高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 寫作基礎(chǔ) 語言手段十種課件.ppt

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考查寫作的目的就是考查考生整合信息，并用適當(dāng)詞語、句型或語言手段產(chǎn)生出連貫語篇的能力?，F(xiàn)介紹十類常用整合信息的語言手段，這在近年的廣東高考以及各地模擬寫作題中出現(xiàn)頻率非常高，考生掌握這些語言手段對提高寫作能力一定有很大的幫助。,【典型例題1】信息點(diǎn)： 人物 英國人查理德·阿維斯（Richard Avis） 出生日期 1974年12月1日 時間 2011年開始在世界各地尋找同年同月同日生的人。(2014年廣東高考),主要用于介紹人物、地點(diǎn)、產(chǎn)品、書名、節(jié)日等。,信息表達(dá): Richard Avis, a British man born on December 1st, 1974, started a project to have a global search for his time twins in 2011.,【即時練習(xí)】 1. (中秋節(jié))時間每年陰歷八月十五日，是中國最重要的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日之一。 信息表達(dá) The Mid-autumn Festival, one of the most important traditional festivals in China, falls on August 15th of the Lunar calendar every year.,2. 人物張海 年齡：22歲 身份：大學(xué)生 事跡 三進(jìn)著火的房子救出一名嬰兒。 信息表達(dá),Zhang Hai, a 22-year-old college student, rushed/dashed/ventured into the burning house three times to rescue a baby.,該語言手段要用到的詞語有很多，簡單的有about, on, as to等，復(fù)雜的有concerning, regarding, with respect to, with the theme of等。主要用于調(diào)查、采訪、討論、辯論、演講、介紹書名等文章中。,【典型例題2】信息點(diǎn)： 時間 上周末 對象 眼科醫(yī)生（eye-doctor）王教授 主題 我國中小學(xué)生近視（short-sightedness）問題。 (2009年廣東高考) 信息表達(dá) Last weekend, I had an interview with Professor Wang, an eye-doctor, concerning the issue of short-sightedness of school children in China.,【典型例題3】信息點(diǎn)： 效應(yīng)(這本書)引發(fā)中美教育方式孰優(yōu)孰劣的討論。 (2011廣東高考) 信息表達(dá) The book has received a heated discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of Chinese and American educational ways.,【即時練習(xí)】 3. 你校舉辦了創(chuàng)意作品比賽，請為校報寫一篇英語快訊，報道比賽的情況。 比賽目的 養(yǎng)成保護(hù)環(huán)境的習(xí)慣 主題 廢物利用 組織 者學(xué)生會 信息表達(dá) Aiming to cultivate the good habit of protecting the environment, the Students’ Union held a creative works competition with the theme of making good use of waste materials.,可用短語有according to sb. (根據(jù)某人的看法), in my eyes (在我眼里), in my view/opinion(在我看來，我認(rèn)為), from my personal perspective (從我的角度來看)，as for sb. (至于……，就……而言)，as far as I’m concerned (對我而言)等，句型有sb. believes/thinks/claims/argues，sb. holds the belief that, sb. told us that…，sb. pointed out that…(某人指出)等。主要用于調(diào)查、采訪、討論、辯論、演講和其他議論文等中。,【典型例題4】 (2013年廣東高考)信息點(diǎn)： 志愿者觀點(diǎn) ⑴ 厭倦地球生活、想體驗火星生活； ⑵ 如果成功，就是人類英雄。 信息表達(dá) Some volunteers hold the belief that they will be the heroes of human beings if they succeed. Moreover, they want to know what life is like on the Mars because they are tired of the life on the earth.,【典型例題5】(2012年廣東高考)信息點(diǎn)： 學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度 挑戰(zhàn)自我，永遠(yuǎn)為時不晚。 信息表達(dá) He believes that one is never too old to challenge himself.,4. 觀眾評價(《中國夢想秀》節(jié)目)： ⑴ 幫助許多平民百姓實現(xiàn)了他們的夢想，傳播正能量; ⑵ 不僅是一檔電視節(jié)目，還是一項公益活動。 信息表達(dá) The audience think highly of the program, claiming that the program, which has helped many common people realize their dreams, spreads positive energy among people. In their eyes, it is not only a TV program but also a public welfare activity.,【即時練習(xí)】,1.百分比的表達(dá)。如： ⑴ 70% of the…(注意：of后接名詞時一定要有the，但接us, them等代詞時不用冠詞) ⑵ seventy percent of the… ⑶ 70 percent of the… (注意：考生最易漏用of),2. 還有一些其他比例的表達(dá)手段。如： ⑴ 一半： half of the … =fifty percent of the… ⑵ 四分之一(25%)：a quarter of=25 percent of the… ⑶ 四分之三(75%)：three quarters of =75 percent of the…,3. 分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法：分子是基數(shù)詞，分母是序數(shù)詞，分子大于1時，分母用復(fù)數(shù)。如： 1/4: one fourth 2/3: two thirds 7/8: seven eighths 五個當(dāng)中有三個：three out of five, three in five 比例的表達(dá)手段主要用于調(diào)查、采訪、討論、研究報告、圖表等體裁的文章中。