小學英語小升初總復習專題《1.動詞》訓練與復習

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1、優(yōu)翼,優(yōu)翼,優(yōu)翼,優(yōu)翼,優(yōu)翼,優(yōu)翼,優(yōu)翼,優(yōu)翼,優(yōu)翼,優(yōu)翼,優(yōu)翼,優(yōu)翼,優(yōu)翼,優(yōu)翼,優(yōu)翼,目標,動詞,目錄,一、動詞分類,,二、情態(tài)動詞用法詳解,,三、,be,動詞用法及練習,,四、助動詞,,五、綜合訓練,,回目錄頁,動詞-三單形式,動詞第三人稱單數(shù),,在一般現(xiàn)在時中，當主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，即常在動詞原形后加-s或-es,,,,,動詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化有以下形式：,,,1.,一般動詞在詞尾直接加,-,s，,-,s在清輔音之后讀/s/，在濁輔音或元音后讀/z/,ds讀/dz/,,,ts讀/ts/。如：help-helps/helps/,get,-,gets/gets

2、/,read-reads/ri:dz/,,2.,以字母x、s、ch、sh或少數(shù)以o結(jié)尾的詞加,-,es，es讀/iz/。如：teach-teaches/ti,:,t? iz/, wash-washes/,',w??iz/,3.,以輔音字母加,y,結(jié)尾的動詞，變,y,為,i,加,es,，,-ies,讀,/iz/,。如：,carry-carries/'k?riz/,fly-flies/flaiz/,注,：在,play-plays/pleiz/,say-says/sez/,中，字母,y,前為元音字母，第三人稱單數(shù)直接在,y,后加,s,即可。,,4.,以不發(fā)音,e,結(jié)尾的，直接加,s,，如果尾音是,/

3、s/,或,/z/,，加,s,后字母“,e”,與“,s”,一起讀作,/iz/,,5.,特殊詞例外。如：,be-is/iz/,have-has/h?z/,動詞-現(xiàn)在分詞,-,ing形式,動詞現(xiàn)在分詞形式變化規(guī)則,,,1.,一般情況在動詞原形后直接加,-ing,。如：,go-going,stand-standing,,2.,以不發(fā)音,e,結(jié)尾的動詞，去掉,e,再加,-ing,。如：,dance-dancing,ride-riding,,,3.,以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，末尾只有一個輔音字母的詞，雙寫最后一個輔音字母再加,-ing,。如：,swim-swimming,run-running,get-gett

4、ing,,4.,少數(shù)幾個以,ie,結(jié)尾的詞，須將,ie,變?yōu)?y,再加,ing,。如：,die-dying,lie-lying,動詞-過去式,動詞過去式的變化規(guī)則,,1.,一般情況下，動詞詞尾加,-ed,，如：,worked,，,played,，,wanted,，,acted,,2.,以不發(fā)音的,e,結(jié)尾的動詞，動詞詞尾加,-d,，如：,lived, moved,，,decided,，,declined,，,hoped,，,judged,,3.,以輔音字母加,y,結(jié)尾的動詞，把,y,變?yōu)?i,再加,ed,，如：,studied,，,tried,，,copied,，,cried,，,carrie

5、d,,4.,以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加,-ed,，如：,stopped,，,begged,，,dropped,，,planned,,5.,不規(guī)則動詞的過去式變化規(guī)律性不強，須多加記憶。,,go-went,，,make-made,，,get-got,，,buy-bought,，,come-came,，,,fly-flew,，,is/am-was,，,are-were,，,see-saw,，,bring-brought,，,,do-did,，,teach-taught, think-thought, say-said,，,sit-sat,，,read-read,，,

6、spend-spent,，,eat-ate,，,give-gave,，,sit-sat,，,,tell-told,，,write-wrote,，,feel-felt,，,find-found,，,,hear-heard,，,know-knew,，,put-put,，,grow-grew,，,take-took,，,catch-caught,，,come-came,，,become-became,，,swim-swam,，,,sweep-swept,，,sing-sang,，,draw-drew,不規(guī)則動詞的過去式大體上歸納有以下六條記憶法：,,,①以,t,結(jié)尾的詞，過去式與原形相同。如：,pu

