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編號
無錫太湖學(xué)院
畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）
相關(guān)資料
題目： 杠桿工藝工裝及專用夾具設(shè)計
信機 系 機械工程及自動化專業(yè)
學(xué) 號： 0923266
學(xué)生姓名： 高正斌
指導(dǎo)教師： 韓邦華 （職稱：副教授 ）
（職稱： ）
2012年11月25日
目 錄
一、畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）開題報告
二、畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）外文資料翻譯及原文
三、學(xué)生“畢業(yè)論文（論文）計劃、進度、檢查及落實表”
四、實習(xí)鑒定表
無錫太湖學(xué)院
畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）
開題報告
題目： 杠桿工藝工裝及專用夾具設(shè)計
信機 系 機械工程及自動化 專業(yè)
學(xué) 號： 0923266
學(xué)生姓名： 高正斌
指導(dǎo)教師： 韓邦華 （職稱：副教授 ）
（職稱： ）
2012年11月25日
課題來源
家鄉(xiāng)某企業(yè)生產(chǎn)實際
科學(xué)依據(jù)（包括課題的科學(xué)意義；國內(nèi)外研究概況、水平和發(fā)展趨勢；應(yīng)用前景等）
本課題所選零件為CA6140車床杠桿，由于生產(chǎn)綱領(lǐng)為大批大量生產(chǎn)，故將涉及大批量加工的工藝規(guī)程設(shè)計、生產(chǎn)線設(shè)計、隨行夾具和專用夾具設(shè)計等，與機械設(shè)計制造及自動化專業(yè)有比較全面的相關(guān)的知識體系，完成該課題可對我們大學(xué)期間所學(xué)知識進行一次全面的專業(yè)訓(xùn)練，可以培養(yǎng)我們掌握如何運用過去所學(xué)知識去解決生產(chǎn)中實際問題的方法，增強從事本專業(yè)實際工作所必需的基本能力和開發(fā)研究能力，可以提高我們的專業(yè)素質(zhì)，為今后走上工作崗位打下一個良好的基礎(chǔ)。
研究內(nèi)容
本課題的專題是進行CA6140杠桿工藝工裝及專用夾具設(shè)計。銑床被廣泛用于大、中批量零件如：汽車、拖拉機、摩托車等行業(yè)的汽缸體、變速箱殼體、杠桿撥叉等加工領(lǐng)域。為了適應(yīng)大批量生產(chǎn)，專用銑夾具和專用鉆夾具對多面銑削和鉆削加工具有較大的優(yōu)勢，它按照面的分布位置實行一次加工，從而保證了面的位置及尺寸精度。對于在大批量生產(chǎn)模式下的夾具應(yīng)保證快速、準確并且穩(wěn)定，必需設(shè)計出高效率的定位和夾緊方案，并要做到最合理，這樣才能保證加工質(zhì)量和提高生產(chǎn)率。
擬采取的研究方法、技術(shù)路線、實驗方案及可行性分析
在畢業(yè)實習(xí)調(diào)研以及查閱有關(guān)資料的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合零件的外形及加工要求，經(jīng)反復(fù)對各方案對比分析，采用以專用機床與專用夾具裝夾為主組成生產(chǎn)流水線，為提高裝夾效率以節(jié)省勞動時間，專用機床上夾具的夾緊機構(gòu)應(yīng)盡量采用動作迅速并安全可靠的機構(gòu)。
研究計劃及預(yù)期成果
通過現(xiàn)場調(diào)研、模擬、建模、實驗和機器調(diào)試，根據(jù)加工對象的具體工藝要求來合理地確定工序集中程度選擇適當(dāng)裝置形式，設(shè)計出高效的夾具、刀具等。采用先進的加工工藝，選用最佳的設(shè)計方案，達到精、快、準。
特色或創(chuàng)新之處
適用于本廠的某生產(chǎn)線的優(yōu)化設(shè)計，力求在不影響加工的前提下最大限度的減少成本，并降低工人的勞動強度和生產(chǎn)成本。
已具備的條件和尚需解決的問題
針對實際零件加工過程中存在的工藝與裝夾問題，綜合所學(xué)的機械理論設(shè)計、方法及工藝裝備，提高機械零件加工的精度及工藝成本，進而提升學(xué)生開發(fā)和創(chuàng)新機械產(chǎn)品的能力。
指導(dǎo)教師意見
指導(dǎo)教師簽名：
2012年 11 月 25日
教研室（學(xué)科組、研究所）意見
教研室主任簽名：
年 月 日
系意見
主管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)簽名：
年 月 日
Modern integration manufacture system technical constitution and development strategy research
The information technology development causes the revolution caused us to enter the information age. Not only the information revolution causes people's thought idea, the life style change, moreover has caused the production method and the manufacture philosophy huge change, may say in the recent ten years proposed the new manufacture philosophy cannot leave the support which the information technology provides, take the informatization technique of manufacture is causing the manufacturing industry as representative's advanced technique of manufacture to be in the important historical transformation time. For many years, our country's comprehensive national strength unceasingly has strengthened, enters the pass in namely, the market competition is extremely intense, the domestic market transformed from the seller market as the buyers' market, moreover is becoming the international market rapidly a part, many large and middle scale enterprises are at the disadvantageous position in the competition, even goes bankrupt, goes out of business. This article unifies our country national condition, through the analysis modern integration manufacture system and the advanced technique of manufacture relations, elaborated our country modern integration manufacture system technical constitution and the development strategy and the way, hoped makes a beneficial exploration for our country manufacturing industry development.