,【典型例題6】(2010年廣東高考)信息點(diǎn)： 相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)⑴ 吸煙人數(shù)：約3.5億 ⑵ 分布：男性75％, 女性：25％ 信息表達(dá) Currently China has about 350 million smokers, among whom 75 percent are men and 25 percent are women.,【典型例題7】 (2014江門一模)信息點(diǎn)： 信息點(diǎn) ⑴ 約70%(外來工)回家：家人團(tuán)聚，感 受家庭溫暖 ⑵ 約20%(外來工)不回：購票特難，交通擁擠 信息表達(dá) According to the survey, about 70% of migrant workers choose to go back home for the reason that they want to get together with their family members, feeling the warmth of family reunion. However, about 20% of them choose to stay instead of going back home because of the reasons that it is too difficult to buy tickets, and the traffic is crowded.,【即時練習(xí)】 5.采訪者中不愿網(wǎng)購的比例：28% 不愿網(wǎng)購的原因 ⑴ 容易買到劣質(zhì)產(chǎn)品； ⑵ 擔(dān)心個人信息被泄露。 信息表達(dá) 28% of the interviewees are not willing to shop online, arguing that it is easy for them to buy the products of poor quality, and that their personal information may leak out.,表“排位”要用到的詞語有：rank +（the+）序數(shù)詞，be +the+序數(shù)詞，be+ in the +序數(shù)詞+place等；也可以用“is the +形容詞最高級+范圍”來表達(dá)。主要用于調(diào)查、采訪、討論、研究報告、圖表、人物介紹、地點(diǎn)介紹、節(jié)目等體裁的文章中。,【典型例題8】 (2009年廣東高考)信息點(diǎn)： 基本信息 ⑴ 發(fā)生率：略高于50％ ⑵ 人數(shù)：世界第一 信息表達(dá) According to Professor Wang, a little more than 50% of the school children in our country are short-sighted, ranking the first in the world.,【即時練習(xí)】 6.翻譯 最近播出的電視連續(xù)劇《勇敢的心》的收視率排榜首。 信息表達(dá) Braveheart, one of the recently broadcast TV series ranks first among all the TV series.,7. 信息點(diǎn) 我，優(yōu)秀生，名列班前五，擅長英語，尤其是英語口語。 信息表達(dá) As an excellent student, among the top 5 in my class of 50 students, I’m good at English, especially spoken English.,8. 現(xiàn)狀 與數(shù)據(jù)世界人口70億，其中中國和印度人口分別位居世界第一、第二。 信息表達(dá) It is reported that there are currently seven billion people in the world, with China ranking the top most populated country of the world and India, the second.,短語： advise sb. to do…(勸某人做某事) 從句： ⑴ sb. suggests that… ⑵ sb. gives sb. a suggestion that… ⑶ It is suggested that…⑷ It is highly advisable that… ⑸ give sb. some advice on … 主要用于調(diào)查、采訪、討論、研究報告、圖表和其他議論文中。,【典型例題9】(2009廣東高考)信息點(diǎn)： 專家解讀 建議：不要過度用眼；多參加戶外活動。 信息表達(dá) He suggested that school children avoid overuse of their eyes and do more outdoor activities. 或He gave us a suggestion that school children should avoid overusing their eyes and take more outdoor activities. 或School children are advised not to overuse their eyes but to take more outdoor activities.,【即時練習(xí)】 9. 解決建議 出臺法規(guī)，要求給寵物辦理“戶口” (have an identity card) ，這樣發(fā)生事故時，寵物的主人才避免不了責(zé)任，這個問題才可得到緩解。 信息表達(dá) It is suggested that a regulation which requires pets to have an identity card should be introduced. In this case, if an accident happens, the pet’s master can’t avoid responsibility, and the problem will be relieved to some extent.,表目的的表達(dá)手段很多，用作不同的成分有不同的表達(dá)。 1.用謂語表達(dá)：aim/intend to do sth (目的是;旨在) 2.用狀語表達(dá)： ⑴ so as to /in order to /in an effort to do… (為了做某事) ⑵ with/for the purpose of doing sth (帶著……的目的；為了),⑶ in hopes/the hope of (懷著……的希望) ⑷ with dreams of doing (帶著…的夢想) ⑸ with the goal of doing sth (目的是) 3.用不定式作表語表達(dá)： ⑴ The aim/ purpose of sth/ doing sth is to do… (做某事的目的是) ⑵ Our goal is to do…(我們的目標(biāo)/目的是),⑶ The aim is to do (目的是) 4.用從句表達(dá)： ⑴ so that … (以便) ⑵ in order that…(為了) ⑶ in the hope that… (懷著……的希望) 可用于各種體裁和文體的文章中。,【典型例題10】 (2010年廣東高考)信息點(diǎn)： 目標(biāo) 所有室內(nèi)公共場所無煙實施時間： 2011年1月1日起 信息表達(dá) This decision, which aims to make all indoor public places smoke-free, will come into effect from the first day of 2011. 