2020版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 23 Conflict講義 北師大版選修8.doc

Unit 23 Conflict (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí).閱讀單詞知其意1nutrition n營養(yǎng)2prejudice n. 偏見3racial adj. 種族之間的4munity n. 社區(qū)5alcoholic n. 酗酒者，酒鬼6mercial n. (電視)廣告7theoretical adj. 理論的8pass n. 縱聯(lián)1 指南針，羅盤9allowance n. _零用錢，津貼10confidential adj. 秘密的11firework n. 煙火，煙花12import vt. 進口.重點單詞寫其形1betray_vt. 出賣2justice n. 公平，公正3promise n. 妥協(xié)，讓步4departure n. 離開，離去5classify vt. 把分類6subscribe_vi. 訂閱(雜志或報紙)7tip n. 有用的建議8contradict vt. 反駁，糾正9greet vt. 問候，致意10sob vi. 抽泣，嗚咽11criticise vt. 批評12swear vi. 發(fā)誓13acquaintance n縱聯(lián)2 熟人；相識的人14sponsor vt. 縱聯(lián)3 贊助15despite prep. 不管16stable adj. 穩(wěn)固的17unconscious adj.縱聯(lián)4 失去知覺的18expense n. 費用，開支.拓展單詞通其變1immigration n移居；移民入境immigrate vi.移入immigrant n移民2expose vt.暴露；使置身于危險中exposure n暴露3appoint vt.任命，委任appointment n任命，委任；約定appointed adj.約定的4possession n私有物品possess vt.擁有；占有5representative n代表represent vt.代表6distribute vt.分發(fā)，分配distribution n分配；配給7consume vt.喝；消費，消耗consumer n消費者consumption n消費8strengthen vt.(使)變強，加強strength n力量；力氣strong adj.強壯的9intend vt.想要，打算intention n意圖；意向；目的10socialism n社會主義socialist n社會主義者 adj.社會主義的society n社會11adolescent adj.青春期的 n青少年adolescence n青少年時期12remark vt.說起，談到remarkable adj.不平常的縱聯(lián)1.“四大發(fā)明”全知道pass n指南針，羅盤 printing n印刷術(shù)gunpowder n火藥 papermaking n造紙縱聯(lián)2.朋友和周圍的人partner n伙伴；同伴 fellow n同伴；伙伴acquaintance n相識的人 roommate n室友，舍友panion n同伴；同事；伴侶 colleague n同事，同僚縱聯(lián)3.“經(jīng)濟活動”相關(guān)動詞小結(jié)distribute分發(fā)，分配 invest投資bid出價；投標 advertise做廣告pete競爭 promote促銷sponsor贊助縱聯(lián)4.聚焦“un”前綴形容詞uncertain不確定的 unmon不常有的unconscious失去知覺的 unfriendly不友好的unaware不知道的 unfortunate不幸的unfair不公平的 unlikely不可能的unknown未知的 unmarried未婚的單元話題戰(zhàn)爭與沖突子話題1戰(zhàn)爭與沖突的類型violence n暴力 argue vi.爭辯，爭論quarrel vi.爭吵，吵架 conflict n沖突，爭執(zhí)terrorism n恐怖主義，恐怖行動fight v打仗(架)，與打仗(架)子話題2解決戰(zhàn)爭與沖突的方法rescue v營救，援救 protest n抗議，反對investigate v調(diào)查 defend vt.防守；保衛(wèi)guard n警衛(wèi) withdraw v撤退，離開delegation n代表團；授權(quán)，委托 proposal n提議，建議declaration n宣布，宣告 surrender v. 投降；放棄學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用1(2015陜西高考閱讀C)It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology.But consumers do have a choice. They can purchase shadegrown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost.The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根動詞：consume寫出加黑詞在本單元的近義介詞：despite，該近義詞的同義短語為in_spite_of寫出加黑詞在本單元的同義詞：expense，加黑詞所在短語at a higher cost意為比較高的花費2(2014安徽高考閱讀C)Some collectors say they started or stopped making collections at important points: the beginning or end of adolescence “its a growingup thing; you stop when you grow up，” says one. Other painful times are mentioned， such as the end of a relationship. For time and life can seem so uncontrollable that a steady serial (順序排列的) arrangement is forting.寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根形容詞：adolescent，加黑詞也可作名詞，意為青少年用本單元詞匯替換加黑詞匯：remarked寫出加黑詞在本單元的同義詞：stable，加黑詞也可作動詞，意為使鎮(zhèn)定3(2013江蘇高考閱讀D) Twains racial tone was not perfect.One is left uneasy, for example, by the lengthy passage in his autobiography (自傳) about how much he loved what were called “nigger shows” in his youth mostly with white men performing in blackface and his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them.Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality.His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.寫出加黑詞在此處的漢語意思：種族之間的寫出加黑詞在本單元的同根名詞：representative，該同根名詞也可作為形容詞，意為典型的，有代表性的寫出加黑詞在此處的漢語意思：偏見高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用(根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子)1(2018全國卷書面表達)我特別喜歡籃球，因為打籃球加強了我的身體健康。(strengthen)I_am_particularly_fond_of_basketball_because_playing_basketball_strengthens_my_physical_health.2(2015江蘇高考書面表達)很多的事情引起了交通問題。盡管道路和公路的建設(shè)規(guī)模很大，但由于近年來汽車數(shù)量的不斷增加，仍有很大的改善空間。(despite)Quite_a_few_things_give_rise_to_the_traffic_problem.Despite_the_largescale_construction_of_roads_and_highways,_there_is_still_much_room_for_improvement_because_of_the_ever_increasing_number_of_cars_these_years.3(2014陜西高考書面表達)作為我們學(xué)校的代表，我對你們的到來表示熱烈的歡迎。(representative)As_a_representative_of_our_school,_I_would_like_to_express_our_warm_wele_to_you. (二)課堂重點釋疑1betray vt.出賣，背叛記牢betray . to .將出賣(泄露)給betray ones trust 辜負某人的信任betray oneself 暴露本來面目；原形畢露練通完成句子The suspect was terrified of saying something that would make him betray_himself.嫌疑犯害怕說出暴露他本來面目的一些事情。It is typical of him never to betray_others_trust.從不辜負別人的信任，那是他一向的風格。The expression on his face betrayed_his_nervousness_to me.他面部的表情向我暴露了他的緊張。寫美(2015陜西高考書面表達)我確信我絕不會辜負你的信任。如果你能給予我善意的關(guān)注，我將不勝感激。I_am_sure_that_I_will_never_betray_your_trust.I_would_appreciate_it_if_you_could_give_me_a_kind_consideration.2distribute vt.分發(fā)，分配；散布，分布記牢(1)distribute sth. to把某物分(配、發(fā))給distribute sth. among 在中分配/分發(fā)(2)distribution n. 分發(fā)；分配練通單句語法填空The unfair distribution (distribute) of social resources has led to a series of serious problems in China and the government has decided to take measures to improve it.The dealer appointed his assistant to distribute some new TV sets to the poor villages.The teacher was distributing the sweets among the children when a boy burst out crying.寫美(2018北京高考書面表達)為了紀念這難忘的一天，活動結(jié)束后，大家手里拿著我分發(fā)給他們的茶包拍照留念。At_the_end_of_the_activity,_holding_the_tea_bags_distributed_to_them_by_me_in_our_hands,_we_took_a_picture_to_memorize_the_unforgettable_day.3expense n費用，開支記牢at sb.s expenseat the expense of sb.由某人付費at the expense of以(損害)為代價spare no expense 不惜費用；不惜代價free of expense 免費練通完成句子If you are not satisfied, please return it at_our_expense and your money will be given back to you.如果你不滿意，請寄還給我們，費用由我們承擔，并且你的錢將退還給你。We will spare_no_expense to protect our country from being invaded.我們將不惜一切代價來保護我們的國家不受侵略。His fame was bought at_the_expense_of health and happiness.他獲得了名聲，犧牲了健康和幸福。寫美(2016北京高考書面表達)地球日之前，我們班舉行了一場熱烈的討論，大家一致同意，我們不能以犧牲我們的環(huán)境為代價發(fā)展經(jīng)濟。Before_Earth_Day,_our_class_held_a_heated_discussion.All_agreed_on_the_suggestion_that_we_shouldnt_develop_our_economy_at_the_expense_of_our_environment.4appoint vt.任命，委任；安排，確定記牢(1)appoint sb. to be/as sth. 任命某人為appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事(2)appointment n. 