高二英語選修6 Grammar[虛擬語氣] 課件

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1、虛擬語氣虛擬語氣虛擬語氣是動詞的一種形式，虛擬語氣是動詞的一種形式，表示說話人說的話表示說話人說的話與事實不符與事實不符，是一種是一種假設(shè)、愿望，猜測假設(shè)、愿望，猜測。If If 條件句中的運用條件句中的運用情況情況條件從句中謂語條件從句中謂語動詞形式動詞形式主句中謂語動詞形式主句中謂語動詞形式1)1)與與現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在事實相反事實相反2)2)與與過去過去事實相反事實相反3)3)與與將來將來事實相反事實相反動詞過去式動詞過去式(be(be用用werewere，適用，適用于各種人稱于各種人稱) )should (would, could, should (would, could, might) +m

2、ight) +動詞原形動詞原形had + had + 過去分詞過去分詞should ( would, could, should ( would, could, might) + have + might) + have + 過去過去分詞分詞1)1)動詞過去式動詞過去式2)should + 2)should + 動詞原形動詞原形3)were + to do3)were + to doshould (would, could, should (would, could, might) +might) +動詞原形動詞原形1)與現(xiàn)在事實相反與現(xiàn)在事實相反如果我有時間，我如果我有時間，我現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在就和你

3、去電影院。就和你去電影院。 2 )與將來事實相反與將來事實相反 如果我今晚見到他，我將會讓你知道的。如果我今晚見到他，我將會讓你知道的。3) 與過去事實相反與過去事實相反如果我昨天見了你的話，我會告訴你這件事的。如果我昨天見了你的話，我會告訴你這件事的。If I had time, I would go to the cinema with you now.If I saw him tonight, I should let you know.If I had met you yesterday, I should have told you about it.4） 注意錯綜虛擬注意錯綜虛擬(

4、 (錯綜時間條件句錯綜時間條件句) )：-主句和從句的動作主句和從句的動作不是發(fā)生在同一時間不是發(fā)生在同一時間，其動，其動詞形式要根據(jù)時間而定。詞形式要根據(jù)時間而定。a.如果你早聽醫(yī)生的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會好多了如果你早聽醫(yī)生的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會好多了。 b.如果那時沒有你的幫助的話，我現(xiàn)在就不會成如果那時沒有你的幫助的話，我現(xiàn)在就不會成功了。功了。If you had listened to the doctors advice, you would be better now.If it hadnt been for your help then, I would not succeed now

5、.5） 若若省去省去if,則須將助動詞則須將助動詞_提前，進行部分倒裝。提前，進行部分倒裝。were, should, had =Should he act like that again, he would be fired immediately. If you were the manager here, what would you do?=Were you the manager here, what would you do? If you had come a little earlier, you would have seen her. =Had you come a lit

6、tle earlier, you would have seen her.If he should act like that again, he would be fired immediately.6 6） 含蓄條件句含蓄條件句But for your advice, I _it so successfully.The change_ without the open-door policy.I was so busy then; Otherwise, I _him the answercould not have donecould not have taken placewould h

7、ave told有時假設(shè)的情況并不以條件從句表示出來有時假設(shè)的情況并不以條件從句表示出來,二是暗含在上下文中二是暗含在上下文中,比如通過介詞短語比如通過介詞短語but for，without，otherwise來表示來表示.2.wish, if only, as if/ as though, would 2.wish, if only, as if/ as though, would rather, should prefer + rather, should prefer + 從句中虛擬得運用：從句中虛擬得運用：過去時虛擬現(xiàn)在，用過去完成時虛擬過過去時虛擬現(xiàn)在，用過去完成時虛擬過去去 1）.

8、wish 賓語從句中：賓語從句中：I wish you _tomorrow.(come)How I wish I _to the moon.(fly)I wish I _her address.(remember)She wishes she _before.(know me)could comecould fly rememberedhad known me2）. if only If only we _each other again. (see)If only I _to his advice. (listen)could seehad listened3）. as if / as th

9、ough He speaks English as if he _a foreigner.(be)She talked about it as if he _with his own eyes.(see)lThe clouds are so thick as if_.(rain)werehad seenit is going to rain4）. would rather/should prefer 賓語從句賓語從句Id rather you _tomorrow.(come)Id rather I _him yesterday.(see)camehad seen3.suggest (3.sug

10、gest (建議建議), insist, demand, desire, ), insist, demand, desire, order, request, advise, recommend, requireorder, request, advise, recommend, require等詞后加等詞后加賓語從句賓語從句及其對應(yīng)的及其對應(yīng)的名詞所引導(dǎo)的名詞所引導(dǎo)的從句從句以及以及It Its suggested/insisted thats suggested/insisted that 從句從句中中應(yīng)使用應(yīng)使用(should) do(should) do (1)媽媽堅持說我感冒了而且堅

11、持讓我去看醫(yī)生，媽媽堅持說我感冒了而且堅持讓我去看醫(yī)生，但我堅持說我沒病。但我堅持說我沒病。(2)The boss put forward some advice that_(3)Its suggested that he_.(go home)Mother insisted that I had caught a cold and that I go to see the doctor but I insisted that I was not ill.the work be started at once.should go home他必須立即還那本詞典。他必須立即還那本詞典。 我們學(xué)好英語

