《大學英語3》期中口試閱讀部分試題(學生版)

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1、 北京城市學院 2014-2015學年第一學期 《大學英語3》期中口試閱讀部分試題 （學生版） 請預覽后下載！ Unit 1 Education: A Transformation of the Soul 1 On my first day of high school, my teacher showed the class a Power Point presentation entitled The Value of Education. The first slide read simply this: “Education =

2、$”. I felt uncomfortable, not knowing exactly why. 2 Education, throughout my high school experience, continued to be described to me like this: college means a diploma. A diploma means a better job. A better job means more money. More money means a good life. But I wondered who had decided the cr

3、iteria for a “better” job and a “good” life. It all seemed so mathematical. Education was presented to me as an equation equaling a person I had not chosen to be. 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 她讀了一首題為《想起你》的詩。(entitle) 2. 他給這本書取名為《野性的愛》。(entitle) 3. 教育的關鍵在于激勵和享受，而不是一所學?；蛞粋€大學文憑。(diploma) 4. 那青年用了3 年的時間取得研究生文憑。(

4、diploma) 5. 我自己成功的標準是能夠努力工作和快樂生活。(criteria) 3 I went on to college, of course, as everyone told me to do. College is how you become an earner, they told me. My major that first semester was International Relations. I liked the woman I envisioned myself as in this field – a diplomat, a savvy

5、 citizen of the world. But gradually I began to realize that this person was not someone I bore any resemblance to. She was, rather, a clone of the well-educated, well-moneyed ideal my teacher had presented to me years ago. This woman had earning potential; she was smart and worldly. But she was not

6、 someone I would become. She had nothing I really wanted. 4 My moment of clarity soon came. I was watching a film with my family and laughing at all the historical errors in it, but I suddenly realized that there was something I did love, something I had brushed aside in my mind for years because

7、it did not fit with the marketable, diploma-holding job applicant I had always assumed I should become. 請預覽后下載！ 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 我不敢想象他能做出這種可怕的事。(envision) 2. 憧憬你理想的一天：囊括所有細節(jié)，從日出到日落。(envision) 3. 每個公民都可以要求受到法律的保護。 (citizen) 4. 作為一個世界公民，他必須努力做到行事誠實正直。(citizen) 5. 你所說的與事實相去甚遠。(resemblance) 6.

8、她長得不像她母親。(resemblance) 5 I am, as it so happens, the daughter of passionate history buffs. My family never took vacations; we took field trips. I had not yet learned to walk when I first visited Abraham Lincoln’s house in Springfield, Illinois. Since then I have seen the homes of c

9、ountless dead presidents. I have wandered through more museums than I can remember. 6 These memories are priceless to me; no matter how much I teased my parents about the fact that we never went to Disney World, I would not have changed our trips for anything in the world. I knew what education w

10、as, in my childhood, before someone damaged it with images of dollar signs. Education was how I had adventures. Education was my family’s escape. 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 她對野生花卉產(chǎn)生了濃烈的興趣。(passionate) 2. 她熱烈倡導教育改革。(passionate) 3. 游客們漫步穿過森林與田野去探索大自然。(wander) 4. 詩人想獨自漫游列國去尋找靈感。(wander) 5. 別把它當真，他只不過是在開玩笑。(t

11、ease) 6. 我妹妹以前總嘲笑我的發(fā)型。(tease) 7. 電影《加勒比海盜》是一部非常好看的驚險片。(adventure) 8. 無論他怎么努力,都無法說服朋友們放棄冒險。(adventure) 請預覽后下載！ 7 The truth is I love American history. George Washington is not a legendary hero to me but a brave war veteran upon whose simple tomb I saw my grandfather, anot

12、her war veteran, lay a wreath. Thomas Jefferson’s Monticello is not for me a name in a textbook; it is a beautiful retreat, nestled deep in the Virginia mountains. 8 “Why am I not a history major?” I asked that night while the movie was on commercial break. 9 “Um, because you can’t make any mon

13、ey that way?” responded my sister. 10 I transferred into an American history class that next semester. I was never absent. It was like taking a childhood field trip. The ‘A’ marks I got on every paper and every test were more to me than any good grade I had ever gotten before – here, finally, was

14、something meaningful. I was thrilled by my increasing understanding of fascinating history concepts, and by the fact that I was becoming someone I wanted to be. 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 那個小村莊坐落在山腳下。 (nestle) 2. 聽說你獲得了成功,我們真是興奮極了。(thrill) 3. 電影《泰坦尼克》讓觀眾如此激動，很多人都哭了起來。(thrill) 4. 孩子們看到自己喜歡的卡通形象都會興奮不已。(thrill

