泛讀教程unit 4 workppt課件

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Unit4WhyPeopleWork i i 1 Lead in Whydopeoplework apartfromearningaliving 2 Lead in FamousSayings Workisthegrandcureforallthemaladiesandmiseriesthateverbesetmankind ThoasCarlyle Britishhistorian 工作是良藥 能醫(yī)治一切困擾人的疾苦 英國歷史學家卡萊爾 T 2 Workbanishesthosethreegreatevils boredom vice andpoverty Voltaire FrenchPhilosopher 工作攆跑三個魔鬼 無聊 墮落和貧窮 法國哲學家伏爾泰 3 ToyouthIhavethreewordsofcounsel work workandwork OttoBtismarck Gremanstatesman 對于青年 我的忠告只有三個詞 工作 工作 工作 德國政治家俾斯麥 O 3 Lead in 4 Idonotlikework nomandoes butIlikewhatisinthework thechancetofindyourself ConradJoseph Britishnovelist 我不喜歡工作 沒有人會喜歡工作 但是我喜歡在所從事的工作中 找到發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的機會 英國小說家約瑟夫 C 5 Oneofthesymptomsofapproachingnervousbreakdownisthebeliefthatone s workisterriblyimportant andthattotakeaholidaywouldbringallkindsofdisaster IfIwereamedicalman Ishouldprecribeaholidaytomanypatientwhoconsiceredhisworkimportant BernardRussell Britishphilosopher 神經(jīng)即將崩潰的癥狀之一是相信自己的工作極端重要 休假將會帶來種種災(zāi)難 如果我是醫(yī)生 我給這樣的病人開的藥方是 休假 英國哲學家羅素 B 6 Todogreatworkamanmustbeveryidleaswellasveryindustrious SamuelBubler Americaneducator 要從事偉大的工作 一個人必須既非常勤勞又非?？臻e 美國教育家勃特勒 S 4 Lead in WorktoLive OR LivetoWork 5 Wordpretest 1 Therewasasmileofcontentmentontheteacher sfacewhenhesawthestudents performanceinthespeechcontest A Irony theexpressionofone smeaningbyusinglanguagethatnormallysignifiestheopposite typicallyforhumorousoremphaticeffect反話 諷刺B confusion uncertaintyaboutwhatishappening intended orrequired不確定 疑惑C satisfaction fulfilmentofone swishes expectations orneeds orthepleasurederivedfromthis滿意 滿足contentment noun astateofhappinessandsatisfaction滿意 滿足 6 Wordpretest 2 Hegraduallyaccumulatedalargenumberofbooks A collected adjective ofaperson notperturbedordistracted 人 鎮(zhèn)靜的 泰然自若的B appreciated appreciable pri b l adjective largeorimportantenoughtobenoticed大得 或重要得 可察覺到的 相當可觀的C wroteAccumulated gathertogetheroracquireanincreasingnumberorquantityof聚集 積累 7 Wordpretest 3 Manyphilosophersspendmuchoftheirtimeincontemplation A debating debate argueabout asubject especiallyinaformalmanner爭論 討論B thinkingC writingContemplation noun theactionoflookingthoughtfullyatsomethingforalongtime注視 凝視 8 Wordpretest 4 Anursehasmanydutiestofulfillincaringforthesick A provide verb makeavailableforuse supply提供 供應(yīng) 供給B carryout Ifyoucarryoutathreat task orinstruction youdoitoractaccordingtoit 實行C develop verb groworcausetogrowandbecomemoremature advanced orelaborate 使 成長 發(fā)育 發(fā)展Fulfill verb bringtocompletionorreality achieveorrealize somethingdesired promised orpredicted 完成 使應(yīng)驗 實現(xiàn) 愿望 諾言 預(yù)言 9 Wordpretest 5 Therewasnocompulsiononhimtogowithher Hecouldstayathomeifheliked A requirementB suggestionC force noun strengthorenergyasanattributeofphysicalactionormovement力 