高三英語暑假一輪復(fù)習(xí) 基礎(chǔ)知識自測 Unit 1 Living well課件 新人教版選修7

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1、Grammar動詞不定式動詞不定式 動詞不定式由動詞不定式由“to+ +動詞原形動詞原形”構(gòu)成，構(gòu)成，可以在句中作主語、賓語、表語、定可以在句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語等語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語等, ,但但不能作謂語不能作謂語。不定式不定式可以有自己的可以有自己的邏輯主語邏輯主語, ,即即for sb. to do sth. 1. 不定式作主語不定式作主語 To finish this report took him a week. My job is to help the poor person.2. 不定式作表語不定式作表語 To see is to believe. What I

2、 would suggest is to put off the meeting.想一想想一想!3. 不定式作賓語不定式作賓語 I decided to ask for my money back. 4. 不定式作賓補(bǔ)不定式作賓補(bǔ)1) 帶帶to的不定式作的不定式作賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)。很多動詞如。很多動詞如: allow, order, force, permit, tell, want, wish, forbid, advise, persuade, warn等后面作等后面作賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)的不定式的不定式都帶都帶to。 如如: He didnt allow us to smoke in his house.他

3、不允許我們他不允許我們在他的家里吸煙。在他的家里吸煙。2) 不帶不帶to的不定式的不定式作賓補(bǔ)作賓補(bǔ)。使役動詞。使役動詞make, have, let;感官動感官動詞詞see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, notice等后面等后面作作賓補(bǔ)的不定式不帶賓補(bǔ)的不定式不帶to。如如: He made a face and made everybody laugh. 他做了一個(gè)鬼臉?biāo)隽艘粋€(gè)鬼臉, 逗得大家都笑了。逗得大家都笑了。 如果上述結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)如果上述結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài), ,不定式就由原來的賓語補(bǔ)足語變?yōu)橹鞑欢ㄊ骄陀稍瓉淼馁e語補(bǔ)足語變?yōu)橹髡Z補(bǔ)足語語補(bǔ)足語

4、, ,此時(shí)第此時(shí)第2 2類動詞類動詞( (let, , have無被動語態(tài)無被動語態(tài)) )后原來不帶后原來不帶toto的不定式要的不定式要加加to。如如: He was seen to go upstairs.有有人看人看見他上樓去了。見他上樓去了。Be careful!注意注意 :2. 不定式作定語不定式作定語 Do you have anything to say on the question?注意注意: 作定語的不定式如果是作定語的不定式如果是不及物動詞不及物動詞,或者不定式所修飾或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式的地點(diǎn)、的名詞或代詞是不定式的地點(diǎn)、工具等工具等,不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的

5、不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞。介詞。 He is looking for a room to live in. There is nothing to worry about.3. 不定式作狀語不定式作狀語 I stayed there to see what would happen. We were very excited to hear the news.1. It is good to help others. 2. It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people in our neighborhood have acces

6、s to all public buildings. 3. My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up. Identify its function.(subject)(subject)(predicative)想一想想一想4. I dont have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. 5. I am the only student in my class to have a pet snake. 6. A big company has decided

7、to buy it from me. 7. My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am. (attribute)(attribute)(object)(object)8. I have had to work hard to live a normal life. 9. Some days I am too tired to get out of bed. 10. We must call on local government to give financial assistance to disabled people.

8、(adverbial)(adverbial)(object complement)afford, agree, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, care, choose, claim, come, consent, dare, decide, demand, deserve, determine, elect, endeavorThe following verbs are normally followed by the infinitive. Remember!expect, fail, get, guarantee, hate, help, hesitate

9、 hope, hurry, intend, learn, long, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise refuse, say, seem, tend, threaten, want, wish The following verbs are normally followed by the Gerund. avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, mis

10、s, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, cant helpRemember them! The following verbs are normally followed by the Gerund or the infinitive. love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, continue, intend, attempt, propose, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try, deserve, startBear them in your

11、 mind! 動詞后面跟動詞后面跟動名詞動名詞還是還是不定式不定式,含義含義不相同不相同,總的來說總的來說,表示習(xí)慣的表示習(xí)慣的, 一般性一般性的動作多跟的動作多跟動名詞動名詞,一次性的具體的被一次性的具體的被動動作多跟動動作多跟不定式不定式。 1) I like to go with you. 我想和你一塊兒去。我想和你一塊兒去。 重點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)!I like reading. 我喜歡閱讀。我喜歡閱讀。 He promised to help her. 他答應(yīng)過要幫助他答應(yīng)過要幫助她。她。We love watching VCD. 我們喜歡看我們喜歡看VCD。 2) remember, forge

12、t, regret后面跟動名詞時(shí)后面跟動名詞時(shí),動名詞表示過動名詞表示過去的動作去的動作,后面跟不定式時(shí)后面跟不定式時(shí),不定式表示將來的動作。不定式表示將來的動作。 I remember meeting him in the street. 我記得在街上見過他。我記得在街上見過他。 I remember to write a letter to my parents. 我想起來要給我父母親寫信。我想起來要給我父母親寫信。 3) “stop + 動名詞動名詞”表示停止動名詞所表示停止動名詞所表示的動作表示的動作, “stop + 不定式不定式”表示表示停下來做不定式所表示的動作。停下來做不定式所

13、表示的動作。 Stop smoking, please. 請不要抽煙請不要抽煙 。 Lets stop to have a rest. 咱們停下來休息一下吧。咱們停下來休息一下吧。 4) mean to do 打算做某事打算做某事 mean doing 意味著意味著 I meant to catch up with the early bus. This means wasting a lot of money.5) try to do 設(shè)法盡力做某事設(shè)法盡力做某事 try doing 試著做某事試著做某事 You should try to overcome your shortcoming

14、s. Try working out the physics problem in another way.PRACTICE 1. She said she_ her uncle very much and hoped _him. A. missed, to hear from B. missed, to hear C. misses, hearing from D. misses, hearingAUse your head!2. _a living, she had to work from morning till night. A. To make B. made C. Making

15、D. To have made3. Mrs Brown regretted_ his son. A. beated B. beating C. beat D. beatenAB4. I often hear him _about the great writer. A. to talk B. talk C. speaking D. to tell5. Missing the last bus means_ home. A. to walk B. walking C. walked D. walkBB6. Paul doesnt have to be made_ . He always work

16、s hard. A. study B. to study C. studied D. studying7. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _ a look at the sports starts. A. had B. having C. to have D. haveBC8. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not9. -I didnt hear you come in last night. -Thats good. We tired _ noisy. A. not to B. to be not C. to be D. not to beAD10. -I hear that you and Francis will spend your vacation in Nepal next spring. -Yes, we are planning _. A. to B. to be C. it D. to do itA