15、) 11 I also took an English history course. The professor was a fascinating speaker and thoroughly knowledgeable on his subject. He told anecdotes about Charles II; he could quote the unemployment rates of Victorian London like they were his own children’s birthdays. This professor, I rea

16、lized, possessed more than a pile of diplomas. And what he was helping me to achieve was so much more than a degree. He had – and I was acquiring – a mind exercised by many years’ studious dedication. And that –unlike money or a job – is something which cannot be lost. 請預覽后下載！ 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 杰克

17、遜先生舉了個病重住院老先生的例子。(quote) 2. 作者以擁有優(yōu)秀鐵路服務的法國舉例。(quote) 3. 詹森有做好這項工作必備的耐性和應變能力嗎? (possess) 4. 據(jù)說他擁有超過250萬美元的財富。(possess) 5. 我們應當獲取更多的第一手資料。(acquire) 6. 我們不僅僅從讀書中獲得知識。(acquire) 7. 他專心致力于教學的精神贏得了同事們的尊敬。(dedication) 8. 她以巨大的忘我精神工作，希望找到這種疾病的療法。(dedication) 12 My dream is

18、to work at a place like Monticello and give other children the experience I had – the experience of history coming to life. I have no idea of the sort of money I can expect from this pursuit. I simply do not care. I want to be like that professor, someone who has spent years filling her soul with wh

19、at she loved truly. I want to live my education. 13 I know now why I felt so out of place that first day of high school. It is nothing less than a curse. That expression – “Education = $” is a proverb of the most offensive sort, and I pity anyone who actually believes it. They will never know the

20、empowerment I have found by pursuing my soul. 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 他低聲咒罵那個撞車逃逸的貨車司機。(curse) 2. 笑是最具感染力的情感表達方式之一。(expression) 3. 那兒的風景美麗得無法形容。(expression) 4. 她說話聲音很低，但是用詞極其粗俗。(expression) 5. 我同情任何以如此微薄的收入養(yǎng)活全家的人。(pity) 請預覽后下載！ 14 Education means a future enriched by knowledge –

21、 knowledge I have desired, worked for, and attained. It has been, for me, in every way a transformative experience. As a teenager I was suffocated by a lack of interest, steered by expectations. Now I know the freedom that comes from having a purpose in life. Education will never be, for me, a line

22、on a resume. It has been, rather, a transformation of the soul. 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 我們都渴望幸福和健康。(desire) 2. 我的確想從牛津大學獲得一份獎學金。(desire) 3. 我決心不惜任何代價達到目的。(attain) 4. 不論什么時候，只要你有一個目標，就得犧牲某些東西去實現(xiàn)它。(attain) 5. 瑪麗被媽媽的巨大期望盲目指引著，感到無所適從。(steer) 6. 他熟練地駕駛汽車穿過狹窄的街道。(steer) Unit 2 Masdar

23、 City: The Worlds Greenest City? 1 The doors swish shut and with the press of a button, the Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) car is off, gliding through the tunnels under Abu Dhabis new Masdar City. The four-passenger vehicle runs on an electric motor, making it clean and carbon-free. There are no tr

24、acks — the car is autonomous, driven by a computer. PRT is meant to be the future of mass transit within cities, with the environmental benefits of buses and trains but the freedom of a private vehicle. But I cant help thinking theres something slightly silly about all this. For all the technology —

25、 which isnt cheap — the PRT has taken me to its one and only stop, maybe half a mile from the starting point. For not much more time, I could have used a much older form of transport: my legs. 請預覽后下載！ 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 孩子們正在冰面上歡快地滑冰。(glide) 2. 船在河上滑行。(glide) 3. 隨著歲月的消逝，他們失去了勇氣。(glide) 4. 紅色信號燈表示

26、人和車輛不能通行。(vehicle) 5. 那輛車的司機在車禍中受傷嚴重。(vehicle) 6. 很明顯電動汽車在技術(shù)上是可行的。(electric) 7. 這些機器都是由電動機驅(qū)動的。(electric) 8. 人是理性的、自主的，動物可不是這樣。(autonomous) 9. 美國的每個州都有一個自治政府。(autonomous) 10. 我來自廣西壯族自治區(qū)。(autonomous) 11. 現(xiàn)代教育是一項大規(guī)模的企業(yè)。(mass) 12. 他們已經(jīng)想出了一些對付大規(guī)模失業(yè)的點子。(mass) 2 In a nu