力量compulsion noun theactionorstateofforcingorbeingforcedtodosomething constraint 被 強迫 被 強制 10 Wordpretest 6 Hehasbeenexertingpressureonmetochangemymind A puttingB addingC lifting v raisetoahigherpositionorlevel抬起 舉起Exert verb applyorbringtobear aforce influence orquality 運用 力 施加 影響 發(fā)揮 品質(zhì) E g themoonexertsaforceontheEarth月球?qū)Φ厍蚴┘幼饔昧xertinginfluenceoverthenextgeneration對下一代施加影響 11 Wordpretest 7 Thetiredoldmancravedforwaterandsleep A desiredB askedC begged beg verb asksomeoneearnestlyorhumblyforsomething懇求某人給予 Crave verb feelapowerfuldesirefor something 渴望 熱望 12 Wordpretest 8 Eachpersonhashisuniquefingerprints A interestingB onlyC specialUnique adjective beingtheonlyoneofitskind unlikeanythingelse獨一無二的 獨特的 13 Wordpretest 9 Doyouthinkthatthesehigher than averagetemperaturesareattributabletoglobalwarming A responsibleforB relatedtoC causedbyAttribute verb regardsomethingasbeingcausedby把 歸因于 把 歸咎于E g heattributedthefirm ssuccesstotheeffortsofthemanagingdirector他把公司的成就歸功于總經(jīng)理的努力 14 Wordpretest 10 Vitaminsshouldnotbeusedasasubstituteforahealthydiet A medicine B ingredient noun anyofthefoodsorsubstancesthatarecombinedtomakeaparticulardish配料 原料C replacement n theactionorprocessofreplacingsomeoneorsomething替代 更換 復(fù)位substitute n apersonorthingactingorservinginplaceofanother代替物 v useoraddinplaceof用 代替E g Ifoundsomeonetosubstituteforme我找到了一個人接替我Customsofficerssubstitutedthedrugswithanothersubstance海關(guān)官員用另外一種東西替換了毒品 15 Text1WhyPeopleWork Globalreading 1 SkimthetextandfindoutthemainideaWorkcontributesalottohumansatisfation 2 Scanthepassageandanswerthemultiplechoicequestionsonpage54 Answer CAACCBBB 16 Text1AHistoryofMusicinAmerica Globalreading 3 Structureofthetextp 1 2 Introduction workprovidesmuchhappinessandcontentmenttous p 3 6 whypeopledonotrelateworkwithhumansatisfaction p 6 transitionp 7 8 Workcanrealizeone spotential whiletheabsenceofworkisfrightening p 9 12 whyshouldworkbesuchasignificantsourceofhumansatisfaction p 13 Conclusion 17 PARTONE Mainidea p 1 2 Introduction workprovidesmuchhappinessandcontentmenttous 18 PARTONE Whatcanjobsandworkprovideforpeople 19 LanguagePoints Iftherewere infact somewayofaddingupthecontributiontohumansatisfactionofthemajorhumaninstitutionsinsociety Iwouldguessthatworkinstitutionscontributeasurprisinglylargeshare L1 實際上 如果能夠計算出人類社會主要的風俗制度對人們獲得的滿足所作的貢獻 那我想工作制度的貢獻會比意料中大 20 LanguagePoints addup adding added adds PHRASALVERBIfyouaddupnumbersoramounts orifyouaddthemup youcalculatetheirtotal 把 加起來E g Addupthetotalofthosesixgames 把那 場比賽的總分加起來 Wejustaddedallthenumbersupanddividedonebytheother 我們只是把所有的數(shù)加起來 然后用一個除以另一個 21 LanguagePoints institution nst tju n CET4TEM4N COUNT N IN NAMESAninstitutionisalargeimportantorganizationsuchasauniversity church orbank 機構(gòu)E g financialinstitutions 金融機構(gòu) 