或This decision, aiming to make all indoor public places smoke-free, will be carried out from January 1, 2011.,【典型例題11】(2014年廣東高考)信息點(diǎn)： 時間 2011年開始在世界各地尋找同年同月同日生的人。 目的 理解不同文化中成功人生的含義。 信息表達(dá) He says the project is intended to give him a good understanding of what a successful life means in different cultures.,或 The purpose of this project is to understand the different meanings of a successful life in different cultures. 或 In order to understand /With the purpose of understanding the meaning of a successful life in different cultures, Richard, from 2011, began to seek time twins around the world.,【即時練習(xí)】 10. 節(jié)目的宗旨 幫平民圓夢，點(diǎn)燃(ignite)平民百姓對生活的熱情，甚至改變他們的人生 信息表達(dá) The aim of the program is to help common people realize their dreams, ignite their passion for life, and even change their life.,該手段是應(yīng)用最廣泛的手段，可以說無處不在，其表達(dá)手段也很多，且用于各種體裁和文體的文章中 介詞短語： because of , due to, owing to, thanks to, for the reason that+從句, as a result of等 從句：because, as, since, so…that… 句式：The reason for/why…is that…(……的原因是……),述說多種原因： ⑴ The reasons why I choose…. are as follows: to begin with, … What’s more, … Last but not the least, …. ⑵ There are several reasons accounting for my choice of …. First, … Second,… Third, … ⑶ My reasons are as follows. For one thing, … and for another (thing), ….,【典型例題12】(2009廣東高考)信息點(diǎn)： 專家解讀 ⑴ 原因：很復(fù)雜 ⑵ 治療：沒有哪一種藥物能治愈近視 信息表達(dá) He also pointed out that the causes of short-sightedness are so complicated that no medicine can cure it. 或Due to the complication of shortsightedness, no medicine can cure it, Professor Wang told us.,【典型例題13】(2013年廣東高考)信息點(diǎn)： 專家觀點(diǎn) ⑴ 火星條件太艱苦； ⑵ 面臨嚴(yán)寒氣候、孤獨(dú)和恐懼。 信息表達(dá) Some experts think that the living conditions on the Mars are hard because it is difficult for the volunteers to face the cold weather, loneliness and fear.,【典型例題14】 (2013上海)要點(diǎn)： 上海博物館擬舉辦一次名畫展，現(xiàn)就展出場所（博物館還是社區(qū)圖書館）征集公眾意見，假設(shè)你是王敏，給上海博物館寫一封信表達(dá)你的想法。 ［寫作內(nèi)容］ 說明你的理由(從便利性、專業(yè)性等方面對這兩個場所進(jìn)行對比)。,信息表達(dá) In my opinion, it is more advisable to hold the art exhibition in Shanghai Museum than in community libraries. My reasons are as follows. On one hand, it is more convenient for people to get to Shanghai Museum which is located in the center of the city.,And the museum is much more spacious than community libraries, which provides visitors with a more comfortable environment for appreciating art. On the other hand, as a well-known museum, Shanghai Museum is more professional and experienced in holding art exhibitions. Its professional security guards and advanced facilities can better protect those famous paintings from being damaged or stolen.,【即時練習(xí)】 11. 選擇文科或理科的理由。(述說多個理由) 信息表達(dá) There are several reasons accounting for my choice of science. First, science graduates are in greater demand than art ones in China. Second, the science major can help me achieve my childhood dream of becoming a scientist. Third, my parents wish me to study science at college because they believe I will have a brighter future as a science student. Last but not the least, my physics teacher is my role model, whose influence on me have a lot to do with my decision.,表達(dá)對比的語言手段主要有：in comparison to(與……相比) , compared with/ to (與……比起來)，in comparison /in contrast(相比之下), while (而，卻)， however (然而)，on the contrary (相反的是)等。主要用于調(diào)查、圖表、研究報告、觀點(diǎn)對比等體裁的文章中。,【典型例題15】 (2007年廣東高考)信息點(diǎn)：,男女生在以明星為偶像方面的差異。 