2020【人教版】必修四：Unit 3 Period 3 Grammar 講義含答案

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1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語精品資料 Period 3　Grammar 1.掌握occasion, slide等重點(diǎn)詞匯的用法。 2.初步掌握動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)、表語和定語的用法。 1.復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞-ing作主語和賓語的基本用法。 2.通過分類的方式,自主學(xué)習(xí)并歸納動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)、表語和定語的用法。 重點(diǎn)單詞 1.　　　　 adj.特殊的;特別的 2.　　　　 adv.特殊地;特別地 3.　　　　 n.時(shí)刻;場(chǎng)合 4.　　　　 n.預(yù)算;開支 5.　　　　 n.女演員 6.　　　　 vt.&vi.(使)滑動(dòng);(使)滑行　n.滑;滑動(dòng);幻燈片

2、 重點(diǎn)語法 動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作表語、定語和賓語補(bǔ)足語 自我核對(duì) 重點(diǎn)單詞: 1.particular　2.particularly　3.occasion　4.budget 5.actress　6.slide 單句改錯(cuò) 1.I am looking forward to visit Charlie Chaplin Museum in Switzerland next week.　　　 2.Charlies job was entertain people. 　　　 3.I wouldnt mind to see The Gold Rush again with yo

3、u tonight. 　　　 4.Charlies non-verbal humour often makes people bursting with laughter. 　　　 5.We are all fond of Charlies early films, which we think are more interested.　　　 　　【答案】1.visit→visiting　2.entertain→entertaining 3.to see→seeing　4.bursting→burst　5.interested→interesting 1.occasion

4、 閱讀下列句子,注意occasion的意思及用法。 I only wear a tie on special occasions.我只有在特殊的場(chǎng)合才打領(lǐng)帶。 He seized the occasion to invite her back for dinner.他抓住機(jī)會(huì)邀請(qǐng)她回家里吃飯。 　　通過觀察以上句子,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)occasion是名詞,意思是“　　　　　　　　”。 　　【答案】場(chǎng)合;機(jī)會(huì) on occasion(s)有時(shí);偶爾 take / seize occasion抓住機(jī)會(huì);乘機(jī);利用機(jī)會(huì) occasion作先行詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語表示“機(jī)會(huì);時(shí)間”時(shí),常用

5、when引導(dǎo)定語從句;在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語表示“場(chǎng)合;場(chǎng)所”時(shí),用where引導(dǎo)定語從句。 There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候。 This is not an occasion for laughter, where you must take things seriously. 這不是你該笑的場(chǎng)合,而是你必須嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真的場(chǎng)合。 單項(xiàng)填空 I saw Bob play the piano at Johns party and on that 　　　　he was simply brillia

6、nt. A.scene　　　B.sight　　　C.occasion　　D.situation 　　【答案與解析】C　scene“場(chǎng)景;(出事)地點(diǎn)”;sight“視線;景觀”;occasion“場(chǎng)合”;situation“情景;形勢(shì);局面”。 2.slide 閱讀下列句子,注意slide 的意思及用法。 The headmaster said it was dangerous to slide on the ice, particularly on the lake.校長說在冰上滑行很危險(xiǎn),尤其是在湖面上。 The children were having a slide

7、 down the icy path.孩子們沿結(jié)冰的小道滑下。 Do you want a colour film for slides or prints? 你要的彩色膠卷是做幻燈片用還是為了印刷? 　　通過觀察以上句子,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)slide既可以用作動(dòng)詞,也可以用作名詞,意思分別是“(1)　　　　　　　　　”和“(2)　　　　　　　　　　”。 　　【答案】(1)滑;滑動(dòng);(使)滑動(dòng)　(2)幻燈片;滑;滑動(dòng) 單項(xiàng)填空 “The steps that have been taken are critical to preventing us 　　　　into a depressio

8、n,” Mr Obama told reporters after the close of the gathering. A.to slide B.having slid C.sliding D.being slid 　　【答案與解析】C　prevent sb from doing sth是固定搭配,from可以省略,此處要用動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式。句意:奧巴馬在會(huì)議結(jié)束后對(duì)記者說:“業(yè)已采取的措施對(duì)我們避免陷入蕭條非常重要。” 動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作表語、定語和賓語補(bǔ)足語 一、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語的用法 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語一般表示比較抽象的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作,表語和主語的位置可以

9、互換。 Her job is teaching.( = Teaching is her job.)她的工作是教書。 Her duty is taking care of the babies.( = Taking care of the babies is her duty.)照看嬰兒是她的職責(zé)。 注意:不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語的不同。我們知道,不定式同樣可以作句子的表語,與動(dòng)詞-ing形式所表達(dá)的意義也非常接近,但兩者有一定的區(qū)別:一般說來,動(dòng)詞-ing形式多表示一般行為和狀態(tài);而不定式則強(qiáng)調(diào)具體某次動(dòng)作或?qū)硪l(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 二、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語的用法 1.單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞-