22 LanguagePoints Iftherewere infact somewayofaddingupthecontributiontohumansatisfactionofthemajorhumaninstitutionsinsociety Iwouldguessthatworkinstitutionscontributeasurprisinglylargeshare L1 實際上 如果能夠計算出人類社會主要的風俗制度對人們獲得的滿足所作的貢獻 那我想工作制度的貢獻會比意料中大 23 LanguagePoints intangible n t nd b l thatcannotbeclearlyordefinitelyunderstoodorgrasped indefinable難以捉摸的 難以理解的 無法確定的 E g Theoldbuildinghadanintangibleairofsadnessaboutit 那座古老建筑物周圍籠罩著說不出的凄涼氣氛 他們倆的感情說不清道不明 Theirrelationshipisquiteintangible 24 LanguagePoints Well being N UNCOUNTSomeone swell beingistheirhealthandhappiness 健康快樂E g Singingcancreateasenseofwell being 唱歌能產(chǎn)生一種幸福感 25 LanguagePoints 分析 這是一個主從復(fù)合句 towhichworkprovidesthemoreintangible butmorecrucial psychologicalwell being是extent的定語從句 thatcanmakethedifferencebetweenafullandanemptylife是psychologicalwell being的定語從句 intangible crucial和psychological這三個形容詞很容易被誤認為是平行結(jié)構(gòu) 事實上 intangible crucial是修飾psychologicalwell being的 翻譯本句不能用直譯 例如extent就不能直接譯出來 故采用意譯為主 26 PARTTWO Mainidea p 3 5whypeopledonotrelateworkwithhumansatisfaction Historicalreasons a theGreeksb TheMiddleAges 27 Whyisitasurprisetolearnthatworkhaspositivecontributiontotheindividual shappiness 28 CulturalNotes Plato 427 347BC anancientGreekphilosopher whohadaverygreatinfluenceonEuropeanphilosophy Heexplainedhisideasintheformofwrittenconversations HisteacherwasSocrates andafterSocrates deathheestablishedaschoolcalledtheAcademy whereAristotlewasoneofhisstudents HismostfamousworkisTheRepublic abouttheperfectstateandformofgovernment 29 LanguagePoints Restrict r str kt V TIfyourestrictsomethingtoaparticulargroup onlythatgroupcandoitorhaveit Ifyourestrictsomethingtoaparticularplace itisallowedonlyinthatplace 限定E g Trusteeshaddecidedtorestrictuniversityentrytoabout30percentofapplicants 董事們已經(jīng)決定把大學入學率限定在申請人數(shù)的30 左右 30 accumulate kju mj le t CET4TEM4 accumulating accumulated accumulates graduallygetorgathertogetheranincreasingnumberorquantityof sth get sth inthisway積累 聚積 某物 聚集而成 某事物 E g accumulateenoughevidencetoensurehisconviction搜集足夠的證據(jù)以給他定罪Byinvestingwiselysheaccumulatedafortune 她由於投資精明而積蓄了一筆財產(chǎn) 31 compulsion k m p l n n todosth U compellingorbeingcompelled強迫 強制 被迫 Irefusetoactundercompulsion 我決不能讓人逼著做事 C urge esptobehaveinanirrationalway thatonecannotresist 不能克制的 欲望 沖動 要求 尤指不合情理的行為 acompulsiontodestroythings毀物欲 32 PARTTHREE Mainidea p 7 8 Workcanrealizeone spotential whiletheabsenceofworkisfrightening 33 Whydoinstitutionsdealingwithmentalhealthproblemsestablishworkshop Whataretheeffectsoftheabsenceofwork 34 LanguagePoints renew r nju CET4TEM4 renewing renewed renews 1 V TIfyourenewanactivity youbeginitagain 重新開始E g HerenewedhisattackongovernmentpolicytowardEurope 他重新開始抨擊政府的歐洲政策 2 V TYoucansaythatsomethingisrenewedwhenitgrowsagainorisreplacedafterithasbeendestroyedorlost 獲得新生 