高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法填空 高考真題研練課件.ppt

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廣東高考語(yǔ)法填空題，也許你已做多遍了，但還是請(qǐng)你認(rèn)認(rèn)真真再做一遍，并在解題的過(guò)程中思考：,1.短文體裁：記敘文、說(shuō)明文、還是議論文？ 2.主要考點(diǎn)：沒(méi)有提示詞的純空格題主要填了哪幾類(lèi)詞？ 有提示詞的題主要考查了哪幾類(lèi)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)？,◆2014年廣東高考真題,Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said 16 ___ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready. After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months 17 ______ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.,it,earlier,We 18 _________ (tell) that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week, 19 ___ for the week after. I didn’t understand 20 _____ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 21 ____ the reservation. What’s worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 22 ___________ (surprise) helpful.,were told,but,why,for,surprisingly,She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23 ______top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren’t charged extra. The next day, my brother and I went to the beach, 24 _______we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little 25 __________________ (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.,the,where,sunburnt /sunburned,本文講述作者與其兄弟去Miami(邁阿密)旅游度假，當(dāng)?shù)竭_(dá)目的地后，來(lái)到六個(gè)月前預(yù)訂好的賓館，卻意外被告知訂的房間是下個(gè)星期的，且該賓館房間已訂滿。正當(dāng)不知如何辦時(shí)，經(jīng)理出來(lái)了，將他們安排在留出來(lái)的VIP房間，且不另外收他們的錢(qián)，這真是個(gè)意外的驚喜。 16. it 在said后的賓語(yǔ)從句中缺主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)填代詞；指代前句中的Miami這個(gè)地方，應(yīng)用it，表示Miami是個(gè)很好的度假勝地。 17. earlier 在句中作狀語(yǔ)，依然用副詞；不變?cè)~性，可考慮用比較級(jí)；由時(shí)態(tài)had made，可知是“早在六個(gè)月前”就訂好了，故填earlier。,18. were told 由句意或tell sb. sth.這一句型可知，此處的tell后沒(méi)有別的人作賓語(yǔ)，可知用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，意為“我們被告知”；又由上下文的時(shí)態(tài)可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故用tell的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；主語(yǔ)是we，構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的be的一般過(guò)去式用were。 19. but 這是表示“不是……而是……”的not… but…句型，意為“預(yù)訂的不是那周，而是之后的那一周”。 20. why 意為“我不知道為什么會(huì)發(fā)生這樣的事”，故用why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。順便提提，填表示方式的how (=in what way)本不妥，但閱卷場(chǎng)中也給分，表示“我不知道怎么會(huì)這樣”。,21. for 因charge…for… (為……收費(fèi)……)是習(xí)慣搭配。 22. surprisingly 因本句已有作表語(yǔ)的形容詞helpful，所以應(yīng)當(dāng)用副詞來(lái)修飾形容詞helpful,指“令人驚訝地，意外地”，故填surprisingly。 23. the 特指“在頂樓(on the top floor)”。 24. where 先行詞是地點(diǎn)the beach且在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)，故填where (=on which =and on the beach =and there)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。順便說(shuō)說(shuō)，填and的考生，在閱卷時(shí)也給了分。,25. sunburnt /sunburned 在表示“變化”的got后作表語(yǔ)，要用形容詞；sunburn是名詞，其形容詞形式是sunburnt或sunburned。順便提提，不少老師，包括閱卷組大學(xué)老師，認(rèn)為本題是考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，但事實(shí)上，不論最權(quán)威的牛津或朗文詞典，還是柯林斯或劍橋詞典，對(duì)sunburn只注明一種詞性，那就是名詞，既然是名詞，它怎么可能有過(guò)去分詞呢？同時(shí)，在此條目下也可看到其形容詞形式sunburnt /sunburned，再翻開(kāi)人教版模塊四第二單元，sunburnt注為形容詞?？梢?jiàn)，本題是給出名詞，填其形容詞形式，屬詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)換。,2013年廣東高考真題,One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he 16 ______(find) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much 17 ___ too little.” His son looked surprised.,found,nor,“I can understand why I shouldn’t pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, 18 ____ not save a bit of money?” “That would be a very 19 _________ (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said. Nick’s guests, 20 _____ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.,why,reasonable,who,Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt 21 __ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 22 ____ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”,at,for,“But such a small thing couldn’t 23 _______ (possible) destroy a village.” “In the beginning, there was only 24 ___ very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always 25 ________(think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”,possibly,a,thinking,21. at 因名詞a low price在句中不作主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ), 應(yīng)為介詞的賓語(yǔ)；根據(jù)習(xí)慣搭配, 表示“以”某種價(jià)格, 用介詞at。