27、tshell, that is whats good and bad about Masdar. Back in 2007, the government of Abu Dhabi announced that it would build "the worlds first zero-carbon city" called Masdar. It would rely entirely on renewable energy and would produce zero waste. It would be home to the Masdar Institute of Science and

28、 Technology, a university dedicated to the study of sustainability. There would be no traditional cars inside the city and it would use half the energy of a settlement of the same size. The urban layout would combine classic Arab design with 21st century technology. Masdar would be a living lab for

29、a greener, cleaner future. 3 After three years the plans have changed. Masdar City was originally scheduled to be completed by 2015, but the financial crash that hit the United Arab Emirates hard pushed back the date. A truly zero-carbon city proved too ambitious, so now the aim is for low carbon.

30、 Transport within the city will no longer solely rely on the PRTs — instead, electric buses and other mass transit will be included. Though the first phase of the project — the Institute — was completed in 2010 and opened to students, its still easy to wonder whether the sustainable city will ever b

31、e able to sustain itself. 請預覽后下載！ 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 這套房子的格局還不錯，就是廚房有點小。(layout) 2. 她對老胡同的布局了如指掌。(layout) 3. 他正確地預測到將出現(xiàn)股市崩盤。(crash) 4. 今年秋季，20名學生將參與這項計劃的第一階段。(phase) 5. 該項目將分階段進行。(phase) 6. 這地基不夠牢固，無法承受房屋的重量。(sustain) 7. 她發(fā)現(xiàn)很難維持孩子讀書的興趣。(sustain) 4 While Masdar may inspire di

32、sbelief, it would be a mistake to dismiss the whole project as green folly. This was clear when I toured the Masdar Institute in mid-January. The streets are narrow and sheltered by walls that block the desert sunlight, while openings in the walls channel a refreshing wind that makes the city feel a

33、s much as 70F cooler than its surroundings. 5 That design helps encourage energy conservation — the cooler the city is, the less need for electricity-consuming air-conditioning. But the buildings themselves take advantage of green materials, from the sustainable Douglas fir to the superstrong plast

34、ics, deflecting sunlight and insulating the interior. Windows have shades angled to avoid direct sunlight, providing light without heat. Theres even a 147-feet-tall wind tower that can channel even more breezes to the street. The tower has glowing LED lights that let Masdar managers know how much en

35、ergy the city is consuming. Blue means it is within its goal of using 50% less energy than a comparable settlement. Red means its time to turn off the lights. 請預覽后下載！ 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 這場會談給我們傳遞了很多信息。(channel) 2. 他們的灌溉系統(tǒng)能把水輸送到玉米田。(channel) 3. 正考慮將該地區(qū)列為水資源保護區(qū)。(conservation) 4. 今天，許多年輕人投身于野生動物保護。(

36、conservation) 5. 住在高樓大廈中容易使我們與城市的現(xiàn)實生活隔絕。(insulate) 6. 在農(nóng)村,我們遠離了大城市的種種焦慮。(insulate) 7. 政府正投錢為600戶住宅進行隔音處理。(insulate) 8. 正是從這項研究中，我們可以了解到地球內(nèi)部的許多情況。(interior) 9. 租房時，我們更關心房屋的內(nèi)部。(interior) 10. 南希放下窗簾，關了燈。(shade) 11. 小路向山下伸展，然后向北延伸。(angle) 12. 南城類似的房子要貴兩倍。(comparable) 13. 他的書法不錯，但是很難和你的相比。(compa

37、rable) 14. 鳥的翅膀可與魚的鰭相比。(comparable) 6 Thats the theory, but in practice, those goals arent always easy for Masdar to meet. Most Abu Dhabi citizens are used to keeping their air-conditioning as low as 60F, but in Masdar, AC needs to be set closer to 77F to meet its eff

38、iciency targets. Masdar managers have to monitor exactly how much electricity every room in the city is using and keep citizens in line. This demonstrates that even the best green buildings with the best technology work less well when the X factor of actual residents is included. Some behavioral reg

39、ulations are necessary. The weather can be as hard to predict as the people: the solar-photovoltaic field just outside Masdar, which supplies much of the citys power, works a lot less well when occasional sandstorms affect the solar cells, reducing their efficiency. 請預覽后下載！ 7 Will Masdar City e

40、ver become a real city? Its difficult to imagine. The behavioral regulations and controlled design that keep Masdar green might also limit the qualities that mark a living city — not to mention potential residents who might not want to follow such strict rules. Yet even if Masdar City fails to becom