7、t—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat,,②,以,d,結(jié)尾的詞，把,d,變成,t,。如,:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent,,③,以,n,結(jié)尾的詞，在詞后加,t,。如：,mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt,,④,以,ow/aw,結(jié)尾的詞，把,ow/aw,變成,ew,。如：,blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew,,⑤,含有雙寫字母的詞，將雙寫改為單寫，在詞尾加,t,。如：,keep—kept, sleep—slept, f

8、eel—felt, smell—smelt,,⑥,含有元音字母,o/i,的詞，將,o/i,變成,a,。如：,sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank,,回目錄頁,情態(tài)動詞用法詳解,回目錄頁,情 態(tài) 動 詞 的 定 義,,情態(tài)動詞是一種本身有一定的詞義，表示說話人的情緒、態(tài)度或語氣的動詞，但不能單獨作謂語，只能和其他動詞原形構(gòu)成謂語。,,,We can be there on time tomorrow.,,May I have your name?,,Shall we begin now?,,You must obey,（遵守）,the school

9、 rules.,情態(tài)動詞,否定式,縮略形式,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,can / could,may / might,must,shall / should,will / would,need,cannot / could not,can’t / couldn’t,~ + not,mayn’t / mightn't,~ + not,mustn’t,~ + not,shan’t / shouldn’t,~ + not,won’t / wouldn’t,~ + not,needn’t,情 態(tài) 動 詞 的 位 置,,情態(tài)動詞在句中放在謂語動詞之前，謂語動詞前若有助動詞，則在助動詞之前，疑問

10、句中， 情態(tài)動詞放在主語之前。,,I can see you. Come here.,我能看見你，過來吧。,,What can I do for you?,你要什么？,,,情 態(tài) 動 詞 的 特 點,情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化，情態(tài)動詞后面跟的動詞需用原形，否定式構(gòu)成是在情態(tài)動詞后面加“,not”。,個別情態(tài)動詞有現(xiàn)在式和過去式兩種形式，過去式可以用來表達更加客氣、委婉的語氣，時態(tài)性不強，可用于過去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)怼?,He could be here soon.,他很快就來。,,-We can't carry the heavy box. -I'm sorry I can't help you.

11、 —,我們搬不動這個重箱子。,—,對不起，我?guī)筒簧夏恪?情 態(tài) 動 詞 的 用 法,,表能力,,（,can, could, be able to, were / was able to,,）,,1.,表現(xiàn)在的或一般的能力：表示現(xiàn)在的或一般的能力用,can,或,be able to.,一般的能力是指你無論什么時候做什么事情就能做到的能力。表示現(xiàn)在的能力或一般的能力時，,can,比,be able to,更普遍。,表能力 ：表現(xiàn)在的或一般的能力，表示現(xiàn)在的或一般的能力用,can,或,be able to,。,,一般的能力是指你無論什么時候做什么事情就能做到的能力。表示現(xiàn)在的能力或一般的能力時，,c

12、an,比,be able to,更普遍。,,A computer can’t think for itself,，,you must tell it what to do.,（表示一般的能力）,,I am hungry. I can eat two bowls of rice now.,（表示現(xiàn)在的能力）,,2.,表示將來的能力,,,表示將來的能力用,will be able to,,If you have a good sleep, you will be able to work out this problem.,,3.,表示過去的能力,,（,1,）,could , was/ were

13、able to,表示過去一般的能力，即不表示做與未做某事。,,She could / was able to sing like an angel when she was a child.,3.,表示過去的能力,,（,1,）,could , was/ were able to,表示過去一般的能力，即不表示做與未做某事。,,She could / was able to sing like an angel when she was a child.,,(2) was/ were able to,表示過去有能力并且成功地做了某事,.,,The fire spread through(,蔓延,)

14、 the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out. (,過去有能力并成功地做了某事,),情態(tài)動詞其它用法要點,,cannot but + do sth.,表示“不得不，只好”。如：,,I could not but choose to go.,我只好去。,,2. May well,和,may as well,結(jié)構(gòu),,“,may well”,意為 “完全能，很可能”，相當于,to be very likely to.,如：,,He may well not recognize her because she has changed

