2019高考英語一輪選練習(xí)題 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions（含解析）新人教版選修8.doc

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選修8　Unit 3 Inventors and inventions Ⅰ.閱讀理解 Oliver and the Seawigs by Philip Reeve Published by OUP Press ISBN: 978-0-192-73455-6 Oliver grew up in a family of explorers—but his biggest adventure is about to begin! Along with his new friends, Oliver goes off to look for his missing parents. I really like this book because it’s not one of those short stories that are over too quickly, but a longish book that takes time to read. I remend this book and give it 5 stars. Ginny, age 8 Lady Lydia: Read Me a Story by Anne Lavis Published by A H Stockwell ISBN: 978-0-722-34327-2 Lady Lydia is old and eccentric (古怪的), but she is never lonely. She shares her home with bats and mice and spiders, and all the animals round about are her friends too. My lovely daughter Alice likes all the pictures of the animals in this book, but she doesn’t like it when the pages have lots of writing on with no pictures. Alice rates this book 2 out of 5. Alice, age 4 I Am a Woolly Hat (EARLY READER) by Salma Koraytem Published by Orion Books ISBN: 978-1-444-00844-9 Early Readers are stepping stones from picture books to reading books. A blue Early Reader is perfect for sharing and reading together. This book makes my sweetheart Lucie feel lovely inside and the drawing are not as good because the colors are not bright like other books. Lucie rates this book 3 out of 5. Lucie, age 4 A Royal Fairytale by Ink Robin Published by Egmont ISBN: 978-1-405-26843-1 See Kate and Will’s romance develop from their studying days at Edinburgh through to their happy wedding at Buckingham Palace with the royal family, even the queen, in tow. My little angel Amy likes the book. The best parts are the wedding and fireworks as she likes fireworks and the colors on the page are really bright. Amy rates it 4 out of 5. Amy, age 4 1.Which book might an animal lover prefer? A. A Royal Fairytale. B. Oliver and the Seawigs. C. Lady Lydia: Read Me a Story. D. I Am a Woolly Hat (EARLY READER). 2.Who likes bright colors? A. Ginny and Alice. B. Lucie and Amy. C. Ginny and Amy. D. Alice and Lucie. 3.Whose book shows romance and happiness? A. Philip Reeve. B. Anne Lavis. C. Salma Koraytem. D. Ink Robin. 【文章大意】這篇文章為讀者推薦了一些書。 1.C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Lady Lydia is old and eccentric (古怪的), but she is never lonely. She shares her home with bats and mice and spiders, and all the animals round about are her friends too.可知一位動(dòng)物愛好者更喜歡閱讀Lady Lydia: Read Me a Story.選C。 3.D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由See Kate and Will’s romance develop from their studying days at Edinburgh through to their happy wedding at Buckingham Palace with the royal family, even the queen, in tow.可知Ink Robin的書表現(xiàn)了快樂和浪漫，選D。 二、完形填空 Im sitting at the airport watching people in the last minutes before their loved ones arrive or depart. A woman is running, in circles trying to gather family members together for a __1__. When the final moment es before __2__， she wraps her arms around her son, giving him a __3__ hug that should protect him until he __4__. I sit with a book in my hands, waiting my turn to leave __5__ because the ones I love have a different __6__ from mine. I think of other departures and arrivals. I __7__ seeing my daughter. I wrapped myself around her as if shed been __8__. That year she was in her first year at university, ing home for the first time. Today my flight is two hours late. When my flight is __9__ called, I gather my book and luggage. __10__ there is no one to see me off, I do not __11__ to see where I have e from. __12__， I think of my husband at work __13__ if I have left yet. As I head towards the plane, I find myself __14__ yet another arrival and departure. That year, my 91yearold grandfather died. After returning from his funeral, I arrived at the airport __15__. My husband of only a year was waiting at the gate to take me in his arms. Because of my tears, __16__ was looking at us, but I didnt __17__. Life needs the important __18__ all the time. I wish that all the people who went on a __19__ could e back to find someone __20__ them. I also wish they could leave with someone to see them off. 