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Unit 1 A land of diversity [基礎(chǔ)回顧] Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空(導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)02516335) 1．She was 　hired　 (hire) on the strength of her puter skills. 2．The majority of the interviewees 　prefer　 (prefer) watching TV at home to going to the cinema. 3．She became the first black woman 　to be elected　 (elect) to the Senate. 4．It suddenly occurred 　to　 him that he should adopt the homeless child. 5．We should not have 　racial　 (race) discrimination. 6．I wish to be considered as an 　applicant　 (apply) for the position. 7．Whoever breaks the school rules will surely receive 　punishment　 (punish)． 8．The bell 　indicating　 (indicate) the end of the class, interrupted our heated discussion. 9．　Apparently　 (apparent), the iPods, if used properly, are helpful to our study, especially to our English listening. 10．Great changes have taken place since our country 　reformed　 (reform) and opened to the outside world 30 years ago. Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每句一錯(cuò))(導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)02516336) 1．The majority of the students has passed their biology exam.　has→have　 2．Emerson would always take down new ideas that were occurred to him.　去掉were　 3．A great many of houses were knocked down in the earthquake.　去掉of　 4．We regret to inform you that our pany has hired on another girl for the job of secretary.　去掉on　 5．Having punished by his boss, he was in a very bad mood.　Having后加been　 Ⅲ.佳句寫(xiě)作(導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)02516337) 1．人們相信，未來(lái)越來(lái)越多的人將飛向月球。(It is believed that...) 答案：It is believed that more and more people will fly to the moon in the future. 2．這就是我早早離去的原因。(That is why...) 答案：That is why I left so early. 3．很有可能志愿者來(lái)幫忙打掃街道。(It is likely that...) 答案：It is likely that volunteers are ing to help sweep the streets. 4．他好像沒(méi)理解我說(shuō)的話。(take in) 答案：He seems not to take in what I said. 5．你當(dāng)時(shí)難道沒(méi)想到他在撒謊嗎？(It occurs to sb. that...) 答案：Didnt it occur to you that he was lying? [技能提升] Ⅰ.閱讀理解(導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)02516338) (2018石家莊模擬)I was born an albino(白化病人) in Pennaylvania in 1945. No one in my family had ever known what an albino was and what it meant to be an albino. My parents treated me just like they treated everybody else. That was just about the best thing they could have done. It helped me trust myself, so when the anger came along, I could deal with it. Like most albinos, I had terrible eyesight, but the fact that I could hardly see didnt trouble me that much. Kids would tease me, calling me “Whitey”. People stared at me when I held reading material right at the tip of my nose so I could see it well enough to read. Even when I was eight or nine, movietheater clerks started asking me to pay adult prices because I “l(fā)ooked older”． The worst part for me was that because my eyesight was so bad, I couldnt play sports very well. I didnt give up trying, though. I shot hoops every day. And I studied harder. Eventually，I got better at school and loved it. By the time I got to college, I was double majoring, going to summer school and busying myself with every activity I could find. I had learned to be proud of being an albino. I did my best to make “albino” a positive word.And I decided to make my living with my eyes and in sports. I couldnt see very well to play sports，but with a solid education and the drive to do it, I could make a living involved in the area I loved. Ive done it now for over thirty years in print and in video, and now in cyberspace (網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間). People make jokes about how Im the only “blind editor” they know, but the jokes are affectionate. Some of them are the sings of respect. I was just a proud albino kid from the coal country of Pennsylvania. I now realize that being born an albino helped me to overe difficulties, gain confidence, and be proud of my personal achievements. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　作者生來(lái)就身患白化病，這種病給他的生活和學(xué)習(xí)帶來(lái)了嚴(yán)重影響。但他找到了自由，克服了困難，并取得了令人羨慕的成就。 1．According to the author，　________　 helped him a lot in dealing with troubles. A．his solid education in school B．his familys little knowledge of the illness C．the special care from his family and friends D．the equal way his family treated him 解析：D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子“My parents treated me just like they treated everybody else...so when the anger came along，I could deal with it.”可知，家人平等地對(duì)待他的方式有助于他處理問(wèn)題。] 2．All the following are the signs of being an albino for the author EXCEPT 　________　. A．a(chǎn)n older appearance B．poor eyesight C．being unable to play sports D．a(chǎn)bnormally white skin 解析：C　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三、四段的句子“Like most albinos，I had terrible eyesight”，“Kids would tease me，calling me‘Whitey’”和“movietheater clerks started asking me to pay adult prices because I ‘looked older’．”可知，相貌看起來(lái)老、視力差和不正常的白皮膚都是白化病的癥狀，但不能運(yùn)動(dòng)不是。] 3．The author holds a(n)　________　 attitude towards his illness. A．pessimistic　　　　　 B．optimistic C．indifferent D．neutral 解析：B　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的句子“I now realize that being born an albino helped me to overe difficulties, gain confidence, and be proud of my personal achievements.”可知，作者對(duì)自己得白化病的態(tài)度是積極的。] 4．The purpose of this passage is 　________　. A．to amuse readers with funny stories B．to motivate readers with his life experience C．to inform readers of his illness D．to warn readers of the terrible disease 解析：B　[主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子“I now realize that being born an albino helped me to overe difficulties, gain confidence, and be proud of my personal achievements.”可知，作者通過(guò)講述自己身患白化病，但是積極面對(duì)人生并取得成就的經(jīng)歷，激勵(lì)讀者。] Ⅱ.完形填空 Hot lava flows down a Hawaiian mountainside. Farther up the slope, volcanologist (火山學(xué)家) Ken Hon picks his way slowly across the 　__1__　 surface. The hot lava(巖漿)is slippery to walk on. “Its like walking on ice，” Hon says. “But the bottom part of your boots starts to 　__2__　 a little. Youll get burned 　__3__　 you fall.” Hon plants his feet carefully and slowly. Hes 　　4　　 data on the lava flowing out of Kilauea, a volcano that has been erupting since 1983. 　__5__　 the lavas movements can save lives on the slopes below. But Hon must be 　__6__　. New waves of lava are flowing down toward him. Every few minutes he looks up to see 　__7__　 the streams are and makes sure the 　__8__　 lava hasnt cut off his escape route. “Its 　__9__　 out there, like the heat from an oven，” Hon says. “Up close, you have to wear firefighters clothes 　__10__　 the clothes youre wearing dont catch fire or melt.” “Back in 1990, lava entered the town of Kalapana. The lava moved slowly but steadily，” Hon says. “We 　__11__　 evacuate(疏散) people from about 150 homes. The lava 　__12__　 forward and consumed all of the houses.”　__13__　， everyone escaped. But today Kalapana is buried under 30 feet of lava. Volcanoes arent 　__14__　 to Hon. Theyre fascinating and exciting.