15、a lot.,情態(tài)動詞其它用法要點,,2. may well,和,may as well,結(jié)構(gòu),,“,may well”,意為 “完全能，很可能”，相當于,to be very likely to,。如：,,He may well not recognize her because she has changed a lot.,,“,may as well +,動詞原形”意為“最好，倒不如”，相當于,had better ,,如：,,You may as well do it at once.,,We may as well stay where we are.,3. must,作“偏要、硬要

16、”做某事。如,:,,-How old are you, madam?,,-If you must know, I’m twice my son’s age.,情態(tài)動詞其它用法要點,4. may,作“可以”講時，其否定式常用,mustn’t,表示“被禁止”；,must,作“必須”講時，其否定形式是 “,needn’t”,,表示 “不必”。,,,— May I use your car?,,— No, you mustn’t. (,委婉的拒絕可以用,:,,,Sorry, I am suing it now.,或,You’d better not,等,),,may (might) “,可以,”，表

17、示說話人同意，許可或請求對方許可。,,,,You may take the book home.,你可以把書帶回家去。,,May I come in?,我可以進來嗎?,,May I use your dictionary?,我可以用你的詞典嗎?,,You may put on more clothes.,你可以多穿點衣服。,,He said he might lend us some money.,他說他可以借給我們一些錢。,,,5,.,must “,必須；應該；一定；準是”，表示說話人認為有必要做某事，命令、要求別人做某事以及對事物的推測。,must,用來指一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時， 過去式可

18、用,have to,的過去式代替。,,,I must finish my work today.,我今天必須完成我的工作。,,You mustn't work all the time.,你不能老是工作。,Must I return the book tomorrow?,我必須明天還書嗎?,,After such a long walk, you must be tired.,走了這么長的路, 你一定累了。,,He must be the man I am looking for.,他一定是我要找的人。,,He had to go because of somebody’s calling h

19、im that day.,那天他要走，因為有人叫他。,1.need “,需要”，多用在否定式或疑問句中。,,,Need I attend the meeting tomorrow?,我需要明天參加會議嗎?,,You need not hand in the paper this week.,這一周你不必交論文。,,,值得注意的是：,2.need,是一個情態(tài)動詞，他的用法完全和其他情態(tài)動詞一樣，但,need,還可當作實義動詞使用，這時,need,就像其他動詞一樣，有第三人稱，單復數(shù)， 后面加帶,to,的動詞等特性。,,,I need a bike to go to school.,我上學需要一輛

20、自行車。,,Do you need a dictionary?,你需要詞典嗎?,,She needs a necklace.,她需要一條項鏈。,3,.,will (would),表決心、愿望。,would,為,will,的過去式, 可用于各人稱。,,I'll do my best to catch up with them.,我要盡全力趕上他們。,,I'll never do it again, that's the last time.,我再不會做那件事情了,這是最后一次。,,He said he would help me.,他說他會幫助我。,,,,,will, would,用于疑問句表示

21、說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱蠡蛟儐?用,would,比,will,更婉轉(zhuǎn),客氣。,,,It's hot. Will you open the windows?,天氣太熱了,你能打開窗戶嗎?,,Will you help me to work it out?,你能幫我解這道題嗎?,,Would you like some coffee？,給你來點咖啡怎樣？,4,.,shall, should,表示命令, 警告, 允諾, 征求, 勸告, 建議, 驚奇。,,,You should hand in the exercise book.,你應該交作業(yè)本了。,,This should be no problem.

22、,這應該沒問題。,,Shall we go now?,我們現(xiàn)在可以走了嗎?,,Why should I meet him？,為什么我要見他?,回目錄頁,b,e,動詞,的用法,回目錄頁,am is are,一般現(xiàn)在時,be,動詞,的,種類,be,動詞,包括“,am”, “is”, “are”,三,種形式,。,,第一人,稱單數(shù),(I),配合,am,來,用。,,句型,解析,析：,I am+…,I am smart .,,I am ten years old.,,I am a student.,,I am a boy.,.,be,動詞,的,種類,第二人,稱