41、e everything its planners dreamed, the project will still have enormous value as a living lab for green ideas of future cities. 8 Some of Masdars technology — like those slightly silly PRT cars — may not have a future. But other ideas — like the wind tower or those sunlight-deflecting windows — wi

42、ll have real value at a time when more than half the worlds population lives in cities. No one knows the answer to the energy and climate challenges the planet faces, which is why experiments matter — even the ones in the desert. 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 作為一名資深的項目總監(jiān)，她本應該能夠監(jiān)控到他們的進展。(monitor) 2. 他將監(jiān)督該公司

43、規(guī)章制度的執(zhí)行情況。(monitor) 3. 所有交通事故中，有10%主要是由酒后駕車引起。(factor) 4. 耐力是體育運動中取得勝利的關鍵因素。(factor) 5. 這次地震早在幾天前就已預報到了。(predict) 6. 沒人能確切地預測下一個科技大變革是什么。(predict) 7. 我偶然跟他閑聊，說笑話。(occasional) 8. 他現(xiàn)在只是為了應酬偶爾抽根雪茄。(occasional) 6. Unit 3 James Cameron’s Ambition 1 In 1977, a 22-year-old t

44、ruck driver named James Cameron went to see Star Wars with a pal. His friend enjoyed the movie; Cameron walked out of the theater ready to punch something. He was a college dropout but in his free time he wrote stories set in galaxies far, far away. 請預覽后下載！ He had been daydreaming about the kin

45、d of world that George Lucas had just brought to life. Star Wars was the film he should have made. 2 Back home he bought some cheap movie equipment and started trying to figure out how Lucas had done it. He set up blindingly bright lights in the living room and rolled a camera along a track to prac

46、tice shots. He spent days reading everything he could about special effects. He became completely obsessed. 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 這個鏡頭持續(xù)了兩秒鐘。(shot) 2. 他調(diào)整照相機鏡頭拍攝遠景。(shot) 3. 鏡頭慢慢移動拍攝房間全景。(shot) 4. 她并沒有愛上史蒂夫，只是被他的外表迷住了。(obsessed) 5. 我只是不明白為什么現(xiàn)在的人那么著迷電視劇。(obsessed) 6. 他老是害怕失業(yè)。(obsessed) 3 He quickl

47、y realized that he was going to need some money, so he persuaded some local dentists to invest $20,000 in his version of Star Wars. He used the money to shoot a 12-minute clip that featured a fight scene between an alien robot and a woman. 4 His plan was to use the clip to get a studio to back a fu

48、ll-length feature film. After peddling it around Hollywood for months, his effort did yield something worthwhile: a job with director Roger Corman. Hired to build miniature spaceships for a Corman film, Cameron worked his way up to become a visual effects specialist. In 1981, he made it to the direc

49、tor’s chair, overseeing a horror picture. 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 盜版版本是對原版的低劣復制。(version) 2. 這本書有免費的和付費版本。(version) 3. 這是她最近一部電影的片段。(clip) 4. 該14分鐘的視頻片段被認為是有史以來最有影響力的音樂錄像帶之一。(clip) 5. 那棵樹結(jié)了很多果實。 (yield) 6. 他們作了長時間的搜查，但沒有找到任何線索。(yield) 7. 近視是一個視力缺陷。(visual) 8. 視覺藝術(shù)是指相對于音樂和文學而言的繪畫、舞蹈等。(visual)

50、 請預覽后下載！ 5 One night, after an editing session, Cameron went to sleep and dreamed that he saw a robot clawing toward a frightened woman. Cameron soon used it as the basis for a script about a robot assassin sent back to kill the mother of a future rebel leader. When it was released in

51、1984, The Terminator suddenly established James Cameron as a leading director. 6 Over the next 10 years, Cameron directed a series of daring films, including Aliens, The Abyss, Terminator 2: Judgment Day, and True Lies. Their worldwide success gave Cameron the prestige to realize his dream of outdo

52、ing Lucas. So in 1995, he wrote an 82-page outline about a paralyzed soldier’s virtual quest on a faraway planet after Earth becomes a wasteland. The alien world called Pandora is populated by the Na’vi, 10-foot-tall blue humanoids with catlike faces and lizard-like tails. Pandora’s atmosphere is so

53、 toxic to humans that scientists grow genetically engineered versions of the Na’vi- the so-called avatars that can be linked to a human’s consciousness, allowing remote control of the creature’s body. Cameron thought that this project — titled Avatar — could be his next blockbuster after Titanic–the

54、 little adventure-romance that won 11 Oscars. So what did he do? 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 牛津和劍橋這兩所老牌大學仍然很有聲望。(prestige) 2. 隨著市場份額的下降，傳統(tǒng)金融中心喪失的不僅僅是聲望。(prestige) 3. 他不能停止為治療各種疾病而做出不斷探索。(quest) 4. 他們?yōu)閷ふ尹S金而長途跋涉。(quest) 5. 他畢生都在進行精神探索。(quest) 6. 在島的這一邊居住的主要是漁民。(populate) 7. 這個城市里居住著來自世界各地的移民。(populate) 8.