“My 　__15__　 thing is to e out at the edge of a lava lake. Sometimes Ive had to sleep with a gas mask on.” Still, Hon knows how to keep 　__16__　 and knows when the lava is 　__17__　. “All of a sudden，it gets really bright inside your 　__18__??！” he says, laughing. But the 　__19__　 is worth it，because the more Hon and other scientists can 　__20__　 volcanoes, the safer they can keep the people who live around these powerful forces of nature. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文介紹了火山學(xué)家Ken Hon的工作情況及他講述的一次火山噴發(fā)的經(jīng)歷，讓我們知道了這些偉大科學(xué)家對(duì)科學(xué)的執(zhí)著態(tài)度和對(duì)人類的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。 1．A.calm　　　　　 B．frozen C．flat D. rough 解析：D　[邏輯推理題。rough粗糙的。此處指火山學(xué)家Ken Hon慢慢穿過(guò)粗糙的地表。因?yàn)榛鹕絼倗姲l(fā)過(guò)，所以地表是粗糙不平的。] 2．A.bend B．sink C．melt D．fly 解析：C　[邏輯推理題。melt融化。此處指熱的巖漿還在往下流，鞋底踩在上面有點(diǎn)融化。] 3．A.though B．because C．if D．unless 解析：C　[邏輯推理題。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。此處指如果跌倒就會(huì)被燒傷。] 4．A.collecting B．providing C．exchanging D．sharing 解析：A　[詞義辨析題。collect收集；provide提供；exchange更換；share分享。此處指Hon在搜集流出來(lái)的巖漿的數(shù)據(jù)。故選A。] 5．A.Knowing B．Stopping C．Filming D．Remembering 解析：A　[詞義辨析題。know知道，了解；stop停止；film拍電影；remember記住。句意：了解火山巖漿的運(yùn)動(dòng)能挽救坡下的生命。故選A。] 6．A.smart B．careful C．silent D．creative 解析：B　[邏輯推理題。careful小心的。此處指Hon必須小心，因?yàn)樾碌膸r漿浪頭向他流過(guò)來(lái)。故選B。] 7．A.where B．how C．which D．what 解析：A　[邏輯推理題。句意：每隔幾分鐘他就往上看看巖漿熱流到哪兒了。此處where引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句表地點(diǎn)。] 8．A.hardening B．moving C．cooling D．a(chǎn)mazing 解析：C　[詞義辨析題。hardening硬的；moving動(dòng)的；cooling冷卻的；amazing令人吃驚的。句意：確保冷卻的巖漿沒(méi)有阻斷他逃跑的路。故選C。] 9．A.powerful B．crowded C．empty D．hot 解析：D　[背景常識(shí)題。噴發(fā)出的巖漿自然是熱的。] 10．A.or B．while C．but D．so 解析：D　[邏輯推理題。句意：往上靠近必須穿消防服，因此你的衣服不會(huì)著火或熔化。此處表因果關(guān)系，故選D。] 11．A.had to B．ought to C．should D．could 解析：A　[詞義辨析題。have to不得不；ought to應(yīng)該；should應(yīng)該；could能，會(huì)。此處指由于巖漿慢慢平穩(wěn)的持續(xù)移動(dòng)所以不得不疏散人們。故選A。] 12．A.leaned B．inched C．put B．looked 解析：B　[詞義辨析題。lean傾斜；inch慢慢前進(jìn)；put放；look看。此處指巖漿慢慢前進(jìn)毀滅了所有的房子。故選B。] 13．A.Strangely B．Fortunately C．Hopefully D．Gradually 解析：B　[邏輯推理題。fortunately幸運(yùn)地。此處指人們已被疏散。所以說(shuō)幸運(yùn)的是人們都逃走了。] 14．A.similar B．interesting C．scary D．important 解析：C　[詞義辨析題。similar相似的；interesting有趣的；scary提心吊膽的；important重要的。此處指對(duì)于Hon來(lái)說(shuō)火山不是讓他提心吊膽的而是迷人的和令人興奮的。故選C。] 15．A.lucky B．main C．worrying D．favorite 解析：D　[詞義辨析題。lucky幸運(yùn)的；main主要的；worrying令人擔(dān)心的；favorite最喜愛(ài)的。句意：我最喜歡的事是出現(xiàn)在火山湖邊緣。故選D。] 16．A.safe B．busy C．fortable D．quiet 解析：A　[邏輯推理題。safe安全的；busy忙碌的；fortable舒適的；quiet安靜的。句意：Hon知道怎樣保證安全。故選A。] 17．A.different B．distant C．close B．slow 解析：C　[邏輯推理題。close近的。此處指Hon知道巖漿什么時(shí)候接近了。] 18．A.bag B．tent C．car D．house 解析：B　[邏輯推理題。tent帳篷。此處指如果火山巖漿接近了，帳篷里就亮了起來(lái)。野外調(diào)查主要是住帳篷。] 19．A.change B．view C．result D．danger 解析：D　[詞義辨析題。change變化；view視野，意見(jiàn)；result結(jié)果；danger危險(xiǎn)。此處指但是危險(xiǎn)是值得的，能挽救人類的生命。] 20．A.think of B．talk about C．learn about D．hear of 解析：C　[詞義辨析題。think of認(rèn)為；talk about談?wù)?；learn about了解，掌握；hear of聽(tīng)說(shuō)。句意：Hon和別的科學(xué)家對(duì)火山了解的越多，他們就能使生活在自然強(qiáng)大力量周圍的人們更安全。故選C。] Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)(導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)02516339) This is my fifth day at the summer camp. Life isnt exact what I expected. We have to get up early to make our beds before our teacher Miss Li e to inspect. After breakfast, we have some of free time. Yesterday morning I went fishing, but the only thing I catch was a tree branch. In the afternoon, there are different activity like horseback riding and hiking. Theyre fun，so nothing new for me. In the evening, everyone is assigned a different task to get dinner ready. Yesterday, I was in charge of prepare the hot dogs, but I accidentally dropped it in the fire. The best part of camp is at night, where we sit around a campfire and tell stories. 答案：