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1、中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)課件中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)課件 倒裝句倒裝句1、 倒裝句之全部倒裝。倒裝句之全部倒裝。 全部倒裝是只將句子全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全部置于中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全部置于主語(yǔ)之前。此結(jié)構(gòu)通常主語(yǔ)之前。此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一只用與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)。常見(jiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)般過(guò)去時(shí)。常見(jiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)有:有: (1)here, there, now, then, thus等副詞置于句首等副詞置于句首, 謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用動(dòng)詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。 There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter.
2、 (2) 表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)置于句首,謂語(yǔ)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。語(yǔ)置于句首,謂語(yǔ)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. 注意:上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)注意:上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)必須是名詞,如果主語(yǔ)是人的主語(yǔ)必須是名詞,如果主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。稱代詞則不能完全倒裝。 Here he comes.Away they went.2、 倒裝句之部分倒裝。倒裝句之部分倒裝。部分倒裝是指將謂語(yǔ)的一部部分倒裝是指將謂語(yǔ)的一部分如助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)倒裝至主分
3、如助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)倒裝至主語(yǔ)之前。語(yǔ)之前。如果句中的謂語(yǔ)沒(méi)如果句中的謂語(yǔ)沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,則需有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,則需添加助動(dòng)詞添加助動(dòng)詞do, does或或did,并將其置于主語(yǔ)之前。并將其置于主語(yǔ)之前。(1)句首為否定或半否定的詞語(yǔ),)句首為否定或半否定的詞語(yǔ),如如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until 等。等。 Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question
4、. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 當(dāng)當(dāng)Not until引出主從復(fù)合句,主句倒引出主從復(fù)合句,主句倒裝,從句不倒裝。裝,從句不倒裝。 注意:如否定詞不在句注意:如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。首不倒裝。I have never seen such a performance. The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep. 典型例題:典型例題: (1)Why cant I smoke here? At no time_ in the
5、meeting-room. A. is smoking permittedB. smoking is permittedC. smoking is it permittedD. does smoking permit答案答案A. 這是一個(gè)倒裝問(wèn)題。這是一個(gè)倒裝問(wèn)題。當(dāng)否定詞語(yǔ)置于句首以表示強(qiáng)當(dāng)否定詞語(yǔ)置于句首以表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí),其句中的主謂須用倒裝調(diào)時(shí),其句中的主謂須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)。 這些否定詞包括這些否定詞包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。本題的等。本題的正常語(yǔ)序是正常語(yǔ)序是 Smoking is permitte
6、d in the meeting-room at no time.(2) Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is.A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know 答案答案D??吹娇吹絅ot until的句型,我們知的句型,我們知道為一倒裝句,答案在道為一倒裝句,答案在C,D 中選一個(gè)。中選一個(gè)。 改寫(xiě)為正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)?,改?xiě)為正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)椋琈an did not know what heat is until the early years of
7、 the 19th. 現(xiàn)在將現(xiàn)在將not提前,提前,后面就不能再用否定了后面就不能再用否定了,否則意思就否則意思就變了。變了。3、以否定詞開(kāi)頭作部分倒裝。、以否定詞開(kāi)頭作部分倒裝。如:如:Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No sooner than。Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gon
8、e out than a student came to visit her. 典型例題:典型例題:No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily.A. the game began B. has the game begunC. did the game begin D. had the game begun答案答案 D。 以具有否定意義的副詞放在句以具有否定意義的副詞放在句首時(shí),一般采用倒裝句首時(shí),一般采用倒裝句(謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)前置前置)。這類(lèi)表示否定意義的。這類(lèi)表示否定意義的詞有詞有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, n
9、ot, hardly, 以及以及not onlybut (also), no soonerthan, hardly when scarcely when 等等。等等。注意:只有當(dāng)注意:只有當(dāng)Not only but also連接兩個(gè)分句時(shí),才在第連接兩個(gè)分句時(shí),才在第一個(gè)分句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果置一個(gè)分句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如果置于句首的于句首的Not only but also僅連接兩個(gè)并列詞語(yǔ),不可用僅連接兩個(gè)并列詞語(yǔ),不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Not only you but also I am fond of music.4、so, neither, nor作部分倒裝。作部分倒裝。表示表示也也、也
10、不也不 的句子的句子要部分倒裝。要部分倒裝。Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If you wont go, neither will I. 典型例題:典型例題:Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? I dont know, _. A. nor dont I careB. nor do I careC. I dont care neither D. I dont care also 答案:答案:B。nor為增補(bǔ)意思為增補(bǔ)意思也不關(guān)心也不關(guān)心,因此句子應(yīng)倒裝。因此句子應(yīng)倒裝。A錯(cuò)在用錯(cuò)在用 dont 再次否再次
11、否定,定, C neither 用法不對(duì)且缺乏連詞。用法不對(duì)且缺乏連詞。 D缺乏連詞。缺乏連詞。 注意:注意:當(dāng)當(dāng)so引出的句子用以引出的句子用以對(duì)上文內(nèi)容加以證實(shí)或肯定對(duì)上文內(nèi)容加以證實(shí)或肯定時(shí),不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。意為時(shí),不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。意為 “的確如此的確如此”。Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. Its raining hard.So it is.5、only在句首要倒裝的情況。在句首要倒裝的情況。Only in this way, can you learn English well.Only after being ask
12、ed three times did he come to the meeting. 如果句子為主從復(fù)合句,則主句如果句子為主從復(fù)合句,則主句倒裝,從句不倒裝倒裝,從句不倒裝 。例如:。例如:Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.6、as, though 引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的倒裝句。倒裝句。as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須將表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前句必須將表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前(形容詞(形容詞, 副詞副詞, 分詞分詞, 實(shí)義實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前)。動(dòng)詞提前)。注意:注意:(1)句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。)句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。 (2)
13、句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞, 其他助動(dòng)詞其他助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語(yǔ)放在主語(yǔ)后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ),隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語(yǔ)之隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語(yǔ)之前。前。 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 注意注意:讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,有讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,有though,although時(shí),時(shí),后面的主句不能有后面的主句不能有but,但是但是 though 和和yet可連可連用。用。7、 其他部分倒裝。其他部分倒裝。(1)so that 句型中的句型中的so 位于句首時(shí),需倒裝
14、。位于句首時(shí),需倒裝。So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. (2)在某些表示祝愿的句型中:)在某些表示祝愿的句型中:例如:例如:May you all be happy. (3)在虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件句中從句謂)在虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件句中從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有were, had, should等詞,等詞,可將可將if 省略,把省略,把 were, had, should 移到主語(yǔ)之前,采取部分倒裝。移到主語(yǔ)之前,采取部分倒裝。例如:例如:Were I you, I would try it again. 典型例題:典型例題:(1)
15、 Not until the early years of the 19th century_ what heat is. A. man did know B. man knew C. didnt man know D. did man know答案為答案為D. 否定詞否定詞Not在句首,要在句首,要求用部分倒裝的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。求用部分倒裝的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。(2) Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realizeB. did I realizeC. I didnt realizeD. I realize答
16、案為答案為B。 (3)Do you know Tom bought a new car? I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neitherD. I dont care also 解析:答案為解析:答案為B.句中的句中的nor引出部分引出部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),表示倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),表示 也不也不。由。由 so, neither, nor引導(dǎo)的倒裝句,表示前一引導(dǎo)的倒裝句,表示前一情況的重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。其中情況的重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。其中, so用于肯定句用于肯定句, 而而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。用在否定句中。Homework:按照倒裝句的按照倒裝句的用法造句。用法造句。