任命，委任；約會make/have an appointment with sb. 與某人有約會keep/break an appointment 守/違約練通單句語法填空I have an appointment (appoint) with Mary, but I need to change it.Its said that new headmaster has just been appointed to_manage (manage) the whole school.完成句子Now that you have_made_an_appointment_with_your friend, you should keep_the_appointment.既然你已經(jīng)和朋友約好了，你就應(yīng)該守約。I heard him saying to the nurse that he had_an_appointment_with the munity patient at 9：00.我聽他給護士說他9點鐘與社區(qū)的病人有約。Sam has_been_appointed_as/to_be_manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.山姆已經(jīng)被指定代替喬治擔任工程部經(jīng)理。寫美(2016全國卷書面表達)不能和你一起按照約定的時間去書店，我很抱歉。Im_sorry_that_I_cannot_go_to_the_bookstore_with_you_by_the_appointed_time.5possession nC私有物品，財產(chǎn)(pl.); U擁有，占有記牢(1)take/have possession of占有，擁有sb.be in possession of sth.sth. be in the possession of sb.sth. be in ones possession 某物為某人所有(2)possess vt. 具有；占有；控制be possessed of 擁有，具有，占有練通單句改錯/句型轉(zhuǎn)換As we all know, the big houses are peoples most valued possession.possessionpossessionsThe car is now in the possession of Tom.Tom is now in possession of the car.完成句子My friend, Bob, _takes_possession_of most of the panys shares, and the rest are _in_the_possession_of other workers.我的朋友 Bob 擁有公司大多數(shù)股份，剩余的都由其他的員工持有。Although he doesnt_possess_much_money,_he is_possessed_of good health. 雖然他沒有很多錢，但是他擁有健康的身體。用準in possession of“擁有，占有”的主語常是人，表示主動；in the possession of主語常是事物，表示“被占有(擁有)”。與之用法類似的常見短語還有：in charge of“負責”， in the charge of “由負責”；in control of “控制”，in the control of“由控制”。寫美(2014全國卷書面表達)那時候我將28歲了。將有自己的家庭，也許會有一個可愛的孩子。I_will_be_twentyeight_years_old_by_then.I_will_possess_my_own_family,_probably_with_a_lovely_child.6intend vt.想要，打算；設(shè)計，計劃記牢(1)intend sb.to do sth.打算讓某人做某事intend to do/doing sth. 打算做某事had intended to do sth.intended to have done sth. 本打算做某事(2)intended adj. 打算的；計劃的be intended for 專供使用；專為設(shè)計(3)intention n. 意圖，打算，計劃have no intention of doing sth. 不打算做某事；無意做某事with the intention of 為了，以為目的或意圖練通單句語法填空I intended to_make/making (make) full use of this summer holiday to travel to the places where I want to go.He intends his secretary to_draw (draw) up the important document.句型轉(zhuǎn)換They had intended to go into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.They_intended to have gone into the country for the day, but were put off by reports of traffic jams.完成句子The advertisement is_intended_for the students of all ages.這個廣告是專門針對各個年齡段的學(xué)生的。He left his hometown with_the_intention_of looking for a good job in the big city.他離開家鄉(xiāng)，打算到大城市尋找一份好工作。Mary has_no_intention_of marrying Tom this winter.Mary沒有打算今年冬季嫁給Tom。寫美(2014廣東高考書面表達)Richard計劃40歲生日前找到40位同年同月同日生的人且根據(jù)此經(jīng)歷寫一本書。Richard_intends_to_find_40_time_twins_before_his_40th_birthday_and_he_is_going_to_write_a_book_based_on_this_experience.7remark vt.& vi.說起，談到；談?wù)?，評論；察覺 n談?wù)摚u論記牢(1)remark that .評論remark on/upon sth./sb. 就某事/某人發(fā)表評論(2)make a remark on/about 就發(fā)表意見； 對品頭論足(3)remarkable adj. 