2019-2020年中考英語 語法專題突破 專題七 形容詞和副詞 人教新目標(biāo)版.doc

2019-2020年中考英語 語法專題突破 專題七 形容詞和副詞 人教新目標(biāo)版考綱要求1.形容詞(包括比較級和最高級)2.副詞(包括比較級和最高級)考查點年份題號選項設(shè)置分值形容詞詞義辨析xx30thankful/careful/useful/helpful1分41heavy/full/much/long1分78asleep(單詞拼寫)1分xx31cute/strong/fast/straight1分47bored/tired/pleased/surprised1分54little/good/great/bad1分xx47good/bad/rich/poor1分xx33shy/friendly/crazy/healthy1分49sorry/active/lucky/nervous1分201154surprised at/interested_in/expected by/worried about1分形容詞副詞混合辨析xx42quick/quickly/useful/usefully1分xx42bad/badly/clear/clearly1分副詞詞義辨析xx33mainly/really/possibly/hardly1分xx51weakly/quickly/slowly/quietly1分xx52usually/ever/sometimes/never1分51often/ever/seldom/never1分201151even/only/still/ever1分形容詞副詞轉(zhuǎn)換xx77safesafely1分xx83politepolitely1分構(gòu)成例詞與形容詞同形low，fast，late，early，much，deep，little，hard，only，back，just，well，enough，long，high，slow形容詞后直接加lysadsadly；politepolitely輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞改y為i再加lyhappyhappily；angryangrily；busybusily輔音字母加le結(jié)尾時，去e加ysimplesimply；terribleterribly；gentlegently少數(shù)以e結(jié)尾的形容詞，要去掉e再加lytruetruly；duedulycloseadj./adv.靠近closelyadv.密切地highadj./adv.高h(yuǎn)ighlyadv.高度地freeadj./adv.免費freelyadv.自由地lateadj./adv.晚，遲latelyadv.近來deepadj./adv.深deeplyadv.深刻/深入地nearadj./adv.鄰近nearlyadv.幾乎/將近hardadj./adv.努力地hardlyadv.幾乎不mostadj./adv.最mostlyadv.主要地wideadj./adv.寬闊widelyadv.廣泛地分類位置例詞時間副詞一般放在句尾now現(xiàn)在then那時today今天tomorrow明天yesterday昨天before前面ago之前soon很快once曾經(jīng)，以前at first首先at last最后just now剛才at once立刻，馬上頻度副詞行為動詞之前或助動詞、情態(tài)動詞及be動詞之后twice兩次daily天天，常常weekly每周，每周一次every day每天every week每周every month每月always總是，經(jīng)常usually經(jīng)常often經(jīng)常，常常sometimes有時ever曾經(jīng)never從來不地點副詞一般放在句尾here這兒there那兒upstairs樓上downstairs樓下above上邊behind后邊everywhere每個地方anywhere任何地方方式副詞放在不及物動詞之后或及物動詞之前well好地，優(yōu)質(zhì)地badly壞地，劣質(zhì)地fast快速地hard難地；努力地happily快樂地loudly大聲地luckily幸運(yùn)地politely禮貌地quickly快速地really真正地safely安全地slowly緩慢地程度副詞被修飾的形容詞或副詞前，情態(tài)動詞或助動詞之后。enough修飾形容詞或副詞時須后置quite相當(dāng)，完全，十分 rather相當(dāng)，頗，有點 very非常 much許多 a lot許多 a little一點，一些 a bit少量 enough足夠 hardly幾乎不 almost大多數(shù)疑問副詞通常置于句首疑問副詞有when，where，why，how，how long，how soon，how often，how far等。疑問副詞常用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句。關(guān)系副詞用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句，放在句中關(guān)系副詞有when，where，why，how等，關(guān)系副詞常用來引導(dǎo)從句?？季V要求1.形容詞(包括比較級和最高級)2.副詞(包括比較級和最高級)考查點年份題號考查角度選項設(shè)置分值形容詞比較等級xx41形容詞最高級healthier/healthiest/thehealthier/the_healthiest1分xx31形容詞比較級better/best/a_better/the best1分52形容詞比較級greater/more natural/lower/more mon1分201134形容詞最高級difficult/too difficult/more difficult/the_most_difficult1分副詞比較等級xx31副詞比較等級early/earlier/the earlier/the earliest1分Dmore weak and weak()14.Lucy does homework _ than Tim.Acarefully Bmore carefulCmore carefully Dthe most carefully()15.A 100yearold man ran a marathon in Toronto on Sunday.He became the _ person to plete the longdistance running in the world.Aold BolderColdest Dmore old()16.The population problem may be one of _ problems in the world today.Agreat Bmore greatCthe greatest Dgreater()17.(xx滄州14中模擬)Can you tell me why you learn English so well?Its very simple._ you work，_ grades you will get.AThe harder；the bestBThe hard；the betterCHarder；betterDThe harder；the better【滿分點撥】一、形容詞、副詞比較等級的構(gòu)成1形容詞副詞比較等級的一般變化規(guī)則規(guī)則變化的形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級構(gòu)成方法原級比較級最高級一般單音節(jié)詞末尾加er，est。smallfastquicksmallerfasterquickersmallestfastestquickest以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞加r，st。nicefinenicerfinernicestfinest以輔音字母y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)單詞，先把y變?yōu)閕，再加er，est。