23、,(You),配合,are,使用。,,句型解析：,You are+…,You are my good friend.,,You are a good person.,,You are beautiful.,be,動詞,的,種類,第三人,稱單數(shù),(He or She or It),配合,is,使用。,,句型解析：,She(He, It) is +……,,She is a good girl.,,She is so cute.,,She is a teacher.,be,動詞,的,種類,人,稱復數(shù),(we /you/they),配合,are,使用。,,句型解析：,We (You, They) ar

24、e +…,We are in Class 5,Grade 7.,,They are my friends.,,You are good students.,連系動詞,be,是,am, is, are,三者的原形，一般不直接出現(xiàn)在句子中，而是以,am,,,is, are,的形式出現(xiàn)。因此,建議用歌謠熟記,be,動詞的用法,:,,我（,I,）用,am,,,你,(you),用,are,，,,,is,連著他,(he),、她,(she),、它,(it);,,,單數(shù),is,復數(shù),are,,,學好英語就靠它。,,變疑問，往前提，句末問號莫丟棄。 變否定，更容易，,be,后,not,莫忘記。 疑問否定任你

25、變，句首大寫莫遲疑。,,b,e動詞,的用法,be 動詞練習題,回目錄頁,用,am, is, are,填空。,,1. Who ______they?,,2. I_______ John Brown.,,3. What_______ his name, Peter?,,4. You ________ Tom.,,5. Maria and Jane,,______from Class 1.,,6. Her name ________Kate.,,7. It ______my English book.,are,am,is,are,are,is,is,He is Li Ming.,,Is he Li

26、Ming?,,,She is from Canada.,,一般疑問句,be,到前面去。,含有,be,動詞的,一般疑問句：,他是李明。,他是李明嗎？,她來自加拿大,。,她來自加拿大嗎？,,,Is she from Canada?,,,,,一、,I,,,am,Li Ming.,,,,____ ____,Li Ming?,注意：一般疑問句的第一人稱需變成第二人稱,。,一般疑問句：,我是李明。,你是李明嗎?,,Are,,you,回答：,Yes,I am. / No, I'm not.,二、含有,be,動詞的肯定句變一般疑問句,1.,1) I am,a student.,-,,_____,,____

27、_,a student?,2) They are,blue.,,_____,,_____,blue?,3) He is,Kangkang.,,_____,,_____,Kangkang?,,句子中有,be,，把,be,提到句首,,Are you,Are they,Is he,,1,2.,填空,2,3.,句型轉(zhuǎn)換,,3,1.,選擇題,1.-How are you?,,- _________,,A. How are you?,,B. Fine, thanks.,And you?,,C. Yes, I am.,,,,2. - Are you Li,ly,?,,-______

28、____,,A. Yes, I’m.,,B. No, I’m not.,,C. Yes, I’m not.,選擇題一,B,B,,,( )1. —Where ____ they from? —They’re from China.,,is B. am C. are,,( )2. —Is she Maria? —No, she ____.,,A. is B. isn’t C. aren’t,,( )3. —Are they from Canada? —No

29、, they ____.,,A. are B. aren’t C. isn’t,,( )4. —Is he Li Ping? —Yes, ____.,,A. I’m B. he’s C. he is,,,,,,選擇題,二,( )5. —____ you Mingming?,—Yes, I ____.,A. Are; are B. Am; am C. Are; am,,( )6. Mary ____ from Cuba.,A.is B. am C. are,,( )7. Her hair ____

30、 black and long.,A. has B. am C. is,,,,,,( )8.,,—What color ____ her shoes? —Black.,,am B. is C. are D. be,,( )9. These are my pants. His ____ yellow.,,A. is B. am C. are D. /,,( )10.,,My family ____ very big.,,

31、A. am B. is C. are D. does,,( )11.,,This pair of shoes ____ mine.,,His are over there.,,A. will be B. is C. are D. be,,,,,,( )12. My name ____ Jack. Liu Ying and,,Sun Mei ____ my friends.,,A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. is; am,,( )13. James is an English

32、 boy. He _____ from England.,,A. come B. isn’t C. comes D. aren’t,,( )14. —What class ____ your brother in?,,—He ____ in Class Two.,,A. does; is B. is; is C. are; / D. are; is,,,,二、用,am/ is/ are,填空,,1.,He _____my good friend,Jack.,,2. _____ you Lily? No, I am,Lucy,.,,3.I ____ Jane.