不平常的；值得注意的be remarkable for be known/famous for 因而著名練通單句語法填空They are remarking on/upon the prosperous look of the countryside.She saw a slow but remarkable (remark) improvement in her classroom performance last year.The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by avoiding making critical remarks (remark)句型轉(zhuǎn)換Its bad manners to remark on the appearance of others.Its bad manners to make a remark on/about the appearance of others.As we all know, China is famous for its long history.As we all know, China is remarkable for its long history.寫美(2018全國卷書面表達)更重要的是，歡迎大家參與進來，欣賞這部短片，之后進行熱烈的討論，并發(fā)表意見。Whats_more,_everyone_of_you_will_be_wele_to_participate_in_it,_enjoying_the_short_film,_having_a_heated_discussion_afterwards_and_making_a_remark_about_it.8expose vt.顯露，露出；暴露；使置身于危險中；揭露；使接觸(新事物)辨清寫出下列句中expose的含義He smiled suddenly, exposing a set of white teeth. 露出The soldiers were warned to remain hidden and not to expose themselves.暴露The play, Death of a Salesman, exposes the cruelty of the American business world.揭露We want to expose the kids to as much art as possible. 使接觸記牢(1)expose . to .使暴露于/面臨/遭受(be) exposed to . 暴露于；處于可能受到傷害的境地expose sth. to sb. 向某人揭發(fā)某事expose sb. to sth. 使某人接觸到某物；使某人面臨/遭受某事(2)exposure n. 暴露；揭露練通單句語法填空The newspaper exposed his secret to the public.Travelling abroad exposes children to different languages and cultures.After only a short exposure (expose) to sunlight his face began to turn red.完成句子Everyone is_exposed_to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices.無論選擇何種生活方式，每個人都暴露在空氣污染中。He didnt want to expose_his_fears_to_anyone.他不想向任何人顯露他的恐懼。寫美He was exposed to the rain and wind last night and he was ill.(用過去分詞短語作原因狀語改寫)Exposed_to_the_rain_and_wind_last_night,_he_was_ill.9classify vt.編排；分類；歸類記牢classify sb./sth. 將某人/某物歸類be classified into . 劃分成；被分成be classified by . 按照分類be classified as 被劃分為練通單句語法填空The novel written by him is classified as a science fiction.The children were classified into different groups according to how much they know.It is required that the books in the library should be classified by subject.寫美(2016江蘇高考書面表達)說實話，選民有時會感到惱火，不是因為他們討厭投票，而是因為他們按照情緒和公平分類。To_be_honest,_voters_sometimes_feel_annoyed,_not_because_they_hate_voting,_but_because_they_are_classified_by_emotion_and_fairness.詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練.單詞拼寫1She found a pany to sponsor (贊助) her through college.2It is well known that running a car is a great expense (花費)3Her husband always contradicted (反駁) everything she said.4The boys are arguing over the justice (公平，公正) of the matter.5I didnt betray (背叛) my king to another for gold or power.6He became unconscious (失去知覺的) after being hit by a stone.7In the study, families are classified (把分類) according to their ine.8At Jimmys birthday party I was introduced to make the acquaintance (相識) of several successful managers in IT industry.9After a long talk, my parents and I reached a promise (妥協(xié)) on my monthly expense.10I subscribe (訂閱) to a number of journals concerned with my subject.