10、ing形式作定語時(shí),一般放在被修飾詞之前,而動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語作定語時(shí),一般放在被修飾詞之后。 a waiting room等候室 a dancing girl一個(gè)跳舞的女孩 teaching methods教學(xué)方法 a swimming pool一個(gè)游泳池 The man talking with our headmaster is my father.和我們校長談話的那個(gè)人是我父親。 2.現(xiàn)在分詞也可以作定語修飾名詞,表示該名詞正處在某種狀態(tài),現(xiàn)在分詞這個(gè)動(dòng)作實(shí)際上是由所修飾的名詞發(fā)出的動(dòng)作。 a sleeping beauty (a beauty is sleeping)

11、 一個(gè)睡美人 a running dog (a dog is running) 一只奔跑中的狗 a dancing girl (a girl is dancing) 一個(gè)跳舞的女孩 三、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法 1.動(dòng)詞-ing形式和動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語可以用在表示感覺的動(dòng)詞(如see, observe, notice, watch, hear, smell, listen to, look at, feel等)以及使役動(dòng)詞(如catch,set,have,make,get,start,leave,keep,find等)的賓語后面,作賓語補(bǔ)足語。 I saw a small

12、 girl standing in front of a goldfish pond.我看到一個(gè)小女孩站在金魚缸前。 2.在一些感官、使役動(dòng)詞后,既可以接省略to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語,也可以接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語,其區(qū)別在于:動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,不是指全過程;省略to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示動(dòng)作的完成,指全過程。 I saw the thief getting on the train.我看見那個(gè)賊正在上火車。 I saw the thief get on the train and disappeared.我看見那個(gè)賊上了火車,消失了。 單項(xiàng)填空

13、 (1)—Carl works hard. —So he does.He is often seen　　　　 heavily before his colleagues arrive. A.to be sweated B.sweated C.be sweated D.sweating 　　【答案與解析】D　句意:“卡爾工作很努力。”“的確如此。經(jīng)常有人看見他在同事來之前就已經(jīng)大汗淋漓了。”現(xiàn)在分詞短語在句中作主語補(bǔ)足語,表示主動(dòng)及動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。 (2)—Some of the magazines are missing.Did you close the door before l

14、eaving? —Yes.I remember　　　　 it, for it remains　　　　. A.to close; locked B.closing; locked C.closing; locking D.to close; being locked 　　【答案與解析】B　答句句意:是的。我記得鎖了門,因?yàn)殚T還鎖著。remember doing sth “記得做過某事”,符合語境。remain在此作系動(dòng)詞,且the door與lock之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用過去分詞作表語。 (3)If we have illegal immigrants　　　　 in, many loca

15、l workers will lose their jobs. A.came B.coming C.to come D.having come 　　【答案與解析】B　句意:如果我們聽任非法移民不斷涌入,那么當(dāng)?shù)卦S多工人將失業(yè)。have sb doing sth“使某人一直做某事”。 (4)Walt Disney once described Mickey Mouse as a little fellow　　　　 to do the best he could. A.tries B.to try C.trying D.tried 　　【答案與解析】C　fellow與try之間是主謂

16、關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作后置定語。 (5)The hottest topic throughout this week　　　　 on newspapers and TV programs is the crisis and what the government is going to do with it. A.to be talked about B.talking about C.to talk about D.being talked about 　　【答案與解析】D　時(shí)間為“本周”,topic與talk about之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所填內(nèi)容在句中作后置定語,故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語的被

17、動(dòng)形式。 用所給詞的正確形式填空 1.She returned home only to find the door open and something　　　　(miss). 2.Can you imagine yourself　　　　 (stay) in a lonely island? 3.The news that he told us was very　　　　 (excite). 4.The tree　　　　 (stand) in our garden is very tall. 5.Do you think this book　　　　 (tire)? 6.Im s

18、orry to keep you　　　　 (wait) for a long time. 7.They kept their employees　　　　 (work) for five hours without a rest. 8.All of us are　　　　(interest) in the　　　　(interest) movie. 9.On a　　　　(freeze) morning the little girl was found　　　　(freeze) at the corner of the street. 10.They found a　　　　(die) old woman　　　　(lie) on the ground when the door was broken open. 　　【答案】1.missing　2.staying　3.exciting　4.standing　5.tiring　6.waiting　7.working　8.interested; interesting　9.freezing; frozen　10.dying; lying ●溫馨貼士 本課時(shí)的核心內(nèi)容為“動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語、賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語”,知識(shí)要點(diǎn)圖解如下: