2016年6月大學(xué)英語六級(jí)第1套答案解析

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2016 年 6 月大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試真題（第一套）解析 Part I Writing 【參考范文】 When it comes to the issues of living in the virtual world, opinions vary from person to person. Some people believe that the virtual world will enlighten us, while others worry that it will ruin our daily lives. As I see it, people are indulging too much in the virtual world through social networks, on-line games and virtual reality. With computers and virtual social networks becoming pervasive, it can easily be imagined that people’s lives will be absolutely changed in future generations. There is no need for people to do hard and complicated work themselves anymore; instead, mass human labor will be replaced by a few computer programs. The increased use of computer programs to accomplish tasks will naturally isolate people and hinder communication between them. Consequently, people may be increasingly indifferent and cold-blooded towards others. As more and more people choose to live in the virtual world, it is time that we decided our stance on this issue. Part II Listening Comprehension Section A Conversation One 【話題預(yù)測(cè)】根據(jù)選項(xiàng)中的 market research consultant，design，promote products 等詞可預(yù)測(cè)本篇對(duì)話與 工作有關(guān)。 【正確答案】1—4 D A D B 聽力原文 M: So how long have you been a market research consultant? W: Well, I started straight after finishing university. M: Did you study market research? W: Yeah, and it really helped me to get into the industry, but I have to say that it’s more important to get experience in different types of market research to find out exactly what you’re interested in. M: So what are you interested in? W: Well, at the moment, I specialize in quantitative advertising research, which means that I do two types of projects. Trackers, which are ongoing projects that look at trends or customer satisfaction over a long period of time. The only problem with trackers is that it takes up a lot of your time. But you do build up a good relationship with the client. I also do a couple of ad-hoc jobs which are much shorter projects. M: What exactly do you mean by ad-hoc jobs? W: It’s basically when companies need quick answers to their questions about their consumers’ habits. They just ask for one questionnaire to be sent out for example, so the time you spend on an ad-hoc project tends to be fairly short. M: Which do you prefer, trackers or ad-hoc? W: I like doing both and in fact I need to do both at the same time to keep me from going crazy. I need the variety. M: Can you just explain what process you go through with a new client? W: Well, together we decide on the methodology and the objectives of the research. I then design a questionnaire. Once the interviewers have been briefed, I send the client a schedule and then they get back to me with deadlines. Once the final charts and tables are ready, I have to check them and organize a presentation. M: Hmm, one last question, what do you like and dislike about your job? W: As I said, variety is important and as for what I don’t like, it has to be the checking of charts and tables. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. What position does the woman hold in the company? 2. What does the woman specialize in at the moment? 3. What does the woman say about trackers? 4. What does the woman dislike about her job? 試題解析 【話題分類】工作與職場(chǎng) 【對(duì)話大意】 ?本對(duì)話是有關(guān)市場(chǎng)研究顧問的對(duì)話， 對(duì)話中女士對(duì) tracker 和 ad-hoc 兩項(xiàng)工作任務(wù)進(jìn)行描述。 1. 【考核技能】語義理解 D) 【答案解析】根據(jù)對(duì)話中男士的問題 So how long have you been a market research consultant（你在市場(chǎng)調(diào) 查顧問一職做了多久） ，以及女士的回答 I started straight after finishing university（一畢業(yè)就開始從事這 一工作） ，可知女士的工作是市場(chǎng)調(diào)查顧問。D 項(xiàng)是原文的重述，故選 D。 2. 【考核技能】語義理解 A) 【答案解析】原文提到 I specialize in quantitative advertising research（我專門從事量化廣告調(diào)研） ，A 項(xiàng) 與原文所述相符。 3. 【考核技能】得出結(jié)論 D) 【答案解析】原文提到 Trackers, which are ongoing projects that look at trends or customer satisfaction over a long period of time（追蹤表單是不間斷的項(xiàng)目，用以長期觀察趨勢(shì)或顧客滿意度） 。D 項(xiàng)是原文的同 義轉(zhuǎn)述。 4. 【考核技能】得出結(jié)論 B) 【答案解析】對(duì)話最后提到 as for what I don’t like, it has to be the checking of charts and tables（至于我不 喜歡的，則是我必須要檢查圖表） 。B 項(xiàng)與原文相同，故選 B。 Conversation Two 【話題預(yù)測(cè)】根據(jù)選項(xiàng)中的 universities，education 可預(yù)測(cè)本篇對(duì)話與教育有關(guān)。 【正確答案】5—8 A B C C 聽力原文 W: Hello, I’m here with Frederick. Now Fred, you went to university in Canada? M: Yeah, that’s right. W: OK, and you have very strong views about universities in Canada. Could you please explain? M: Well, we don’t have private universities in Canada. They’re all public. All the universities are owned by the government, so there is the Ministry of Education in charge of creating the curriculum for the universities and so there is not much room for flexibility. Since it’s a government operated institution, things don’t move very fast. If you want something to be done, then their staff do not have so much incentive to help you because he’s a worker for the government. So I don’t think it’s very efficient. However, there are certain advantages of public universities, such as the fees being free. You don’t have to pay for your education. But the system isn’t efficient, and it does not work that well. W: Yeah, I can see your point, but in the United States we have many private universities, and I think they are large bureaucracies also. Maybe people don’t act that much differently, because it’s the same thing working for a private university. They get paid for their job. I don’t know if they’re that much more motivated to help people. Also, we have a problem in the United States that usually only wealthy kids go to the best schools and it’s kind of a problem actually. M: I agree with you. I think it’s a problem because you’re not giving equal access to education to everybody. It’s not easy, but having only public universities also might not be the best solution. Perhaps we can learn from Japan where they have a system of private and public universities. Now, in Japan, public universities are considered to be the best. W: Right. It’s the exact opposite in the United States. M: So, as you see, it’s very hard to say which one is better. W: Right, a good point. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 5. What does the woman want Frederick to talk about? 6. What does the man say about the curriculum in Canadian universities? 7. On what point do the speakers agree? 8. What point does the man make at the end of the conversation? 試題解析 【話題分類】教育 【對(duì)話大意】本對(duì)話與教育有關(guān)，男士講述了自己對(duì)加拿大教育的一些看法。女士也提出一些自己對(duì)教育的看法和意見。 5. 【考核技能】語義理解 A) 【答案解析】從對(duì)話中的 and you have very strong views about universities in Canada. Could you please explain可知，女士認(rèn)為男士對(duì)加拿大的大學(xué)有明確的看法，并讓其解釋。由此可知她讓 Frederick 講述對(duì)大學(xué)的看法。A 項(xiàng)是原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。 6. 【考核技能】語義理解 B) 【答案解析】男士提到 All the universities are owned by the government, so there is the Ministry of Education in charge of creating the curriculum for the universities and so there is not much room for flexibility（所有的大學(xué)受政府的管理， 因此， 教育部負(fù)責(zé)設(shè)置學(xué)校的課程， 所以靈活性很?。?。由此可知 B 項(xiàng)是原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。 7. 【考核技能】觀點(diǎn)支持 C) 【答案解析】男士提到 I agree with you. I think it’s a problem because you’re not giving equal access to education to everybody（我認(rèn)為這是個(gè)問題，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)人受教育的機(jī)會(huì)并非平等） 。由此可知，兩個(gè)說話人就“每個(gè)人應(yīng)得到平等的高等教育機(jī)會(huì)”一問題達(dá)成共識(shí)。C 項(xiàng)是原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。 8. 【考核技能】得出結(jié)論 C) 【答案解析】在對(duì)話最后，男士提到 it’s very hard to say which one is better（很難說哪個(gè)更好） 。這是?他概括得出的結(jié)論，C 項(xiàng)是原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。由此可知 C 正確。 Section B Passage One ?【話題預(yù)測(cè)】從選項(xiàng)中的 wages，economic recovery，raise，unemployed 可推測(cè)出本篇文章與勞工和工資有關(guān)。 ?【正確答案】9—11 B A C 聽力原文 A recent International Labor Organization report says the deterioration of real wages around the world calls into question the true extent of an economic recovery, especially if government rescue packages are phased out too early. The report warns the picture on wages is likely to get worse this year, despite indications of an economic rebound. Patrick Belser, an International Labor Organization specialist, says declining wage rates are linked to the levels of unemployment. “The quite dramatic unemployment figures, which we now see in some of the countries, strongly suggest that there will be greater pressure on wages in the future as more people will be unemployed, more people will be looking for jobs and the pressure on employers to raise wages to attract workers will decline. So, we