33、_____ you Tang Fang?,,4.How ____ you? Fine, Thank you.,,is,Are,am,Are,are,,5,.,_____,I??a?teacher?in?a?middle?school?,6,._____you?a?worker?or?a?student?,7,.She,_____,Lily's?sister.,8,.,______,the?student?from?America?,9,.These?books,_______,mine(我的）.,,10.,They,____,Mary's（Mary的）.,,用,be,動詞,(,am, is,

34、 are,),填空,Am,Are,is,Is,aren’t,are,,,11,. This __________ my teacher.,,12,. How __________ you?,,13,. __________ she your mother?,,1,4,. __________ your mother fine?,,1,5,. — How __________ he?,,— He __________ fine.,,1,6,. — __________ you Kitty?,,— No, I __________ not. I __________ Millie.,,1,7,.

35、My name __________ Simon.,,What __________ your name?,is,are,Is,Is,is,is,Are,am,am,is,is,用,be,動詞,(,am, is, are,),填空,,,18. — __________ they from Japan?,,— Yes, they __________.,,19. You __________ a teacher and I,,__________ a doctor.,,20. — __________ Daniel from Nanjing?,,— Yes, he __________.,,21

36、. — Who __________ this?,,— This __________ Kangkang.,,22. — __________ you a student?,,— Yes, I __________.,,23. — Where __________ Beijing?,,— It__________ in China.,Are,are,are,am,Is,is,is,is,Are,am,is,is,用,be,動詞,(,am, is, are,),填空,,24.,My mother __________ a teacher.,25.,Your sister _________ te

37、n years old.,26.,His students _________ all in the classroom.,27.,You and I _______ good friends.,28.,I _______ from Guangdong.,29.,Lucy _____ an English girl.,30.,She _____ in Class Two this year.,31.,You _____ our Chinese teacher this term.,is,is,are,are,am,is,is,are,用,be,動詞,(,am, is, are,),填空,三、句

38、型轉(zhuǎn)換(一),1.,1) I am a boy.,-,,_____,,_____,a boy?,2) They are black.,,_____,,_____,black?,3) He is Xiao Ming.,,_____,,_____,Xiao Ming?,,肯定句變一般疑問句,,Are you,Are they,Is he,,,三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換(二),,把下列句子改為一般疑問句：,1.I am twenty-nine.,2.I am in Class Five,Grade Seven.,3.We are from Beijing.,4.Her fath

39、er and her mother are teachers.,Are you twenty-nine?,Are you in Class Five, Grade Seven？,Are you from Beijing?,Are her father and her mother teachers?,把下列句子改為否定句：,1.I am twenty-nine.,2.I am in Class Five,Grade Seven.,3.We are from Beijing.,4.Her father and her mother are teachers.,I am not twenty-ni

40、ne.,We are not from Beijing.,I am not in Class Five, Grade Seven.,Her father and her mother aren't teachers.,be動詞的否定句：,,be動詞后加not,,助動詞,回目錄頁,什么是助動詞？,協(xié)助主要動詞構(gòu)成謂語動詞詞組的詞叫助 動詞（Auxiliary Verb）。被協(xié)助的動詞稱作主要動詞（Main Verb）。,,助動詞自身沒有詞義，不可單獨使用。如：,,He doesn't like English.他不喜歡英語。,,（doesn't是助動詞，無詞義；like是主要動詞，有詞義),,,

41、助動詞分為：基本助動詞，情態(tài)助動詞，半助動詞。,,,基本助動詞：be，do，have,,,情態(tài)助動詞：shall, will, should, would，could,分類及簡介,一、基本助動詞,助動詞be的用法：,,be +現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成進行時態(tài)。如：,,They are having a meeting.,,English is becoming more and more important.,,be + 動詞不定式，可表示最近、未來的計劃或安排。如：,,He is to go to New York next week.,,We are to teach the fresh perso