The modern integration manufacture system meaning and the localization
Modern integration manufacture system (Contemporary Integrated Manufacturing System) is the computer integration manufacture system recent development phase, in the inheritance computer integration manufacture system outstanding achievement foundation, it absorbs in the advanced technique of manufacture unceasingly the related thought essence, from the information integration, the process integration integrates the direction to the enterprise to develop rapidly, is at the core position in the advanced technique of manufacture. To be specific, it the traditional technique of manufacture and the modern information technology, the management technology, the automated technology, the systems engineering technology carries on the organic union, causes the enterprise product in the entire life cycle through the computer technology the related organization, the management, the management and the technical organic integration and the optimized movement, realizes the informationization, the intellectualization, the integration in the enterprise product entire life cycle optimizes, achieved the product goes on the market quickly, serves, the quality superiorly, the cost low goal, then enhances the enterprise the flexibility, the toughness and the agility, causes the enterprise to be in an impregnable position in the intense market competition. Looked from the integrated angle that, the early computer integration manufacture system stresses on the information integration, but the modern integration manufacture system integrated concept all had the enormous expansion in the breadth and the depth, has also realized in the enterprise product entire life cycle each kind of service process whole optimization besides the information integration, namely the process integration, and develops between the enterprise superiority supplementary enterprise's integrated stage.
The modern integration manufacture system technical constitution
Advanced technique of manufacture (AMT-Advanced Manufacturing Technology) took a proper noun does not have one until now explicitly, the consistent recognition definition. Through to its connotation and the characteristic research, at present the common understanding is: The advanced technique of manufacture is the tradition technique of manufacture unceasingly absorbs aspect and so on machinery, electron, information, material, energy and modern management achievements, and applies its synthesis in the product design, the manufacture, the examination, the management, sales, the use, the service manufacture entire process, realizes, highly effective, the low consumption high quality, clean, the nimble production, and obtains the ideal technical economic effect the technique of manufacture always to call it has the following some characteristics:
Transforms from the traditional order working to the multi-tasking way, reduces the action cycle, improves the work quality; From defers to the function division department the fixed organization form to the dynamic independent management group working transformation. In the advanced technique of manufacture, the modern integration manufacture system in the absorption computer integration manufacture system outstanding achievement foundation, continues to impel the parallel projects, the hypothesized manufacture, the agile manufacture and the dynamic alliance research work carries on thoroughly, and absorbs in the advanced technique of manufacture unceasingly the success experience and the advanced thought, carries on them the promoted application, from this causes the modern integration manufacture system to become the advanced technique of manufacture the core, the concrete explanation is as follows:
1st, parallel projects (CE-Concurrent Engineering):
The parallel projects is the integration, parallel designs the product and the correlation process (including manufacture process and support process) the system approach.It requests the product development personnel in to form from the very beginning on the consideration product entire life cycle in from the concept to product abandonment all factors, including quality, cost, progress plan and user request. In order to achieve the parallel goal, must establish integrates highly principal-mode, realizes the different department personnel's joint operation through it; In order to achieve the product one time designs successfully, reduces the relapse, it has applied the simulation technology in many parts; The principal-mode establishment, the partial simulation application and so on all contains in the hypothesized technique of manufacture, may say the parallel projects the development has created the condition for the hypothesized technique of manufacture birth, the hypothesized technique of manufacture will be take the parallel projects as the foundation, the parallel projects further development is the hypothesized technique of manufacture. At the same time, the parallel projects is under technical support and so on the CAD, CAM, CAPP, originally separately will carry on work in time and space overlapping, overlapping, has used the original technology fully, and has absorbed the current rapid development computer technology, the networking outstanding achievement, will cause it to become in the advanced technique of manufacture the foundation.