【文章大意】　作者在機(jī)場(chǎng)看到迎接與送行的場(chǎng)景，回憶起與女兒和丈夫的溫馨往事，意識(shí)到人生中需要?dú)g聚與離別這些重要的時(shí)刻。 1．A.lecture B．goodbye C．dinner D．party 答案與解析：B結(jié)合上文中出現(xiàn)的“arrive or depart”和下文中的“the final moment”可知，空處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)告別(goodbye)的場(chǎng)景，故選B。 2．A.gathering B．boarding C．a(chǎn)nnouncing D．landing 答案與解析：B根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示登機(jī)(boarding)前最后的時(shí)刻，故選B。 3．A.powerful B．gentle C．warm D．mon 答案與解析：A結(jié)合下文中的“protect him”可知，母親在兒子登機(jī)前給他一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的(powerful)擁抱，故選A。gentle“溫柔的”；warm“溫暖的”；mon“共同的，普遍的”。 4．A.leaves B．survives C．returns D．recovers 答案與解析：C根據(jù)語境可知，快要登機(jī)的時(shí)候，母親給了兒子一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的擁抱，自然是盼望兒子能一路平安并平安歸來，故選C。leave“離開”；survive“幸存，艱難渡過”；recover“恢復(fù)”。 5．A.frightened B．a(chǎn)nxious C．relaxed D．a(chǎn)lone 答案與解析：D根據(jù)空后的“... because the ones I love have a different 6 from mine.”和下文中的“there is no one to see me off”可知，作者是一個(gè)人(alone)，沒有人來為她送行，所以選D。frightened“害怕的，受驚的”；anxious“焦慮的，渴望的”；relaxed“放松的”。 6．A.schedule B．a(chǎn)ttitude C．position D．target 答案與解析：A根據(jù)語境可知，作者一個(gè)人離開是因?yàn)樗鶒壑硕加胁煌娜粘贪才拧chedule“日程安排，計(jì)劃表”符合語境，故選A。 7．A.imagine B．enjoy C．recall D．consider 答案與解析：C結(jié)合語境可知，作者回憶起(recall)女兒上大學(xué)第一次回家的往事，所以選C項(xiàng)。 8．A.stolen B．cheated C．lost D．punished 答案與解析：C根據(jù)語境可知，作者一把抱住女兒，好像她走失了很久。lost“丟失的，遺失的”符合語境。故選C。 9．A.punctually B．finally C．a(chǎn)bruptly D．repeatedly 答案與解析：B結(jié)合語境可知，作者等待很久之后，所乘的航班終于(finally)通知登機(jī)了，故選B。punctually“準(zhǔn)時(shí)地”；abruptly“突然地”；repeatedly“反復(fù)地”。 10．A.Although B．While C．Till D．Since 答案與解析：D根據(jù)語境可知，“10there is no one to see me off”和“I do not 11 to see where I have e from”是因果關(guān)系，所以空處應(yīng)用Since“因?yàn)?，既然”? 11．A.slow down B．get off C．look back D．run away 答案與解析：C既然沒有人來送行，作者不需要回頭張望(look back)。slow down“放慢，減速”；get off“下車，離開”；run away“突然離開，逃離”。 12．A.However B．Besides C．Instead D．Therefore 答案與解析：C結(jié)合語境可知，作者沒有回頭張望，相反地，作者想的是，還在上班的丈夫不知道作者是否已經(jīng)離開。故選C項(xiàng)。 13．A.doubting B．a(chǎn)sking C．predicting D．wondering 答案與解析：D參見上題解析。wonder if...“不知道是否……”符合語境，故選D。 14．A.remembering B．forgetting C．planning D．rejecting 答案與解析：A結(jié)合語境可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己記得(remembering)另一件以前的迎接與送行，故選A。 15．A.shouting B．crying C．laughing D．whispering 答案與解析：B結(jié)合下文中的“Because of my tears”可知，此處應(yīng)用crying。shout“大喊，喊叫”；laugh“大笑，笑”；whisper“低語，悄聲說”。 16．A.someone B．everyone C．none D．a(chǎn)nyone 答案與解析：B此處指的是，因?yàn)樽髡呖奁?，每個(gè)人(everyone)都在看著作者和她的丈夫。故選B。 17．A.care B．respond C．scold D．flee 答案與解析：A雖然大家都在看，但是作者并不在意(care)，故選A。respond“回復(fù)，作出反應(yīng)”；scold“訓(xùn)斥，責(zé)罵”；flee“逃離”。 18．A.arrival B．chance C．departure D．moment 答案與解析：D根據(jù)語境可知，人生中一直需要這樣重要的時(shí)刻(moment)，故選D。arrival“到達(dá)”；chance“機(jī)會(huì)”；departure“離開”。 19．A.journey B．diet C．picnic D．holiday 答案與解析：A根據(jù)語境可知，作者希望所有出行(journey)的人回來時(shí)都能看到有人在等待(waiting for)他們。故選A。 20．A.worrying about B．smiling at C．talking of D．waiting for 答案與解析：D參見上題解析。 三、七選五 The book A Big Fat Crisis: The Hidden Forces Behind Obesity and How We Can End It by Deborah Cohen, a senior natural scientist, is very popular now. 　 1 　But according to this book, the following are some misunderstandings of obesity or being overweight. 1. If you’re obese, blame your genes. 　 2 　Yet, between 1980 and 2000, the number of Americans who are obese has doubled — too quickly for genetic factors to be responsible. At restaurants, a dollar puts more calories on our plates than ever before, because restaurant meals usually have more calories than what we prepare at home, so people who eat out more frequently have higher rates of obesity than those who eat out less. 2. If you’re obese, you lack self-control. Research shows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency to make poor choices on diet.　 3 　Even the most vigilant(警覺的) people may not be good controllers of themselves. 3. 　 4 　 Although the US Department of Agriculture estimates that fewer than 5 percent of Americans live in the ＂food deserts＂, about 65 percent of the nation’s population is obese. For most of us, obesity is not related to access to more fresh fruits and vegetables, but to the choices we make in supermarkets. 