順便說(shuō)說(shuō), “以”某種速度行駛, 也用at, 如at (a) very slow speed以很慢的速度。 22. for 固定搭配show respect for sb. ／sth. 表示“尊重”。 23. possibly 修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ), 用副詞。注意：以-ble接尾的形容詞, 其副詞形式通常是-bly, 又如probable→ probably, terrible→ terribly, comfortable→ comfortably。 24. a 因a small amount of(少量的)是固定搭配。 25. thinking 因everyone與think是主動(dòng)關(guān)系, 故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作added的伴隨狀語(yǔ)。,Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, 16 _________ (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he17_______ (buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.,2012年廣東高考真題,wearing,had bought,For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt 18 ________ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was probably the fact that she sat in 19___ last row.,pleased,the,20 __ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little 21_______ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didn’t stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, 22 ______ made her feel like a star.,If,harder,which,“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head. “Then I’d appreciate it if you didn’t wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when I’m speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher 23___ a few seconds and all the other students wondered 24______ the boy would do. Then he took 25______ off, gave a big smile and said, “That is cool.”,for,what,them,本文主人公瑪麗講述了一個(gè)來(lái)自紐約的戴墨鏡的很酷的男生第一天轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)到她班上上課的情景。 16. wearing 因已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞appeared，動(dòng)詞wear前又沒(méi)有并列連詞，即wear不是并列謂語(yǔ)，它應(yīng)是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨情況；又因he與wear是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。 17. had bought 在主格人稱代詞he后，顯然是作謂語(yǔ)；又因他不可能是買(mǎi)下了這個(gè)學(xué)校，故應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，故填had bought。 18. pleased 在系動(dòng)詞felt后作表語(yǔ)，用形容詞，表示“高興的”。,19. the 特指最后的那一排，或在序數(shù)詞前，用定冠詞。 20. If 因he thought…與he was wrong是兩個(gè)句子，且兩句之間沒(méi)有關(guān)聯(lián)詞，必定是填關(guān)聯(lián)詞；根據(jù)兩句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，應(yīng)填表示條件的If。意為“要是他想坐在后排就可以逃避老師注意，那他就錯(cuò)了”。 21. harder 作賓補(bǔ)依然是要用形容詞，所以不用詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)換，可考慮比較級(jí)；句中a little修飾比較級(jí)harder，表示“更難一點(diǎn)”。,22. which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是前面整個(gè)句子。 23. for 表示某個(gè)動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)延續(xù)了多久，用“for +時(shí)間段”。 24. what 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作do的賓語(yǔ)，故用連接代詞。 25. them 代替前面的those glasses，作took off的賓語(yǔ)，用人稱代詞的賓格。,2011年廣東高考真題,One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment 16 ____ (late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 17 ____ the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back，and then I noticed a man 18______ (sit) at the front. He 19______________ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be 20 ________ (mental) disabled.,later,until,sitting,was pretending,mentally,Behind him were other people to 21 ______ he was trying to talk，but after some minutes 22_____ walked away and sat near me，looking annoyed. I didn’t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him 23___ his own either.,whom,they,on,After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had 24 ___ amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home. I’m glad I made a choice. It made 25____ of us feel good.,an,both,本文作者通過(guò)記敘一次在公交車(chē)上遇到一個(gè)智障人的經(jīng)歷告訴我們不應(yīng)當(dāng)歧視殘疾人。 16. later 句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，需要副詞作狀語(yǔ)，而late(遲，晚)本身可作副詞，因此，不必作詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)化，可想到用其比較級(jí)形式，故填later；later that day指“那天晚些時(shí)候”。 17. until 空格前后都是句子且這兩個(gè)句子之間沒(méi)有關(guān)聯(lián)詞，應(yīng)填關(guān)聯(lián)詞；由兩句之間的邏輯關(guān)系可知，是“等到車(chē)來(lái)”，表示“直到”用until，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 18. sitting 已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞noticed，且sit前沒(méi)有并列連詞，因此，sit是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；由固定句式notice sb. doing/do sth.