2nd, hypothesized manufacture (VM-Virtual Manufacturing):
The hypothesized manufacture use information technology, the simulation technology, the computer technology to in the reality manufacture person, the thing, the information and the manufacture process carry on the comprehensive simulation, discovered in the manufacture possibly appears the question, takes the preventive measure before the product actual production, thus achieved the product disposable makes successfully, achieved reduces cost, the reduction product development cycle, enhancement product competitive power goal
At present, the hypothesized technique of manufacture already in overseas had the application, for example: American Boneing a corporate design VS-X hypothesized airplane, the available hard helmet monitor and the data glove carry on the observation and the control, causes the Aircraft Design personnel to observe the Aircraft Design personally the result, and to its outward appearance, the internal structure and the operational performance carries on the inspection; The domestic research just started, mainly concentrated in three aspects
(1) Product hypothesized design technology:
Mainly includes the hypothesized product to develop the platform, the hypothesized test, the hypothesized assembly as well as the engine bed, the mold hypothesized design realization and so on.Qinghua University developed the platform using American Country Instrument Company's Labview to realize the phase locking circuit hypothesized
(2) Product hypothesized technique of manufacture
Mainly to include the material hot-working craft simulation, the processing process simulation, the plate formation simulation, the mold manufacture simulation and so on. North the navigation the sheet formation software which developed with OPTRIS already is basic with steam can simulate the similar vehicle door the medium complex degree automobile cover and other ramming formation ramming formation process;
(3) Hypothesized manufacture system
Mainly includes the hypothesized technique of manufacture the architecture, the technical support, the development strategy and so on. May see from above elaboration the domestic and foreign research horizontal disparity is very big, moreover because the hypothesized technique of manufacture not only is the parallel projects development direction also is the agile manufacture core, this decided we must by it take the modern integration manufacture system the central technology, leads the correlation technology research work march, and causes them to coordinate develops smoothly.
3rd, agile manufacture (AM-Agile Manufacturing):
The agile manufacture is take the competitive power and creditworthiness as a foundation, chooses the collaborator to form the hypothesized company, the division of labor and cooperation, joint effort for the identical goal strengthens the whole competitive ability, makes the rapid reaction to the user demand, satisfies the user the need. In order to achieve fast strain capacity, the hypothesized enterprise's establishment is the key technologies, its core is the hypothesized technique of manufacture, namely the agile manufacture is take the hypothesized technique of manufacture as the foundation.The agile manufacture is the modern integration manufacture system develops the way that must be taken from the information integration which integrates to the enterprise, its level of development has represented the modern integration manufacture system level of development, is the modern integration manufacture system development direction.
4th, green manufacture (GM-Green Manufacturing):
The green manufacture is an overall evaluation environmental effect and the resources efficiency modern manufacture pattern, its goal is causes the product from the design, the manufacture, the packing, the transportation, to use to in the entire product life cycle which discards, to environment influence (negative) smallest, the resources use efficiency is highest. Green manufacture statement was the people takes the environmental protection day by day the inevitably choice, develops cannot take the environmental pollution as the price, the international manufacturing industry practice indicated, reduces the reject through the improvement entire manufacture craft, must compared to process the reject which factory processing already discharged to save the expenditure greatly.The green manufacture realization may achieve the goal through the computer simulation, namely it is a hypothesized manufacture part. Looked from the sustainable development viewpoint that, the green manufacture is chooses inevitably, it will become the modern integration manufacture system an important constituent.