55、他們是生活于大洋洋底的生物。(creature) 9. 鱷魚是一種模樣古怪的動物。(creature) 8. 請預覽后下載！ 7 He disappeared for 12 years. He would not release Avatar until December 18, 2009. Why did it take one of the most powerful men in Hollywood so long to come out with a single film? 8 In part, the answer is that

56、it’s not easy to outdo George Lucas. Cameron needed to invent a suite of moviemaking technologies, push theaters nationwide to retool, and imagine every detail of an alien world. And there’s much more than that. 9 Cameron once presented his concept for Avatar at a meeting with his visual effects te

57、am. He explained that the main characters were 10-foot-tall blue aliens with narrow waists and powerful legs. They had to look utterly real, and would have to be computer-generated. But his team told him that was impossible. “It can’t be done. The technology doesn’t exist.” 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 這次事故引起公眾

58、對核動力問題的廣泛關注。 (generate) 2. 勞動部長說這些改革將帶來新的工作。(generate) 10 But Cameron was relieved. He said “It was time to go play.” 11 During a scuba diving trip in the summer of 2000, he asked Vincent Pace, an underwater camera specialist a question: What would it take to build a high-definition rig t

59、hat could deliver feature-film quality in both 2-D and 3-D? Pace wasn’t sure — he knew about the cheap red-and-blue paper glasses of conventional 3-D filmmaking. They were notoriously uncomfortable, and the images could cause headaches. Cameron believed there must be a way to do it better: with the

60、invention of the next generation of cameras that would be easy to handle, digital, high-resolution, 3-D. 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 他在開場白中講了幾句老套的話，隨即做了一次非常精彩的演講。(conventional) 2. 我恐怕在個人愛好方面是相當守舊的。(conventional) 12 Two months later, Cameron and Pace were sitting in front of the engineers at Sony’s hi-

61、def-camera 請預覽后下載！ division. Sony agreed to establish a new line of cameras, and after three months, they had fitted the lenses into a rig that allowed an operator to precisely control the 3-D imaging. 13 The new camera performed well, delivering accurate 3-D images that wouldn’t cause headach

62、es over watching a long movie. 14 However, unfortunately, theaters were not adopting the technology. It would cost approximately $100,000 per theater. Cameron needed some high-profile 3-D films that could generate enough revenue to convince them that it would pay off. 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 他在公司的出口部工作。(di

63、vision) 2. 愛立信把它的手機部門賣給了索尼。(division) 3. 警方強調(diào)這是迄今對兇手最精確的描述。(accurate) 4. 我們要求語法與拼寫正確無誤。 (accurate) 15 So he decided to let the director of Spy Kids 3-D test his system using the new camera. Released in the summer of 2003, the film made $200 million worldwide, but theaters remained reluctan

64、t to invest in the technology. 16 Cameron decided to talk to theater owners directly. He told them that the world was “entering a new age of cinema” and that those who didn’t switch would regret it. By the end of the year only 79 theaters in the US could show digital 3-D movies but between 2005 and

65、 2009, they added some 3,000 screens capable of showing digital 3-D. 17 The lack of 3-D theaters wasn’t the only thing holding Cameron back. He was still looking for a way to make Avatar even more elaborate. 重點單詞的句子翻譯： 1. 他十分勉強地承認了自己的錯誤。(reluctant) 2. 他們不愿意請求幫助。(reluctant) 3. 現(xiàn)在是投資的最佳時機。(invest

66、) 4. 他全力以赴學習英語。(invest) 5. 她為那事費盡心血。(invest) 6. 查爾斯王子于1969年受封為威爾士親王。(invest) 請預覽后下載！ 18 He hired the linguistic expert Paul Frommer to invent an entirely new language for the Na’vi. Frommer asked Cameron what he wanted the language to sound like? To narrow the options, he recorded a handful of samples for Cameron. 19 The director liked ejective consonants, a popping utterance that resembles choking. Frommer then started developing the language’s basic gra