earlyhappyearlierhappierearliesthappiest以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫末尾的字母再加er，est。redbigthinredderbiggerthinnerreddestbiggestthinnest部分雙音節(jié)詞或多音節(jié)詞在原級前加more，most。interestingimportantmore interestingmoreimportantmost interestingmost important2.常見不規(guī)則變化的形容詞和副詞原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest3.形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級的用法句型意義例句as形容詞/副詞原級as兩者比較，程度相同?！癮sas”結(jié)構(gòu)前可以帶表示程度的狀語，像quite，almost，half，twice，nearly等。This book is almost/nearly as thick as that one.這本書幾乎同那本一樣厚。His ability is not half as high as yours.他的能力不及你的一半。如果形容詞修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用as形容詞/副詞原級a(n)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式as。Tom is as good a person as his uncle.湯姆和他叔叔一樣是好人。This is just as good an example as the other one.這個例子和另外那個一樣好。如果指同一個人或物，應(yīng)譯為“不但而且”。Li Mei is as beautiful as she is clever.李梅不但漂亮而且聰明。not as(so)形容詞/副詞原級as兩者相比，一方不及另一方。This village isnt as(so)big as that one.這個村子沒有那個村子大。I didnt do my homework as carefully as you.我做作業(yè)不如你仔細(xì)。形容詞(副詞)比較級than兩者進(jìn)行比較。The sun is bigger than the earth.太陽比地球大。She usually gets up earlier than others.她通常比別人起得早。比較級and比較級越來越，多音節(jié)的用more and more形容詞或副詞原級。She is growing fatter and fatter.她越來越胖了。Our country is being more and more beautiful.我們的國家越來越美了。the比較級，the比較級越，越，如果“the比較級”修飾名詞作定語，名詞要緊跟在比較級之后。The busier the old man is，the happier he feels.那位老人越忙越高興。The more，the better.越多越好。The more money he gets，the more he wants.他得到的錢越多越想要。具體數(shù)字(如倍數(shù))asas是的倍。The city is two times as big as my hometown.這個城市是我的家鄉(xiāng)的2倍。具體數(shù)字、實物、倍數(shù)等比較級than形容詞與具體倍數(shù)等的比較。He is a head taller than I他比我高一個頭。This city is three times larger than that one.這座城市比那座城市大三倍。形容詞最高級介詞短語(比較范圍)(三者或三者以上)最的。He is the tallest boy in our class.他是我們班里最高的男孩。副詞最高級介詞短語(比較范圍)(三者或三者以上)最的。He works hardest in his class.他是班上學(xué)習(xí)最用功的一個。河北中考考點精練()1.(xx梅州中考)If overweight people eat less and take more exercise，theyll soon feel much_.AfatterBolderCbigger Dhealthier()2.(xx南京中考)Lisa was still very weak when she left hospital.But after a weeks rest，she felt much _ and went back to school.Agood BbetterCbad Dworse()3.(xx保定8中模擬)The fish tastes _，we have eaten it up.It is certain that she cooked it _.Agood；well Bwell；goodCwell；well Dgood；good()4.(xx杭州中考)My time in the middle school was one of _ periods of my life.AexcitingBmore excitingCthe more excitingDthe most exciting()5.(xx廣安中考)Who does homework _，Tom，Jack or Bill?Bill.Amore carefullyBmore carefulCmost carefullyDmost careful()6.(xx溫州中考)I fell off the bike on my way to school._，I wasnt hurt.ALuckily BSuddenlyCPolitely DRecently()7.(xx濱州中考)Teenagers should be encouraged to go _ and be close to nature.Ainside BbackCoutside Doff()8.(xx泰安中考)How are you getting along with your English study?Much better.I dont feel it as _as before.Ainteresting BmuchCdifficult Deasy()9.(xx連云港中考)Why are you looking_ in class all day?Because I cant finish my homework until eleven every night.Aawake BasleepCsleeping Dsleepy()10.(xx石家莊42中模擬)I hate vegetables.I_eat them.But they are good for your health! You should eat them every day.Aalways BseldomCoften Dusually()11.(xx聊城中考)Earthquakes always happen _，so it is difficult to know when they e.Ahopefully BsuddenlyCusually Dluckily()12.(xx滄州14中模擬)Lin Dan won the badminton game again.Yes，I think no one can do _ than him.Awell BbetterCbest Dgood()13.(xx天津中考)Lets open the windows to have some _ air here.Acheap BnervousCcareful Dfresh()14.(xx南充中考)Roy thinks he works as _ as his friend，Dan.Ahardly BharderChard Dmore hardly()15.