(注意到某人在做/做了某事) 可知，可填sitting或sit，但我們認(rèn)為，根據(jù)文中提供的情境，填sitting更切實(shí)際、也更生動(dòng)。,19. was pretending 在主語(yǔ)He后，pretend顯然是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；由語(yǔ)境可知，是敘述過(guò)去的經(jīng)歷，用過(guò)去式；又因句中g(shù)iving it (the tiger) a voice的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)當(dāng)是He，因此，and giving與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是并列關(guān)系；由此推斷，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故填was pretending。 20. mentally 修飾分詞形容詞作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞。 21. whom 空格前后都是句子且這兩個(gè)句子之間沒(méi)有關(guān)聯(lián)詞，應(yīng)填關(guān)聯(lián)詞；后面一句應(yīng)當(dāng)這樣理解he was trying to talk to the people，可見(jiàn)，后面一句是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是people，直接在介詞后應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞whom引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。,22. they 因but后的并列句中缺主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)填代詞；根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，不難推出走開(kāi)坐到我附近的應(yīng)是他后面的那些人，即other people，指人，是復(fù)數(shù)，作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)當(dāng)填they。 23. on 固定搭配：on one’s own (=alone)。 24. an 短語(yǔ)搭配have a conversation (談話)。 25. both 作made的賓語(yǔ)，用代詞，由上文We (I and the mentally disabled man) had an amazing conversation可知，指作者和那個(gè)智障人“兩個(gè)人”，故填both。,2010年廣東高考真題,Ａ young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. 31____ water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder 32_____ had been his teacher. After a four-day journey, the young man 33_______ (present) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled 34 ______ (warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home 35_____ a happy heart.,The,who,presented,warmly,with,After the student left，the teacher let 36 _______ student taste the water. He spit it out, 37 ______ (say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher, “Sir，the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like 38 ___ ?”,another,saying,it,The teacher replied，“You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be 39 ________ (sweet).” We understand this lesson best 40 ______ we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace，the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.,sweeter,when,本文通過(guò)一位學(xué)生給老師送水的故事說(shuō)明，無(wú)論禮物是一個(gè)便宜的煙斗，還是一條鉆石項(xiàng)鏈，我們都應(yīng)表示欣賞與感激，因?yàn)檫@份禮物里包含著深深的愛(ài)意。 31. the 作主語(yǔ)的名詞water前應(yīng)填限定詞；特指前面提到的clear water，應(yīng)填The。 32. who 因空格前后都是句子，且這兩個(gè)句子之間沒(méi)有關(guān)聯(lián)詞，故一定是填關(guān)聯(lián)詞；由句意和邏輯可知，“這個(gè)長(zhǎng)者是他的老師”，可判斷空格后這個(gè)句子是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是an elder，從句中缺主語(yǔ)；替代先行詞且在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。,33. presented 動(dòng)詞present(贈(zèng)予)，在主語(yǔ)the young man后，應(yīng)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；由語(yǔ)境，即上下文的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填presented。 34. warmly 修飾動(dòng)詞smiled，作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞形式。 35. with 名詞a happy heart 在句中不作主語(yǔ)，也不作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，就應(yīng)是作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，空格處應(yīng)填介詞；由句意可知，是指這個(gè)年輕人“帶著”愉快的心情回家，表示“帶著”用with，介詞短語(yǔ)with a happy heart作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)went home。,36. another 作let賓語(yǔ)的名詞前，應(yīng)填限定詞；相對(duì)于送水的這個(gè)學(xué)生(the student)來(lái)說(shuō)，應(yīng)是給他的“另外一個(gè)”學(xué)生嘗一嘗，故填another。 37. saying 因句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞spit了，而say前又沒(méi)有并列連詞，所以say應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；又因he與say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 38. it 因及物動(dòng)詞like(喜歡)后缺賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)填代詞；由語(yǔ)境可知，是指代前面提到的“水(the water)”，故填it。,39. sweeter 在be后作表語(yǔ)，用形容詞，而括號(hào)中所給的sweet正是形容詞，因此無(wú)需詞性轉(zhuǎn)化，可想到用其比較級(jí)；根據(jù)句意“什么也不會(huì)比這更甜”即“這是世界上最甜的東西”，這是省略了than the water的隱性比較級(jí)，故填sweeter，用比較級(jí)形式表示最高級(jí)含義。 40. when 因空格前后是句子，且這兩個(gè)句子之間沒(méi)有關(guān)聯(lián)詞，故一定是填關(guān)聯(lián)詞；根據(jù)兩句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，填表示“在……的時(shí)候”的when，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。,