We may see from above analysis: Each kind of advanced technique of manufacture is the interdependence, each other overlapping, under advanced technique of manufacture this building, the modern integration manufacture system becomes its core, and develops along with the advanced technique of manufacture unceasing development, namely the modern integration manufacture system should be a dynamic concept.。
Our country modern integration manufacture system development strategy
In under the market competition impetus, the advanced technique of manufacture development is extremely rapid, the new thought, the new concept emerge one after another incessantly, through to the modern integration manufacture system and the advanced technique of manufacture relations analysis, we thought when formulates our country modern integration manufacture system development strategy, should pay great attention to the humanist thought, the utilization parallel projects philosophy, causes each kind of advanced technique of manufacture to link up mutually, the coordinated development, and absorbs the advanced technique of manufacture unceasingly the mature achievement, widely applies the promotion function for the advanced technique of manufacture in our country. Therefore we should achieve:
(1) Take the enterprise demand as the starting point, take “flings the chart board” the project as the turning point, popularizes the CAD technology vigorously, helps the enterprise to carry on the personnel to train, improves the enterprise personnel's quality (including technical level, work manner, moral level and so on), enhances the enterprise unceasingly the management level, in computer integration manufacture system success demonstration enterprise prompt promoted parallel projects, and suitable thought and the technology and so on propaganda hypothesized manufacture, agile manufacture, provide the solid foundation for enterprise's further development.
(2) In the technical advanced aspect, do not need to pursue the world to be in the lead excessively, should act according to the enterprise actual request, the solution actual problem, argues vigorously creates the benefit as soon as possible, obtains the enterprise by this the support and obtains in the fund the help, in order to form the positive cycle, promotion research work further development. At the same time, should participate in the international cooperation, the track international research tendency, certainly, also may introduce some keys suitably, has the development potential technology, carries on the digestion and the innovation, reduces our country and the world advanced level disparity, maintains certain technology to be in the lead.
(3) Aims at weakness which our country scientific research strength disperses, the imitating disperser network production thought, using the computer network, the development cooperation research, builds the distributional network research center, coordination carries on the technical attack. The so-called distributional network research center is uses the information technology, the networking, the computer technology to in the reality research person, the thing, the information and the research process carries on the comprehensive integration, in certain time in order to the common goal does the research by the best personnel and the unit combination, transfers various aspects the enthusiasm through the joint operation to achieve the research work widely develops with carries on thoroughly, reduces the scientific research cycle, the enhancement scientific and technical payoffs competitive power, also may say the distributional network research center is the realistic development facility function in the network mapping, is one kind “hypothesized” working pattern.
In summary, develops our country's modern integration manufacture system to be supposed take enterprise's demand as the power, through government's policy and the plan coordination, continues to develop the parallel projects, the hypothesized manufacture, the agile manufacture and the green manufacture research and the application thoroughly, and using the distributional network research center, organizes various local the scientific research concentration of efforts breakthrough and the modern integration manufacture system close correlation like the STEP standard application, the CORBA standard promotion, the enterprise process restructuring theory research and so on has the significant strategic sense fundamental research work, causes the modern integration manufacture system to become our country manufacturing industry gradually the soul.