42、ns.,助動詞do 的用法:,,構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：,,Do you want to pass the English test?,,do + not 構(gòu)成否定句。如,：,,He doesn't like to study.,,In the past, many students did not know the importance of English.,,構(gòu)成否定祈使句。如,：,,Don't be so lazy.,,說明：構(gòu)成否定祈使句只用do，不用,did和does。,用作代動詞，例如：,— Do you like Beijing?,,— Yes, I do.,,（do用作代動詞，代

43、替like Beijing.）,,He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he?,,他知道如何開車，對吧？,二、情態(tài)助動詞,can/could,,指主觀能力。,,can指現(xiàn)在和將來。指過去的能力一般用was/were able to,,How long can you hold your breath under water？,,That is easy.I can do that tomorrow.,,表可能。,c,an 表可能時常用于疑問句和否定句，指某事是否事實。,,Can it be true?,,We can’t change a law.,,He

44、said he couldn’t agree more.,,表允許用于非正式場合。,,can在肯定疑問句中表要求,在否定句中表禁止。,,You can smoke in the entrance hall.,,Can you lend me 2 yuan?,,could,表示要求,時只用于疑問句，語氣更加委婉。,,Could you please fetch us a few cups?,,表感情色彩。表某種情緒。,,What can satisfy her?(不滿),,What else can you say?（不耐煩）,,How can I do such a thing ?(難辦),,

45、注意,,can與could 的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系,,c,ould是can的過去式，除去can的各種功能外，還用來表示語氣委婉。,,c,an和could還可以表示某人或某物一時的特點指“有可能有時會”。,,It can be very misty in this area.,,這里有時會大霧彌漫。,,He could be very proud.,,他有時會很驕傲。,,2、may與might,（1）表示可以做或可能發(fā)生的事,He may come soon.,,You may order a taxi by telephone.,,might用于間接引語；也,表示,客觀未實現(xiàn)的動作,,He said h

46、e might order a taxi by telephone.,他說他可以用電話定出租車。,,He might have fallen ill if he hadn’t take the medicine.,他如果沒服藥可能就病倒了,2、may與might,You may take the book home。,,你可以把這本書帶回家。,,May I borrow your bicycle?,,我可以借你的自行車嗎？,,Might I have a little brandy?,,我可以喝一點白蘭地嗎？,（2）,may,表允許,多用于肯定句和疑問句，正式場合,,,might 表允許時比m

47、ay更有禮貌。,,,表祝愿通常用may，此時句子用倒裝語序。,,May our friendship live long.,,Happy may your birthday be .,,May god bless you .,,might可用于虛擬語氣,,If you didn’t mind ,I might go there.,,如果你不反對的話，我可能就去那里。,,Why on earth didn’t he send to say that he was ill?We might have helped him.,,究竟為什么他不捎信來說他生病了？我們本可以幫助他的。,2.may 和 c

48、an,may較正式，而can口語化。,,May (might) I speak to you for a moment, professor?,,Can(could) I have a cup of tea,mom?,,could 有時也可表示推測，因此三者可以互換。,,He may/might/could be at the conference.,,may not 表示不可能時，重音落在may上。,,may not表示不許可時，重音落在否定詞上。,因此在書面語中，為防止歧義，表示不可能用can,',t,3 will/would,1.will /would,表請求，指將來，用于疑問句。此時,

49、would,更委婉。,,would you mind closing he door?,,Will you give her the letter?,,2.will /would,表習慣反復動作，用于肯定句。,,You will have your own way.,,你總是想怎樣就怎樣。,,3 will/would,will /would,表料想推測，指沒現(xiàn)在或?qū)?，用于二三人稱?？捎眠M行時指現(xiàn)在，完成式指過去。,,Hurry up . They will be waiting .,,快點，他們一定在等我們。,,He will have got home by now.,,他該到家了。,,推

50、測程度由高到低為,must—will—would—ought to—should—can—could—may—might,will /would,表意愿，用于第一人稱。,w,ill,指將來，,would,用于間接引語指過去的將來,I won’t argue with you .,,I said I would do anything for him .,,will /would,用于非人稱主語，表示固有的性質(zhì)傾向，通常用于否定句。,,The window won’t open.,窗戶打不開。,,The door won’t shut.,門關不上,,will/ would,表拒絕用于否定句即,w