expect that the second part of the year will not be very good in terms of wage growth.” The report finds more than a quarter of the countries experienced flat or falling monthly wages in real terms. They include the United States, Austria, Costa Rica, South Africa and Germany. International Labor Organization economists say some nations have come up with policies to lessen the impact of lower wages during the economic crisis. An example of these is work sharing with government subsidies. Under this scheme, the number of individual working hours is reduced in an effort to avoid layoffs. For this scheme to work, the government must provide wage subsidies to compensate for lost pay due to the shorter hours. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard. 9. What is the International Labor Organization’s report mainly about? 10. According to an International Labor Organization specialist, how will employers feel if there are more people looking for jobs? 11. What does the speaker mean by the work sharing scheme? 試題解析 【話題分類】工作與職場(chǎng) 【文章大意】根據(jù)國際勞工組織的報(bào)告顯示，世界各國的實(shí)際工資在下降，這會(huì)導(dǎo)致失業(yè)。 9. 【考核技能】主旨大意 B) 【答案解析】原文提到 A recent International Labor Organization report says the deterioration of real wages around the world calls into question the true extent of an economic recovery （國際勞工組織最近的一份報(bào)告顯示，全球各地的實(shí)際工資狀況都在惡化，這讓人們對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的真正程度提出了質(zhì)疑） 。B 項(xiàng)是原文中 deterioration of real wage 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。 10. 【考核技能】觀點(diǎn)意見 A) 【答案解析】原文提到 there will be greater pressure on wages in the future as more people will be unemployed,more people will be looking for jobs and the pressure on employers to raise wages to attract workers will decline （今后，隨著更多的人失業(yè)，找工作的人也會(huì)增多，工資的壓力將會(huì)變大，雇主通過漲工資吸引工人的壓力也會(huì)變?。?。由此可知 A 是原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。 11.【考核技能】觀點(diǎn)意見 C) 【答案解析】原文提到 Under this scheme, the number of individual working hours is reduced in an effort to avoid layoffs（這一方案減少了個(gè)人工作時(shí)間，從而避免裁員） 。C 項(xiàng)符合原文所述。 Passage Two 【話題預(yù)測(cè)】從選項(xiàng)中的 memory，medicine 可推測(cè)本篇文章與記憶或醫(yī)療有關(guān)。 【正確答案】12—15 A D D B 聽力原文 Is there really a magic memory pill or a herbal recall remedy? I have been frequently asked if these memory supplements work. You know, one of the first things I like to tell people when they ask me about these supplements is that a lot of them are promoted as a cure for your memory. But your memory doesn’t need a cure. What your memory needs is a good work-out. So really those supplements aren’t going to give you that perfect memory in the way that they promise. The other thing is that a lot of these supplements aren’t necessarily what they claim to be, and you really have to be wary when you take any of them. The science isn’t there behind most of them. They’re not really well-regulated unless they adhere to some industry standard. You don’t really know that what they say is in there is in there. What you must understand is that those supplements, especially in some Eastern cultures, are part of a medical practice tradition. People don’t just go in a local grocery store and buy these supplements. In fact, they are prescribed and they’re given at a certain level, a dosage that is understood by a practitioner who’s been trained. And that’s not really the way they’re used in this country. The other thing people do forget is that these are medicines, so they do have an impact. A lot of times people are not really aware of the impact they have, or the fact that taking them in combination with other medications might put you at increased risk for something that you wouldn’t otherwise be encountering or be at risk for. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard. 12. What question is frequently put to the speaker? 13. What does the speaker say about most memory supplements? 14. What do we learn about memory supplements in Eastern cultures? 15. What does the speaker say about memory supplements at the end? 試題解析 【話題分類】健康 【文章大意】提高記憶力的保健品真的有效嗎？有些保健品的療效不像它們所宣稱的那樣，也沒有科學(xué)依據(jù)。服用這些保健品還有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 12. 【考核技能】 A) 【答案解析】原文提到 I have been frequently asked if these memory supplements work（經(jīng)常有人問我 ： 這些記憶保健品是否有效） 。A 項(xiàng)與原文是同義替換，故選 A。 13. 