遭毀壞或損失后 再生E g Nature srepairprocessisslowandsteady withcellsbeingconstantlyrenewed 自然的修復(fù)過程緩慢而穩(wěn)定 在此過程中細胞不斷再生 35 LanguagePoints acute kju t CET4TEM41 ADJYoucanuseacutetoindicatethatanundesirablesituationorfeelingisverysevereorintense 嚴峻的E g Thewarhasaggravatedanacuteeconomiccrisis 這場戰(zhàn)爭加劇了一場嚴峻的經(jīng)濟危機 Thereporthascausedacuteembarrassmenttothegovernment 這份報告使政府極其尷尬 36 PARTFOUR Mainidea p 9 12 Asenseofaccomplishmentinworkisasignificantsourceofhumansatisfaction 37 Whatcanwealthypeoplegetfromtheirwork Accordingtothepassage whatcanenrichourpersonalityandmakeuseofourselves 38 stimulate st mj le t CET4TEM4 stimulating stimulated stimulates 1 V TTostimulatesomethingmeanstoencourageittobeginordevelopfurther 鼓勵 刺激E G America spriorityisrightlytostimulateitseconomy 美國的首要任務(wù)自然是刺激經(jīng)濟 39 attributable L52 tr bj t bl adj pred作表語 tosb sththatcanbeattributedtosb sth可歸屬或歸因於某人 某事物 E g IsthispaintingattributabletoMichelangelo 這幅畫是米開朗琪羅畫的嗎 attribute tr bj t v Tn pr sthtosb sthregardsthasbelongingto causedbyorproducedbysb sth歸因于 Heattributeshissuccesstothehelpofhiswife 他認為能成功是由於他老婆的幫助 40 PARTFIVE p 13 Conclusion 41 Canwegainanequivalentamountofprideandfulfillmentifwedonotwork Why 42 Itisprobablynotmuchmoresensibletoaskthequestionaboutworkingtoliveandlivingtoworkthanitistoplaythe live to eatoreat to live theme L56 問有關(guān)為活而工作和為工作而活的問題跟討論 為吃而生存或為生存而吃 的主題相比 高明不到哪去 43 Text1WhyPeopleWork Postreading Readingcomprehension Answer CAACCBBB 44 Text1WhyPeopleWork Postreading Useofenglish Gooff 1 PHRASALVERBIfanexplosivedeviceoragungoesoff itexplodesorfires 炸彈 爆炸 槍 開擊2 PHRASALVERBIfanalarmbellgoesoff itmakesasuddenloudnoise 警報器 突發(fā)巨響3 PHRASALVERBIfanelectricaldevicegoesoff itstopsoperating 電氣設(shè)備 停止運作 45 Text1WhyPeopleWork Useofenglish Goover PHRASALVERBIfyougooveradocument incident orproblem youexamine discuss orthinkaboutitverycarefully 仔細檢查e g Iwon tknowhowsuccessfulitisuntilanaccountanthasgoneoverthebooks 我要等到會計仔細查看了賬目后才會知道盈利狀況如何 Gobackon HRASALVERBIfyougobackonapromiseoragreement youdonotdowhatyoupromisedoragreedtodo 背離 諾言 協(xié)議等 e g Thebudgetcrisishasforcedthepresidenttogobackonhisword 預(yù)算危機已迫使該總統(tǒng)背離了自己的承諾 46 Text1WhyPeopleWork Useofenglish Goround 四處走動 供應(yīng) 消息 流傳Gooutofbusiness 停止經(jīng)商 歇業(yè) 生意失敗Gofrombadtoworse 處境 行為 病情等 越來越壞 越來越糟 每況愈下 47 Text1WhyPeopleWork Useofenglish 1 BythetimeIopenedthecanitscontentshadgoneoff 2 I llgooverhowitworksbeforeyoutryityourself 3 Iwastoldthatitwouldberepairedfreeofcharge butthemanintheshophasgonebackonhispromise 4 Thebookwassopopularthatthereweren tenoughcopiestogoaround 5 Hisshophasgoneoutofbusinessaftermakingheavylosses 6 Tradehasgonefrombadtoworseandstaffarebeinglaidoff 48 Text1WhyPeopleWork Postreading STEMS BADAAC 49 Unit4Work SectionB ACBFTFACDBCBTFT 50 Unit4Work SectionC FTFTFTFTFT 51 Thankyou 52