51、on’t,,I won’t marry a man I don’t love.,,I won’t listen to your nonsenses .,,would,用于虛擬語氣,,I wish the rain would stop for a moment.,,You would answer much better if you were more attentive.,,,注意：比較would與used to,二者均可表示習慣,,不同之處在于，used to有現(xiàn)在已無此習慣的意思，并可表示一次性動作。,,I don’t swim so often as I used to.,,我不像

52、過去那樣常游泳了。,,,,,,,,shall的用法,,Shall除在一般將來時中用于第一人稱外，還有以下用法：,,表義務，用于第二三人稱。如：,,You shall do as you see me do. 你照我做的樣子做。,,He shall be punished if he breaks the rule.,,如果他不服從就要受到處罰。,,4.shall與should,,a.,在當代英語中，shall多用于正式法律文字。,如：,This law shall have effect in Scotland.,這部法律將 影響蘇格蘭。,b.表許諾，用于第二三人稱的肯定句和否定句。,如：

53、,1.,you shall have my answer tomorrow? 你明天可以得到我的答復。,2.,she shall get her share. 我可以得到她的一份。,c.表征詢意見，用于第一三人稱的疑問句。,如：,1.,What shall he do next? 下一步他要干什么呢？,2.,Let’s start tomorrow, shall we? 我們明天動身，好嗎？,I'm sorry that you should think so badly of me.,,你竟把我想得這樣壞，我感到遺憾。,,Three weeks should suffice

54、.,,三個星期可能足夠了。,,7.,用于虛擬語氣,,,表推測，暗含很大的可能。如,:,,I suggest that you should stay here as if nothing had happened.,,我建議你待在這兒，就好像什么事也沒有發(fā)生。,must,的用法,,1. must,表義務，后跟不定式一般式，可用于肯定句和疑問句。如：,,Children must form a good habit in their everyday life.,兒童必須在他們的日常生活中養(yǎng)成良好的習慣。,,Must he do it himself?,他必須親自做那件事嗎？,,2. must,

55、的否定形式表不許，后跟不定式一般式。如,:,,Journalists must not make mistakes in their newspaper reports.,記者不允許在新聞報道中出錯。,,3. must,表推測，暗含很大的可能，只用于肯定句。如：,,（,1,）,I don’t understand what they are saying. They must be foreign.,我聽不懂他們在說什么。他們一定是外國來的。,,（,2,）,Let’s have something to eat. You must be starving.,我們吃些東西吧。你一定餓了。,nee

56、d,的用法,,用作情態(tài)助動詞時，它只有一種形式，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后跟不帶,to,的不定式，主要用于否定句和疑問句。否定式為,needn’t.,,,助動詞dare,實義動詞dare,否定式,dare not,don,’,t(doesn,’,t,,,didn,’,t)dare,過去式,Dare/ dared?,dared,used to,的用法,1.,情態(tài)動詞,used to,只有一種形式，它后跟不定式一般式，可以表過去存在的習慣或狀態(tài)。如：,,,(1) In the past, people used to offer friends cigarettes when they met.,

57、過去，人們見面時經(jīng)常給朋友遞煙。,,,(2) Nowadays he gives fewer concerts than he used to.,如今他舉辦音樂會比從前少了。,,2. used to,的否定結(jié)構(gòu)卻有兩種形式。如：,,,(1) He used not to /usedn’t to smoke.,他過去不吸煙。,,,(2) He didn’t use to smoke.,他過去不吸煙。,,3. used to,的疑問結(jié)構(gòu)常用,do,的形式。如：,,,(1) Did he use to smoke?,他過去吸煙嗎？,,,(2) He used to smoke, didn’t he?