【考核技能】觀點(diǎn)意見 D) 【答案解析】原文提到 a lot of these supplements aren’t necessarily what they claim to be, and you really have to be wary when you take any of them. The science isn’t there behind most of them（很多保健品并不會(huì)像他們承諾的那樣有效，你吃這些保健品時(shí)也一定要小心。它們大多數(shù)都沒有科學(xué)依據(jù)） 。由此可知 D 是原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。 14. 【考核技能】語義理解 D) 【答案解析】原文提到尤其在東方文化中，保健品是醫(yī)療實(shí)踐傳統(tǒng)的一部分，后面又提到 In fact, they are prescribed and they’re given at a certain level, a dosage that is understood by a practitioner who’s been trained （按一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)給人們開藥，受過訓(xùn)練的從業(yè)人員清楚劑量的使用） 。D 項(xiàng)是原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。 15. 【考核技能】概括總結(jié) B) 【答案解析】原文提到 that taking them in combination with other medications might put you at increased risk for something that you wouldn’t otherwise be encountering or be at risk for（將保健品與其他藥物同時(shí)服用，你會(huì)遇到其他風(fēng)險(xiǎn)） 。由此可知 B 項(xiàng)是原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。 Section C Recording One 【話題預(yù)測(cè)】 ?由選項(xiàng)的 natural disasters，tropical storm 可預(yù)測(cè)出本篇講座與自然災(zāi)害有關(guān)。 【正確答案】16—18 D B A 聽力原文 The negative impacts of natural disasters can be seen everywhere. In just the past few weeks, the world has witnessed the destructive power of earthquakes in Indonesia, typhoons in the Philippines, and the destructive sea waves that struck Samoa and neighboring islands. A study by the Center for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters finds that, between 1980 and 2007, nearly 8,400 natural disasters killed more than 2 million people. These catastrophic events caused more than $1.5 trillion in economic losses. The UN weather expert Geoffrey Love says that is the bad news. “Over the last 50 years, economic losses have increased by a factor of 50. That sounds pretty terrible, but the loss of life has decreased by a factor of 10 simply because we are getting better at warning people. We are making a difference. Extreme events, however, will continue to occur. But, the message is that they may not be disasters.” Love, who is director of Weather and Disaster Risk Reduction at the World Meteorological Organization, says most of the deaths and economic losses were caused by weather, climate, or water-related extremes. These include droughts, floods, windstorms, strong tropical winds and wildfires. He says extreme events will continue. But, he says extreme events become disasters only when people fail to prepare for them. “Many of the remedies are well-known. From a planning perspective, it’s pretty simple. Build better buildings. Don’t build where the hazards will destroy them. From an early-warning perspective, make sure the warnings go right down to the community level. Build community action plans. ” The World Meteorological Organization points to Cuba and Bangladesh as examples of countries that have successfully reduced the loss of life caused by natural disasters by taking preventive action. It says tropical storms formerly claimed dozens, if not hundreds of lives, each year, in Cuba. But, the development of an early-warning system has reversed that trend. In 2008, Cuba was hit by five successive hurricanes, but only 7 people were killed. Bangladesh also has achieved substantial results. Major storm surges in 1970 and 1991 caused the deaths of about 440,000 people. Through careful preparation, the death toll from a super tropical storm in November 2007 was less than 3,500. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard. 16. What is the talk mainly about? 17. How can we stop extreme events from turning into disasters? 18. What does the example of Cuba serve to show? 試題解析 【話題分類】環(huán)境與發(fā)展 【文章大意】自然災(zāi)害的消極影響隨處可見， 如果能采取適當(dāng)?shù)念A(yù)防措施， 就可避免一些不必要的損失。 16.【考核技能】文章大意 D) 【答案解析】通過第 17、18 題的選項(xiàng)可推測(cè)出本篇聽力與自然災(zāi)害有關(guān)，并且引用不同國家的例子來說明采取預(yù)防措施的必要性。由此可判斷 D 是全文的概括，故選 D。 17.【考核技能】方式方法 B) 【答案解析】 ?原文提到： he says extreme events become disasters only when people fail to prepare for them （只有人們沒有做好準(zhǔn)備時(shí)，這些極端事件才會(huì)成為災(zāi)難） 。此句暗示 ： 如果有準(zhǔn)備，就可避免遭遇自然災(zāi) 害。由此可知 B 正確。 18.【考核技能】語義理解 A) 【答案解析】原文引用了古巴的例子，提到 ： The World Meteorological Organization points to Cuba and Bangladesh as examples of countries that have successfully reduced the loss of life caused by natural disasters by taking preventive action（世界氣象組織引用古巴和孟加拉國的例子，指出這兩個(gè)國家通過采取預(yù)防措施，成功地降低了由自然災(zāi)害引發(fā)的人員傷亡） 。由此可知 A 項(xiàng)是原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。 