莎士比亞十四行詩Sonnet實用教案

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1、Definition of Sonnet A sonnet is a lyric, invariably, of fourteen lines, usually in iambic pentameter, restricted to a definite rhyme scheme. 十四行詩是一種有十四行詩句構(gòu)成的抒情詩體，用抑揚(yyng)格五音步作全詩的形式，有固定韻律。第1頁/共16頁第一頁，共16頁。Types of SonnetThere are three dominant types of sonnet, all named after their founders or per

2、fecters (完善者): Petrarchan sonnet 皮特拉克十四行詩(shshngsh)Spenserian sonnet 斯賓塞體十四行詩(shshngsh)Shakespearean sonnet 莎士比亞式十四行詩(shshngsh)第2頁/共16頁第二頁，共16頁。Shakespearian SonnetAlso known as the English Sonnet, consists of three quatrains(四行(s xn)詩) followed by a couplet(對句) .The rhyme scheme is abab cdcd efef g

3、g. A theme is developed in the quatrains, and a concluding thought is presented in the couplet. 第3頁/共16頁第三頁，共16頁。Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, c And often is his gold complexion dimmd; d And every fair from fair sometime declines , c By chance, or natures changing course, untrimmd. dBut

4、 thy eternal summer shall not fade, e Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst, f Nor shall Death brag thou wanderst in his shade, e When in eternal lines to time thou growst. fSo long as man can breathe or eyes can see, g So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. g Shall I compare thee to

5、a summers day? a Thou art more lovely and more temperate. b Rough winds do shake the darling buds of may, a And summers lease hath all too short a date. bSonnet 18第4頁/共16頁第四頁，共16頁。Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, c And often is his gold complexion dimmd; d And every fair from fair sometime

6、 declines , c By chance, or natures changing course, untrimmd. dBut thy eternal summer shall not fade, e Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst, f Nor shall Death brag thou wanderst in his shade, e When in eternal lines to time thou growst. fSo long as man can breathe or eyes can see, g So long

7、lives this, and this gives life to thee. g Shall I compare thee to a summers day? a Thou art more lovely and more temperate. b Rough winds do shake the darling buds of may, a And summers lease hath all too short a date. bSonnet 18 Introduction ( 起起 )Elucidation ( 承承 ) Transition ( 轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn) )Conclusion ( 合

8、合 )第5頁/共16頁第五頁，共16頁。AppreciationShall I compare thee to a Shall I compare thee to a summers daysummers day? ?Thou art more lovely and more Thou art more lovely and more temperatetemperate. .- a summers day: In England, summer is not hot but comfortably warm. It is the most pleasant season of the yea

9、r.-temperate: gentle, soft, mild 溫和(wnh)的英譯英譯: How can I compare you to a summers day since you are : How can I compare you to a summers day since you are lovelier and gentler than it?lovelier and gentler than it?第6頁/共16頁第六頁，共16頁。Modern English v.s. Middle English現(xiàn)代英語(yn y)和中古英語(yn y) you You (賓格(bn

10、 ) your yours thine thou Thee Thy第7頁/共16頁第七頁，共16頁。英譯：In fact, the violent winds do destroy the In fact, the violent winds do destroy the lovely buds of May, and summer lasts for only a very lovely buds of May, and summer lasts for only a very short period of time.short period of time.Rough Rough win

11、ds do shake the winds do shake the darling darling buds of buds of May,May,And Summers And Summers lease hathlease hath all too short a all too short a datedate. .rough: violent; terribledarling: lovely; dear; charminglease: Here it is figuratively used, meaning “l(fā)ifetime”.hath: old use for “has”dat

12、e: period of time第8頁/共16頁第八頁，共16頁。 But thy But thy eternal summereternal summer shall not fade, shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst,Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst, Nor shall Nor shall DeathDeath brag thou wandrest in his shade, brag thou wandrest in his shade, When

13、 in When in eternal lineseternal lines to time thou growstto time thou growst eternal summer: (metaphor) immortal youthfulness Death: (personification) the destroyer of lifeeternal lines: immortal lines of poetry such as the lines in this poemto time thou grost: youll grow together with time, just a

14、s time that lasts forever第9頁/共16頁第九頁，共16頁。英譯: If you are written in an eternal poem, you will become part of time; you will : If you are written in an eternal poem, you will become part of time; you will always be young or your youthfulness will be everlasting (will never disappear); you always be y

15、oung or your youthfulness will be everlasting (will never disappear); you will never lose your beauty; and even Death shall not boast that you are under his will never lose your beauty; and even Death shall not boast that you are under his control.control.第10頁/共16頁第十頁，共16頁。So long as men can breathe

16、 or eyes can see,So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long live So long live thisthis, and this gives life to thee., and this gives life to thee. this: this poem英譯： As long as there is man living in this world, as long as mans eyes can see As long as there is man living in this world, as lo

17、ng as mans eyes can see things, this poem will be eternal and it will also make you immortal.things, this poem will be eternal and it will also make you immortal.第11頁/共16頁第十一頁，共16頁。Sonnet 18 (1609) S h a l l I c o m p a r e t h e e t o a s u m m e r s d a y ? 我 怎 么 ( z n m e ) 能 夠 把 你 來 比 作 夏 天 ？ T

18、h o u a r t m o r e l o v e l y a n d m o r e t e m p e r a t e : 你 不 獨 比 它 可 愛 也 比 它 溫 婉 ： R o u g h w i n d s d o s h a k e t h e d a r l i n g b u d s o f M a y , 狂 風 把 五 月 寵 愛 的 嫩 蕊 作 踐 ， A n d s u m m e r s l e a s e h a t h a l l t o o s h o r t a d a t e : 夏 天 出 賃 的 期 限 又 未 免 太 短 ： 第12頁/共16頁第

19、十二頁，共16頁。Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, 天上的眼睛有時照得太酷烈， And often is his gold complexion dimmed, 它那炳耀的金顏又常遭掩蔽： And every fair from fair sometime declines, 被機緣或無常(w chn)的天道所摧折， By chance, or natures changing course untrimmed沒有芳艷不終于雕殘或銷毀。 第13頁/共16頁第十三頁，共16頁。But thy eternal summer shall not f

20、ade, 但是你的長夏永遠不會(b hu)雕落， Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst, 也不會(b hu)損失你這皎潔的紅芳， Nor shall death brag thou wandrest in his shade, 或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊， When in eternal lines to time thou growst, 當你在不朽的詩里與時同長。 So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, 只要一天有人類，或人有眼睛， So long lives this, and this giv

21、es life to thee. 這詩將長存，并且賜給你生命。 第14頁/共16頁第十四頁，共16頁。 Theme A profound meditation on the destructive power of time and the eternal beauty brought forth by poetry to the one he loves. A nice summers day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last forever. Thus Shakespeare has a faith in the permanence of poetry. 第15頁/共16頁第十五頁，共16頁。感謝您的觀看(gunkn)！第16頁/共16頁第十六頁，共16頁。