(xx重慶中考B卷)I could _ hear what you said just now.Could you please say it again?Asometimes BalwaysChardly Dclearly()16.(xx泰州中考)I cant hear you _，something may be wrong with my telephone.Acarefully BclearlyCquietly Dslowly()17.(xx青島中考)This camera is too expensive.Id like a_ one.Acheap BcheaperCcheapest Dmore expensive()18.(xx萊蕪中考)Look! The boys are talking about the movie _.They always have so many fun things to share.Asadly BangrilyCnervously Dhappily()19.(xx南昌中考)Sally used to be _，but now she takes part in different activities and makes many new friends.Aactive BquietChonest Doutgoing()20.(xx濟(jì)南中考)Why not go to Sunshine Supermarket？You can buy everything _ there.Amostly BwidelyCcheaply Dheavily()21.(xx邢臺中考模擬)You had better put on a _ sweater since it is cold in the morning.Athin BcoolCthick Dheavy()22.(xx保定8中模擬)The baby is sleeping.Please walk into the room _.Aquiet BquietlyCheavy Dheavily()23.(xx廊坊中考模擬)Tomorrow is Anns birthday.Her mother is going make a _ meal for her.Abig BmonCquick Dsimple()24.(xx石家莊41中模擬)Im not hungry because I have _ had lunch.Aever BneverCjust Dstill()25.(xx衡水5中模擬)We dont want to speak badly or _ in front of the class.Aclearly BcarefullyCcarelessly Dproperly()26.(xx滄州中考模擬)My sister _ goes to bed early because she needs a lot of sleep every day.Aalways BsometimesChardly Dnever()27.(xx唐山9中模擬)Ill not be Jacks friend any more.Dont be angry.Hes just so _，but in fact hes good to us，you know.Ahelpful BdirectCpolite Dbrave()28.(xx承德中考模擬)With the development of modern science，its _ for us to get information from all over the world.Aslower BbusierCharder Deasier()29.(xx石家莊質(zhì)量檢測中考)Excuse me，would you please speak a little more_？Sorry，I thought you could follow me.Asadly BquicklyCpolitely Dslowly()30.(xx秦皇島中考模擬)Overseas experience may help make our life _ .So why not try to study abroad?Ausual BusefulCsuccessful Dtraditional()31.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測)We want to set off _ so that we can avoid the heavy traffic.Aearly BrecentlyChappily Dquietly()32.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測)The transportation in our country is much more _ than it used to be.But traveling bees much easier!Aconvenient BexpensiveCdifficult Dtrendy()33.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測)Is Tina an outgoing girl?No，shes kind of _.Her face always turns red when she speaks in public.Ashy BactiveCrelaxed Dfunny()34.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測)There has never been such a beautiful village _ in the world.Aanywhere BeverywhereCsomewhere Dnowhere()35.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測)Lindas father hates waiting in long lines.I think hes just not very _.Apatient BtalentedCpopular Dpowerful()36.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測)Im surprised that John is only 25.I thought he was _ ，for he seems to be in his thirties.Aold BolderCyoung Dyounger()37.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測)Emma always gets good grades in different exams because she is a_ girl.Ashy BfriendlyCpolite Dhardworking()38.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測)You look _.Whats up，sir?I cant find my ticket，but its time to check in.Asleepy BhungryCtired Dworried()39.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測)My new neighbor is so _ that he enjoys meeting and talking to people.Ashy BoutgoingCquiet Dsmart()40.(xx原創(chuàng)預(yù)測)I got home for my birthday from my college on Friday evening.No one was at home，and Mom and Dad hadnt left me a note.This made me _.Asurprised BhappyCangry Dexcited