信息表達(dá) The survey shows that half of the girls choose film and TV stars as idols, while 48% of the boys favour sports stars.,【典型例題16】 (2013福建卷)要點(diǎn)表達(dá)：,描述漫畫內(nèi)容： 信息表達(dá) From the picture we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet. The son, well dressed, waves proudly in the middle while the father behind bends forward to hold the jacket and the mother in front rolls out the carpet, sweating.,【即時練習(xí)】 12. 翻譯 ____________________________(和手寫日記相比), micro blogs are far more flexible. They can be used to expose corruption(腐敗) and injustice. For example, without micro blogs we would not have known about the “Guo Meimei incident”.,Compared with a written diary,13. 信息點(diǎn)⑴ 中國青少年：對海外留學(xué)感興趣； ⑵ 日本青少年：最不愿意到國外留學(xué)。 信息表達(dá) Chinese teenagers show an interest in overseas studies, while Japanese teenagers are the least willing to study abroad. 或Compared with Chinese teenagers who show an interest in overseas studies, Japanese teenagers are the least willing to study abroad.,該手段的應(yīng)用范圍很廣，僅次于原因的表達(dá)手段，可應(yīng)用于各種體裁的文章中。主表達(dá)手段有： 1. such as/ like/ such…as… (后接名詞、動名詞，不能接句子和動詞原形) 2. For instance,…./ For example, …(前后有標(biāo)點(diǎn)，后接句子) 3. Take sb. or sth for example/ Take sb. or sth as an example(用于舉一個例子),【典型例題17】 (2014年廣東高考)信息點(diǎn)： 職業(yè)包括政府官員、運(yùn)動員、司機(jī)、教師、藝術(shù)家等。 信息表達(dá) They are from almost all walks of life, such as government officials, athletes, drivers, teachers, artists and so on.,14. 信息點(diǎn) ⑴ 假設(shè)你是某大學(xué)的學(xué)生李津，你校英語俱樂部將選舉新一屆副主席，負(fù)責(zé)規(guī)劃、組織俱樂部的相關(guān)活動，你欲參選，請按以下提示，寫一篇競選演講稿。 ⑵ 組織校內(nèi)的活動的設(shè)想：舉辦講座、英語晚會等。 ⑶ 組織校際交流活動的設(shè)想：舉辦辯論賽、演講比賽等。,【即時練習(xí)】,信息表達(dá),Also, in order to improve our English and get more students interested in English, I intend to organize some activities at school like lectures and English parties and inter-school ones such as English debate competitions and speech contests.,15. 舉例說明你能為家長減負(fù)做些什么。 信息表達(dá) Actually there is a lot I can do to share mother’s daily burden. For example, I can help my mother with the everyday washing, bedroom cleaning, or at least prepare breakfast myself after school.,原創(chuàng)模擬,你校最近舉辦了一次募捐活動，請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容用英語寫一篇報道。 ［寫作內(nèi)容］,基本情況： ⑴ 組織者：校團(tuán)委和義工協(xié)會 (The School League Committee & Volunteer Association) ⑵ 時間：2014年9月27日下午3點(diǎn)至5點(diǎn) ⑶ 地點(diǎn)：學(xué)校一樓中央大廳( the Central Hall) ⑷ 主題：給山區(qū)學(xué)生獻(xiàn)愛心 ⑸ 捐助者：學(xué)校全體學(xué)生 ⑹ 募捐物品：衣物、書本、文具等,募捐目的： ⑴ 通過此次活動培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的愛心。 ⑵ 幫助四川大涼山區(qū)家庭貧困的學(xué)生繼續(xù)學(xué)業(yè)。 募捐情況： ⑴ 80%的學(xué)生捐出衣物、書籍、作業(yè)本、文具等一萬多件(item)，高三(22)班捐助最多。有一位不愿透露姓名的高三學(xué)生花了4000元零花錢購買藥品和文具捐到現(xiàn)場。 ⑵ 募捐所得已由義工協(xié)會成員送往捐助總站(the Donation Station)。,The School League Committee & Volunteer Association organized a donation activity (主題) with the theme of showing love for the poor students in the Central Hall of the first floor of our school from 3 pm to 5 p.m. on September 27th , 2014. (目的) The purpose of the activity was to cultivate the students’ sense of love and help the poverty-stricken students from mountainous areas of Daliang Sichuan Province to continue their study.,(百分比) 80% of the students in our school took an active part in the activity, donating more than 10,000 items, (舉例) such as clothes, books, stationery and so on with Class 22, Senior 3 donating the most. An unnamed Senior 3 student spent 4000 yuan of his pocket money on medicine and stationery and donated them to the scene of the donation. All of these items have been delivered to the Donation Station by the members of the Volunteer Association.,