單句語法填空1They could not agree about the distribution (distribute) of the profits.2He was the schools representative (represent) at the important meeting.3Memory can be classified into shortterm memory and longterm memory.4These houses located in the centre of the city are his personal possessions (possess)5More efforts should be made to strengthen (strength) the connection between the two sides.6He had a good disguise, but as soon as he spoke he betrayed himself (he)7Prolonged (長久的) exposure (expose) to harmful radiation will do great harm to your health.8I was sorry for forgetting our appointment (appoint), because I was so busy.9Im writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday.I intended to_join/joining (join) a Dragon Boat training camp.10The high tax made the consumers (consume) unwilling to buy alcohol, which is weled for most people.單句改錯1Personally, I strongly subscribe with this practice for two reasons. withto2The old man intends that his son manages the pany. managesmanage3He is in the possession of a large property in the country. 去掉第一個the4Could you remark in what happened just now？ inon/upon5Children exposing to difficult situations are better at handling those challenging tasks. exposingexposed.完成句子1Happiness should not be achieved at_the_expense_of others interests.幸福不能以別人的利益為代價而獲得。2To learn English, I have to subscribe_to many magazines.為了學(xué)習(xí)英語，我必須訂閱許多雜志。3Kate is a woman who is_possessed_of a rare intelligence and she is sure to do the work well.Kate是一位擁有罕見智慧的女士，她一定能做好工作。4They had not been_exposed_to most diseases mon to urban populations.城市人口中多數(shù)常見的疾病他們都沒有接觸到。5I was_appointed_to take charge of arranging all the activities on that day.我被委派負責安排那天所有的活動。(一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí)1be_exposed_to處于可能受傷害的境地2hand_over_ 把交給3stand_up_for 保護，維護；保衛(wèi)4put_forward 串記1 提議，提出5send_for 派人去請/叫6call_in_ 請(某人)7have_a_gift_for 有的天賦8hold_out_ (在困境中)堅持9call_on 要求介入；呼吁10look_down_on 看不起11keep_ones_word 遵守諾言12e_about 串記2 發(fā)生13in_peace串記3 和平地14look_into 調(diào)查15sort_out 解決(問題或困難)；分類16give_in_ 讓步，屈服同根短語串記串記1.“提出，提議”短語萬花筒put forward bring upbring forward e up withput forth串記2.“發(fā)生”一族happen偶然發(fā)生 take place發(fā)生(安排好的)occur發(fā)生；突然想起 e about(已經(jīng))發(fā)生break out發(fā)生，爆發(fā)串記3.“inn.”常考短語大全in peace和平地 in return作為報答in trouble陷入困境 in power當權(quán)的in vain徒勞的 in store將要發(fā)生in place在適當?shù)奈恢?in conclusion總之in turn輪流 in summary總之；概括起來1act of violence暴力行為2do my own laundry 自己洗衣服3move into the flat 搬進公寓4get a full nights sleep 睡個好覺5after careful consideration 仔細考慮后6go back to normal 恢復(fù)正常7show his identification papers to a soldier 把他的證件給一個士兵看8a bad influence on his adolescent son對他青春期的兒子產(chǎn)生了不良影響1Yang Mings neighbours say they were being driven mad being_exposed_to such noise.楊明的鄰居們說處于這樣的噪音中快要被逼瘋了。2Had_they_known their neighbour was a drummer, they wouldnt_have_moved into the building.要是知道他們的鄰居是個鼓手，他們就不會搬進來了。3No_sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full nights sleep.他們一搬進來，噪音就開始了，他們幾乎沒有睡過一個囫圇覺。4In fact, the_more_I use the bike, the_more weight I seem to put on, despite following the instruction manual carefully.事實上，盡管我按照說明書認真去做，但是我騎車的次數(shù)越多，體重似乎增加的就越多。學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用高考采擷(一)閱讀中的詞塊與句式1(2014浙江高考完形)I sat, stunned (驚呆), for about half an hour, wondering what had just happened. How did I make such a lifechanging difference to that boy without even knowing it？