詞要以
13、表語名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。,is,are,2. 動(dòng)詞不定式、-ing形式做主語， 謂語動(dòng)詞用,To learn English well _ (be) difficult.,is,is,is,Seeing _ (be) believing.,Writing stories _ (be) what I enjoy most.,單數(shù)。,3.以who, why, how, whether或that引導(dǎo)的主語從句做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。,Why she did this _ (be) not known.,由how and why, when and where引導(dǎo)的從句做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。,W
14、hen and where we will have the meeting _ (have)not been decided.,is,has,Translation.,1.除了我以外沒人知道這事。,No one except me knows about it.,2.這個(gè)男孩想要的是幾本書。,What the boy wants are some books.,3.一千美元太貴。,One thousand dollars is too expensive.,4.The writer and actor comes from America.,這位作家及演員來自美國。,4. 某些名詞以s結(jié)尾如
15、maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。 Physics is a very interesting subject. 物理是一門很有趣的學(xué)科。,The news _ (make) us feel very happy.,makes,5. 不定代詞all, more, some, any, none作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞視情況而定。,All of the apples _rotten. 所有的蘋果都爛了。 All of the apple _rotten. 整個(gè)蘋果都爛了。,are,is,None of the money_ left.
16、 None of the students _ there.,is,is,6. 以a number of（許多），varieties of(各種各樣)修飾名詞 作主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù); 以the number of （的數(shù)量）和the variety of （的種類）修飾名詞作主語時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 A number of new books are on the desk. The number of students in you class is 50.,7. 有些名詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣, 作主語的時(shí)候, 其謂語動(dòng)詞由上下文決定, 這一類名詞有: means, works, d
17、eer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。 Not every means is useful. 不是每種方法都好使。 Not all means are useful. 不是所有的方法都好使。,8. a (large) quantity of 修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞, 其短語作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 A large quantity of people is needed here.,quantities of 修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,其短語作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)。例如: Quantities of food (nuts) were on the tabl
18、e. 短語in quantity, in large quantities 意為 “大量”; in small quantities 意為“少量”。,9. 定語從句的關(guān)系代詞who, which, that在從句中作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要與先行詞的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。 Those who enjoy singing may join us. Tom, who is your friend, should help you.,1). He is one of the players who _ taken the first prize. (have) 2). He is the only one o
19、f the players who _ taken the first prize. (have),have,has,Please make the best choice!,歷年高考題 The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 2.E-mail,as well as telephone,_ an important part in daily comm
20、unication. A.is playing B.have played C.are playing D.play 3.Most of his spare time _spent in reading. A. are B. were C. was D. have been,4.Bob is one of my friends who _ helping me to study. A.is B.are C.need D.needs 5.He is the one of the students who_ praised at the meeting. A.was B.were C.is D. are 6.Every means _ been tried since then. A. has B. were C. was D. has been,主謂一致,I.并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí),II.集體名詞作主語時(shí),III.表示數(shù)量概念的名詞詞組作主語時(shí),IV.表示非確定數(shù)量的名詞詞組作主語時(shí),V.以s為結(jié)尾的名詞詞組做主語時(shí),VI.“the+形容詞/過去分詞作主語時(shí),VIII.從句,V-ing形式,不定式作主語時(shí),Goodbye !,
高中英語語法講解主謂一致課件.ppt