4. The problem is not that we eat too much, but that we don’t exercise. Michelle Obama’s ＂Let’s Move＂ campaign is based on the idea that if kids exercise more, childhood obesity rates will decrease.　 5 　In fact, although a drop in work-related physical activity may explain up to 100 fewer calories burned, leisure physical activity appears to have increased. A. Lack of access to fresh fruits and vegetables is a cause of obesity. B. Obesity rates have increased. C. Fresh fruits and vegetables we choose in a supermarket are related to obesity. D. But there was no obvious decrease in physical activity levels as obesity rates climbed in the 1980s and1990s. E. People hold different views on obesity. F. People benefit a lot from physical activities. G. Our world has bee so rich in food that we can be led to consume too much in ways we can’t understand. 【語篇解讀】肥胖是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的主要問題之一。Deborah Cohen 的A Big Fat Crisis: The Hidden Forces Behind Obesity and How We Can End It一書中，作者介紹了人們對(duì)肥胖問題的幾種誤解。 1.E 【解析】根據(jù)下句由轉(zhuǎn)折意義的內(nèi)容＂But according to this book, the following are some misunderstandings of obesity or being overweight.＂（但該書認(rèn)為下面幾點(diǎn)是關(guān)于肥胖的幾點(diǎn)誤解）可知，人們對(duì)肥胖問題觀點(diǎn)不一，故E項(xiàng)正確。 2.B 【解析】根據(jù)下句內(nèi)容＂Yet, between 1980 and 2000, the number of Americans who are obese has doubled — too quickly for genetic factors to be responsible.＂（然而，在1980年到2000年，美國(guó)肥胖的人數(shù)就翻了一番。該速度太快，可見肥胖并非遺傳因素所致）可知，此處表示＂肥胖比例有所增加，故B項(xiàng)正確。 3.G 【解析】根據(jù)上句＂Research shows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency to make poor choices on diet.＂（研究表明，如果我們面臨太多信息，我們很可能會(huì)就節(jié)食作出糟糕的選擇）可知，該句應(yīng)表示＂我們現(xiàn)在的食物如此豐富以致于我們會(huì)被引導(dǎo)以自己難以想象的方式去消耗食物＂，故選G項(xiàng)。 5.D 【解析】根據(jù)下句＂although a drop in work-related physical activity may explain up to 100 fewer calories burned, leisure physical activity appears to have increased.＂（盡管跟工作相關(guān)的體力活動(dòng)減少導(dǎo)致人們少燃燒多達(dá)100卡路里，但休閑體力活動(dòng)似乎有所增加）可知，在二十世紀(jì)八十年代和九十年代，人們的體力活動(dòng)并未明顯減少，故選D項(xiàng)。 四、短文改錯(cuò) The day before Mothers Day，everybody around me was talking about what was most suitable gift they would buy for their mothers. Buying flowers were what most students would do.However，I wanted to do something differently.As then I lived in school and couldnt go back home on Mothers Day，so I decided to call her and sent her my best wishes.I searched the Internet for suggestions，what were very useful，and I read it carefully.When I called my mother，however，I had the feel that someone elses words would have no meaning to her.So I gave in and just told my mother I loved her and thanked her to all she had done for me. 【答案】　 The day before Mothers Day，everybody around me was talking about what was most suitable gift they would buy for their mothers. Buying flowers what most students would do.However，I wanted to do something .As then I lived in school and couldnt go back home on Mothers Day， I decided to call her and her my best wishes.I searched the Internet for suggestions， were very useful，and I read carefully.When I called my mother，however，I had the that someone elses words would have no meaning to her.So I gave and just told my mother I loved her and thanked her all she had done for me. 第一處：most前加the。考查冠詞。母親節(jié)前一天，我周圍的所有人都在談?wù)撌裁词撬麄儗槟赣H買的最合適的禮物。根據(jù)句意可知，此處為形容詞的最高級(jí)，故在most前加the。 第二處：were→was。考查主謂一致。動(dòng)名詞短語Buying flowers作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞需用單數(shù)形式，故將were改為was。 第三處：differently→different?？疾樾稳菰~。修飾不定代詞something需用形容詞。注意：different在此作后置定語。 第四處：去掉so。考查連詞。as“因?yàn)椤?，引?dǎo)原因狀語從句，故后面的so多余。 第五處：sent→send。考查動(dòng)詞。and連接的不是并列的謂語動(dòng)詞，而是不定式，第二個(gè)不定式前的to承前省略了。 第六處：what→which。考查定語從句。先行詞為suggestions，非限制性定語從句缺主語，故用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。注意：what不可引導(dǎo)定語從句。 第七處：it→them?？疾榇~。指代前面的suggestions，需用復(fù)數(shù)代詞them。 第八處：feel→feeling。考查名詞。feel作名詞表示“觸覺，印象”，而feeling作名詞表示“想法，意見，感覺”，顯然此處要用feeling。 第九處：in→up。考查動(dòng)詞短語。give in是“讓步，屈服”的意思，與語義不符。give up意為“放棄”，符合語境要求。 第十處：to→for?？疾榻樵~。此處表示我感謝媽媽為我做過的一切。thank sb.for sth.“為某事感謝某人”為固定用法。