(用本單元短語替換加黑詞匯)e_about2(2011廣東高考閱讀B)In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behaviour. They are learning how to talk each others language.It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk Dog， and dogs can learn how to talk Cat(用本單元短語替換加黑詞匯)in_peace高考采擷(二)寫作中的詞塊與句式(根據(jù)漢語及提示翻譯句子)1(2017浙江高考書面表達)直升飛機一著陸Tom就沖了出去，緊緊地抱住Jane。(no sooner .than .)No_sooner_had_the_helicopter_landed_than_Tom_dashed_out_and_hugged_Jane_tightly.2(2014遼寧高考書面表達)除了出色的創(chuàng)新之外，你還需要給我們提交一份報告，解釋你是如何想到這個點子的以及你使用了哪些材料。(hand over)Along_with_your_wonderful_innovation,_you_need_to_hand_a_report_over_to_us,_explaining_how_the_idea_occurs_to_you_and_what_materials_you_use.(二)課堂重點釋疑短語集釋1hand over把交給記牢hand down把傳下來hand back 歸還；交還hand in 上交，提交hand out 分發(fā)，散發(fā)練通單句語法填空They would catch the robbers and hand them over to the police.It is kind of you to help me hand the books out to everyone.It is required that every student should hand in a paper about their subject.These skills used to be handed down from father to son.寫美(2016全國卷書面表達)如果你想加入，你可以把你的照片發(fā)到郵箱：intlphotoshowgm.school.。If_you_want_to_join,_you_can_hand_over_your_photos_to_the_email:_intlphotoshowgm.school.2put forward提議，提出；推薦；將提前辨清寫出下列句中put forward的含義The plan put forward in the last meeting isnt accepted by everyone.提出I think he is fit for the position; therefore, Ill put him forward as a candidate.推薦You ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes to avoid ing late.撥快They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week.提前記牢put aside保留；把放在一邊；留出(一段時間)；儲存(備用)put away 把收拾起來；存錢put down 記下，寫下；鎮(zhèn)壓put off 推遲，延期put out 關(guān)(燈)；出版，發(fā)布；生產(chǎn)put up 建造；張貼；安排住宿put up with 忍受；忍耐練通單句語法填空I am so busy that I cant put aside time to acpany my family.Parents are ing back, and youd better put away these things, or the room is in a mess.The school put up a notice to remind the students that the sports meet had been put off until the next weekend.He wont put up with anyone questioning his decisions.寫美(2016北京高考書面表達)我們班提出的方案是充分利用使用過的材料。The_plan_put_forward_by_our_class_is_to_make_the_best_of_used_materials.3look into調(diào)查；了解記牢look up仰視；查閱look up to sb. 尊敬某人look forward to 盼望look down upon/on 輕視，瞧不起look back on/at 回顧look through 瀏覽；仔細查看look ahead (to sth.) 展望未來；為將來設(shè)想練通單句語法填空She was looking through the document when her secretary walked into her office.He is a famous headmaster who has made contributions to our school, so everyone looks up to him.The children are looking forward to receiving (receive) lucky money in the Spring Festival from their parents or relatives.完成句子You can look_up_abundant_useful_information on the Internet if you can make full use of your puter.如果你充分使用你的電腦的話，你就能查找到很多有用的信息。Nobody will look_up_to_you if you look_down_on/upon_yourself.如果你自己都瞧不起自己，沒有人會瞧得起你。It is time for us to look_back_on_the_past_and_look_ahead_to_the_future when the new year es.當新年到來時，該是我們回顧過去、展望未來的時候了。寫美(2018全國卷書面表達)我盼望著你的到來并在不久的將來和我一起體驗它。Im_looking_forward_to_your_arrival_and_joining_me_in_experiencing_it_in_the_near_future.句式集釋