現(xiàn)代集成制造系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)構(gòu)成及發(fā)展策略研究
信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展引起的革命使我們進入了信息時代。信息革命不僅引起人們的思想觀念、生活方式的變化，而且導(dǎo)致了生產(chǎn)方式和制造哲理的巨大變化，可以說近十年來提出的新的制造哲理都離不開信息技術(shù)提供的支撐，以信息化制造技術(shù)為代表的先進制造技術(shù)正使制造業(yè)處于重要的歷史性變革時期。多年來，我國的綜合國力不斷增強，入關(guān)在即，市場競爭十分激烈，國內(nèi)市場已從賣方市場轉(zhuǎn)化為買方市場，而且正在迅速成為國際市場的一部分，許多大中型企業(yè)在競爭中處于不利地位，甚至破產(chǎn)、倒閉。本文結(jié)合我國國情，通過分析現(xiàn)代集成制造系統(tǒng)與先進制造技術(shù)的關(guān)系，論述了我國現(xiàn)代集成制造系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)構(gòu)成和發(fā)展策略及途徑，希望為我國制造業(yè)的發(fā)展做些有益的探索。
現(xiàn)代集成制造系統(tǒng)的含義與定位
現(xiàn)代集成制造系統(tǒng)（Contemporary Integrated Manufacturing System）是計算機集成制造系統(tǒng)新的發(fā)展階段，在繼承計算機集成制造系統(tǒng)優(yōu)秀成果的基礎(chǔ)上，它不斷吸收先進制造技術(shù)中的相關(guān)思想的精華，從信息集成、過程集成向企業(yè)集成方向迅速發(fā)展，在先進制造技術(shù)中處于核心地位。具體地說，它將傳統(tǒng)的制造技術(shù)與現(xiàn)代信息技術(shù)、管理技術(shù)、自動化技術(shù)、系統(tǒng)工程技術(shù)進行有機的結(jié)合，通過計算機技術(shù)使企業(yè)產(chǎn)品在全生命周期中有關(guān)的組織、經(jīng)營、管理和技術(shù)有機集成和優(yōu)化運行，在企業(yè)產(chǎn)品全生命周期中實現(xiàn)信息化、智能化、集成優(yōu)化，達到產(chǎn)品上市快、服務(wù)好、質(zhì)量優(yōu)、成本低的目的，進而提高企業(yè)的柔性、健壯性和敏捷性，使企業(yè)在激烈的市場競爭中立于不敗之地。從集成的角度看，早期的計算機集成制造系統(tǒng)側(cè)重于信息集成，而現(xiàn)代集成制造系統(tǒng)的集成概念在廣度和深度上都有了極大的擴展，除了信息集成外還實現(xiàn)了企業(yè)產(chǎn)品全生命周期中的各種業(yè)務(wù)過程的整體優(yōu)化，即過程集成，并發(fā)展到企業(yè)優(yōu)勢互補的企業(yè)之間的集成階段。
現(xiàn)代集成制造系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)構(gòu)成
先進制造技術(shù)（AMT－Advanced Manufacturing Technology）作為一個專有名詞至今還沒有一個明確的、一致公認的定義。通過對其內(nèi)涵和特征的研究，目前共同的認識是：先進制造技術(shù)是傳統(tǒng)制造技術(shù)不斷吸收機械、電子、信息、材料、能源和現(xiàn)代管理等方面的成果，并將其綜合應(yīng)用于產(chǎn)品設(shè)計、制造、檢測、管理、銷售、使用、服務(wù)的制造全過程，以實現(xiàn)優(yōu)質(zhì)、高效、低耗、清潔、靈活的生產(chǎn)，并取得理想技術(shù)經(jīng)濟效果的制造技術(shù)的總稱它具有如下一些特點：
從傳統(tǒng)的順序工作方式向并行工作方式轉(zhuǎn)變，縮短工作周期，提高工作質(zhì)量； 從按照功能劃分部門的固定組織形式向動態(tài)的自主管理的小組工作方式轉(zhuǎn)變。在先進制造技術(shù)中，現(xiàn)代集成制造系統(tǒng)在吸收計算機集成制造系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)秀成果的基礎(chǔ)上，繼續(xù)推動并行工程、虛擬制造、敏捷制造和動態(tài)聯(lián)盟的研究工作深入進行，并不斷吸收先進制造技術(shù)中的成功經(jīng)驗和先進思想，將它們進行推廣應(yīng)用，由此使現(xiàn)代集成制造系統(tǒng)成為先進制造技術(shù)的核心，具體說明如下：
1、并行工程（CE－Concurrent Engineering）：
并行工程是集成地、并行地設(shè)計產(chǎn)品及其相關(guān)過程（包括制造過程和支持過程）的系統(tǒng)方法。它要求產(chǎn)品開發(fā)人員在一開始就考慮產(chǎn)品整個生命周期中從概念形成到產(chǎn)品報廢的所有因素，包括質(zhì)量、成本、進度計劃和用戶要求。為了達到并行的目的，必須建立高度集成的主模型，通過它來實現(xiàn)不同部門人員的協(xié)同工作；為了達到產(chǎn)品的一次設(shè)計成功，減少反復(fù)，它在許多部分應(yīng)用了仿真技術(shù)；主模型的建立、局部仿真的應(yīng)用等都包含在虛擬制造技術(shù)中，可以說并行工程的發(fā)展為虛擬制造技術(shù)的誕生創(chuàng)造了條件，虛擬制造技術(shù)