58、,他過去吸煙，對嗎？,be used to,結(jié)構(gòu)和情態(tài)動詞,used to,的區(qū)別：,,1.,在,be used to,結(jié)構(gòu)中，,be,是連系動詞，,used,是形容詞，,to,是介詞，因此只后跟名詞短語或動名詞。如：,,,Heavy smokers cannot stop smoking because they are used to nicotine.,,,吸煙多的人不能不吸煙，因為他們對尼古丁已經(jīng)上癮了。,,情態(tài)動詞,used to,前面沒有,be,，后跟不帶,to,的動詞不定式。如：,,,I used to get along very well with my cousin and

59、 we used to be very good friends.,,,我過去同我的表弟相處得很好，我們曾經(jīng)是好朋友。,注意：,半助動詞,半助動詞后的主動詞用不帶,to,的不定式。可以是一般形式也可以是進行體或完成體。,,(1)Why are you driving so fast in this area?you are supposed to know the speed limit.,,(2)Mother is still not quiet well. She is not supposed to be working so hard.,,半助動詞后的主動詞用不帶,to,的不定式?？梢?/p>

60、是一般形式也可以是進行式或完成式。,,(1)Why are you driving so fast in this area?you are supposed to know the speed limit.,,(2)Mother is still not quiet well. She is not supposed to be working so hard.,,助動詞的縮略形式,英語中有以下,24,個助動詞有縮略形式。其中,23,個有否定縮略形式，,10,個有肯定縮略形式。,助動詞,否定縮略,肯定縮略,am,無,’,m,is,isn’t,’,s,are,aren’t,’re,was,wa

61、sn’t,無,were,weren’t,無,have,haven’t,’ve,has,hasn’t,’,s,had,hadn’t,’,d,do,don’t,-,does,doesn’t,-,did,didn’t,-,shall,shan’t,’,ll,should,shouldn’t,’,d,will,won’t,’,ll,would,wouldn’t,’,d,can,can’t,-,could,couldn,’,t,-,may,mayn,’,t,-,might,mightn,’,t,-,must,mustn,’,t,-,need,needn,’,t,-,dare,daren,’,t,-,us

62、ed(to),usedn,’,t,-,注意：,,1. I am not,的疑問形式需用,aren’t (I),替代，如：,,I’m late , aren’t I,？,,2.,否定疑問句既能用否定縮略形式，也能用非縮略形式。試比較：,,綜合訓練,回目錄頁,一,、從方框中選擇合適的動詞填空。,(,每詞限用一次,),,,draw,,,clean, see, take, make, go, speak, climb, play, ride,,1,．,_______ a doctor 2._______ the room,,3,．,_____ pictures 4._____

63、 a bike,,5,．,_____ cartoons 6._____ mountains,,7,．,___ for a walk 8._______ English,,9,．,______ a snowman 10._____ sports,see,clean,take,ride,draw,climb,go,speak,make,play,三、根據(jù)句意及漢語提示完成單詞。,,1,．,Jane can _________(,跳舞,) for the party.,,2,．,In winter,，,I like to ________(,睡覺,),．,,3,．,

64、Look,！,The rabbit is __________(,跳,),．,,4,．,Let's go straight and _______(,轉(zhuǎn)彎,) left at the bookstore.,,5,．,You should take a deep breath and __________(,數(shù)數(shù),) to ten.,dance,sleep,jumping,turn,count,1,．,She wants to _____ the new film magazine.,,2,．,We didn't _______ the food yesterday evening.,,3,．,

65、I often _______ at home with my grandma on the weekend.,,4,．,We will ______ a picnic next Sunday.,,5,．,I _________ class at 3 o'clock.,buy,cook,stay,have,finish,五、單項選擇。,,(,,)1.The dress is very,nice.I'll,________ it.,,A,．,find,,B,．,try,,C,．,take,,(,,)2.Can you ________ me the way to her house?,,A,．,

66、give,,B,．,know,,C,．,show,,(,,)3.My sister Alice can ________ English very well.,,A,．,speak,,B,．,tell,,C,．,say,,(,,)4.I can ________ with my mouth.,,A,．,hear,,B,．,smell,,C,．,eat,,(,,)5.The shoes in the window are nice,！,Let's have a ________.,,A,．,see,,B,．,look,,C,．,watch,,(,,)6.Look,！,The light is,green.Let's,________ now.,,A,．,stop and wait,,B,．,go,,C,．,slow down,C,C,A,C,B,B,六、根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子。,,1,．,我會唱英文歌曲。,,I can _____ ______ _____,．,,2,．,我們要去看一部關于太空旅行的電影。,,I'm going to ______,______,_______ abou