Recording Two 【話題預(yù)測(cè)】根據(jù)選項(xiàng)中的 Obama，economy 可預(yù)測(cè)本篇文章與美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)有關(guān)。 【正確答案】19—22 C B D D 聽力原文 As US banks recovered with the help of the American government and the American taxpayers, President Obama held meetings with top bank executives, telling them it’s time to return the favor. “The way I see it are banks now having greater obligation to the goal of a wide recovery,” he said. But the president may be giving the financial sector too much credit. “It was in a free fall, and it was a very scary period.” Economist Martin Neil Baily said. After the failure of Lehman Brothers, many of the world’s largest banks feared the worst as the collapse of the housing bubble exposed in investments in risky loans. Although he says the worst is over, Bailey says the banking crisis is not. More than 130 US banks failed in 2009. He predicts high failure rates for smaller, regional banks in 2010 as commercial real estate loans come due. “So there may actually be a worsening of credit availability to small and medium sized businesses in the next year or so.” Analysts say the biggest problem is high unemployment, which weakens demand and makes banks reluctant to lend. But US Bancorp chief Richard Davis sees the situation differently. “We’re probably more optimistic than the experts might be. With that in mind, we’re putting in everything we can, lending is the core to our engine, so we want to make more loans. We have to find a way to qualify more people and not put ourselves at risks.” While some economists predict continued recovery in the future, Baily says the only certainty is that banks are unlikely to make the same mistakes—twice. “You know, forecasting’s become a very hazardous business so I don’t want to commit myself too much. I don’t think we know exactly what’s going to happen but it’s certainly possible that we could get very slow growth over the next year or two.” If the economy starts to shrink again, Baily says it would make a strong case for a second stimulus—something the Obama administration hopes will not be necessary. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard. 19. What does President Obama hope the banks will do? 20. What is Martin Neil Baily’s prediction about the financial situation in the future? 21. What does US Bancorp chief Richard Davis say about its future operation? 22. What does Martin Neil Baily think of a second stimulus to the economy? 試題解析 【話題分類】經(jīng)濟(jì) 【文章大意】美國總統(tǒng)奧巴馬認(rèn)為銀行有義務(wù)來幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)更大范圍上的經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇，地區(qū)性銀行的破產(chǎn)率并未降低。如果再次出現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)萎縮，就需要經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激。 19. 【考核技能】語義理解 C) 【答案解析】原文提到 The way I see it are banks now having a greater obligation to the goal of a wide recovery（我認(rèn)為，銀行現(xiàn)在有更大的義務(wù)，須幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的大面積復(fù)蘇） 。C 項(xiàng) contribute to 是 have an obligation to 的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。 20.【考核技能】語義理解 B) 【答案解析】原文提到 He predicts high failure rates for smaller, regional banks in 2010 as commercial real estate loans come due（他預(yù)測(cè)，由于商業(yè)不動(dòng)產(chǎn)貸款到期，小型地區(qū)性銀行在 2010 年的破產(chǎn)概率會(huì)比較高） 。由此可知 B 項(xiàng)是原文的復(fù)述。 21.【考核技能】觀點(diǎn)意見 D) 【答案解析】原文提到 lending is the core to our engine, so we want to make more loans（借款是我們引擎的核心，所以我們想要發(fā)放更多的貸款） 。由此可知 D 是原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。 22.【考核技能】觀點(diǎn)意見 D) 【答案解析】原文提到 If the economy starts to shrink again, Baily says it would make a strong case for a second stimulus（如果經(jīng)濟(jì)開始再次萎縮，貝利說這將亟需第二次經(jīng)濟(jì)刺激） 。D 是原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。 Recording Three 【話題預(yù)測(cè)】從選項(xiàng)中的 lifestyle，cognitive 可推測(cè)本篇文章與認(rèn)知能力相關(guān)。 【正確答案】23—25 A A C 聽力原文 A new study has failed to find any conclusive evidence that lifestyle changes can prevent cognitive decline in older adults. Still there are good reasons to make positive changes in how we live and what we eat as we age. Cognitive decline is the loss of ability to learn new skills, or recall words, names, and faces that is most common as we age. To reduce or avoid it, researchers have examined the effect of smoking, diet, brain-challenging games, exercise and other strategie