12、是非常重要的。我們學(xué)好英語是非常重要的。It is important that we study English well.4.在在 It is strange/ natural / important / necessary that sb (should) doIt is necessary that he return the dictionary immediately. 5.Its (high) time sb did/sb. should do sth Its high time you should get up.Its high time you got up.你該起床了。你

13、該起床了。I I_ _to you as soon as I got to you as soon as I got there, but I was too busy to do so. there, but I was too busy to do so. = I= I _ _to you as soon as I to you as soon as I got theregot there， but I was too busy to do so. but I was too busy to do so.6. 6. 含有含有“希望、打算、期望希望、打算、期望”等意義的動詞的過等意義的動詞

14、的過去式之后去式之后(expected, hoped, intended, meant, (expected, hoped, intended, meant, promised, should/would like) + to have donepromised, should/would like) + to have done，表，表示希望、打算、期望做的事沒有做。這些動詞的示希望、打算、期望做的事沒有做。這些動詞的過去完成式后接不定式的一般式過去完成式后接不定式的一般式也表達同樣的意也表達同樣的意思。思。我原想一到那兒就給你寫信，但我太忙了，我原想一到那兒就給你寫信，但我太忙了，就沒有寫

15、。就沒有寫。meant to have writtenmeant to have writtenhad meant to writehad meant to write7：虛擬語氣表祝愿：虛擬語氣表祝愿： 1）may+v.原形原形 May you be happy! 2) Long live the King(friendship)!8.目的狀語從句里的虛擬語氣：目的狀語從句里的虛擬語氣： 1）in order that/so that接的從句中現(xiàn)在時接的從句中現(xiàn)在時用用may,can,will+v.原形；過去時用原形；過去時用could,should,might+v.原形原形 2）for f

16、ear that,in case, lest(以免以免)引導(dǎo)目引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句常用虛擬語氣的狀語從句常用虛擬語氣e.g. He took his raincoat with him in case it should rain. To be frank, Id rather you had not been involved in the case.1.1.坦白說坦白說, ,我寧愿我寧愿(would rather)(would rather)你沒有介入你沒有介入(be (be involved in)involved in)這個案子。這個案子。2.2.我們本來希望我們本來希望(had hope

17、d)(had hoped)創(chuàng)辦自己的公司，但創(chuàng)辦自己的公司，但 我們沒有足夠的錢。我們沒有足夠的錢。We had hoped to start our own company, but we never had enough money. Super-translator:Super-translator:3.3.老師勸（建議）我們在參觀博物館時盡可能老師勸（建議）我們在參觀博物館時盡可能 （as as)as as)地聚精會神地聚精會神(attentive)(attentive)。Our teacher advised that we be as attentive as possible w

18、hen visiting the museum.4.4.有人提議有人提議(propose)(propose)這個問題在下一次會議上這個問題在下一次會議上討論。討論。It was proposed that the matter (should) be It was proposed that the matter (should) be discussed at the next meeting.discussed at the next meeting.5. 5. 申請表申請表務(wù)請務(wù)請(necessary/essential)(necessary/essential)在截止日期在截止日期(d

19、eadline)(deadline)前送回。前送回。It was essential that the application forms It was essential that the application forms (should ) be sent back before the deadline.(should ) be sent back before the deadline.Grammar in use:Grammar in use:BCCDB; CADDB;BCCDB; CADDB;CBBBB; BACDC;CBBBB; BACDC;BDCBDC1.-Why didnt

20、 you buy the recorder? -I _but I couldnt afford the money. A.would B. would like to C.would have D.had bought2.He would gain weight, but he _much. A.doesnt eat B.didnt eat C.hadnt eaten D.had eaten3.Heres some money in case you _it. A.should need B.needed C.needing D.to need4.A good doctor saved him

21、, or else he _. A. must have died B.must die C. may have died D.might have diedCAAD5. He insisted that everyone _ a copy of the song book. A.have B.had C.has D.to have6._the friendship between us last forever! A.Could B.Will C.May D.Wish7._your timely treatment, I would have died. A.For all B.Instea

22、d of C.But for D.Owing to 8.Its about time you _the pills. A.will take B.should take C.must take D.takenACCB9.It is necessary that pollution _. A.be got rid of B.get rid of C.would be got rid of D.to be got rid of 10.It is natural that he _feel lonely. A.could B.might C.would D./11.Your advice that

23、she _till next week is reasonable. A.will wait B.is going to wait C.waits D.wait12.We accepted the suggestion that the meeting _till next week. A.will be put off B.be put off C.must be out off D.is put offADDB13. If it _rain, we _wet. A.were to ; should get B.were; would C.had; would have got D.was

24、going to; would get14.Id rather you _ tomorrow. A.would not come B.didnt come C.hadnt come D.wont come15.I dont know the man. I wish I _him. A.know B.will know C.have know D.knew16.How I wish it _ now! A.were not raining B.is not raining C.not rain D.should not rainABDA17. When a pencil is partly in

25、 a glass of water, it looks as if it _. A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken18. It is suggested that a plan _ right now. A.is made B.is to be made C.had been made D.be made19.The expression on her face suggested that she _very excited at the news. A.were B.is C.has been D.was20.If it were not for the fact that you _busy, wed like to invite you to join us now. A.be B.are C.were D.beingCDDB