2012高中英語(yǔ)課時(shí)講練通配套課件 Unit1《Great scientists》Period 4新人教版必修5

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,1. contribute 閱讀下列句子，并在其后的括號(hào)內(nèi)填入contribute (to)的含義 a. 捐助；幫助 b. 投稿；撰稿 c. 促進(jìn) d. 有助于 e. 是的原因；導(dǎo)致 Various factors contributed to his downfall. ( e ) She has been contributing to the paper for 5 years. ( b ),The rich man contributed to the children in poor areas. ( a ) Your suggestion has contributed to the accomplishment of our work. ( c ) This policy will contribute to further development of our economy. ( d ),contribution是contribute的名詞形式。 make a contribution (to)=contribute (to), 意為：(為)做出貢獻(xiàn),看圖說(shuō)話(結(jié)合圖片翻譯句子) Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his returning to school. A writer wrote an article about the story and contributed it to a newspaper.,許多人給那位可憐的男孩捐款，這促使他重返校園。有位作家寫了一篇有關(guān)此事的文章并投稿到報(bào)社。,2. apart from Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases. (P4) 除了上面提到的結(jié)構(gòu)，你還學(xué)過(guò)以下短語(yǔ)。,Apart from them, I have no one to talk to. 除了他們，我沒有人交流談心。 It is a good piece of work apart from a few slight faults. 這是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的作品，只是有幾處輕微的毛病。,apart from有三種基本的意義 apart from=besides，意思是：除之外(還有)；此外 apart from=but/except, 意思是：除了之外(沒有) apart from=except for，意思是：除了；只是,_ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes. 2011福建高考 A. Far from B. Apart from C. Instead of D. Regardless of 【解析】選B。考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：除了好的服務(wù)，這家飯店還提供各種各樣的傳統(tǒng)的福建菜。far from遠(yuǎn)非，遠(yuǎn)不如；apart from除之外；instead of代替，而不是；regardless of不管，不顧。根據(jù)句意選B。,I almost knew nothing about the accident_ the report about it in the newspaper. A. besides B. except for C. apart from D. except that 【解析】選C。句意：除了報(bào)紙上對(duì)事故的報(bào)道之外，我?guī)缀鯇?duì)它一無(wú)所知。apart from 除之外，符合句意。besides除之外還有；except for除去不同類的東西；except that意義同except for，但其后接從句。, _ being too large, it just doesnt suit me. A. Except B. Except for C. In addition D. Apart from 【解析】選D。句意：除了尺寸太大外，它也不適合我穿。apart from在本句中相當(dāng)于besides，意為“除了之外”。,3. make sense This sentence doesnt make sense/makes no sense. 這句子毫無(wú)意義。 It makes sense to take care of your health. 注意身體健康是明智的。,make sense 意為：講得通；有意義；有道理。 make no sense 意為：講不通；沒有意義；沒有道理。,make sense of. . . 了解的意義；懂得 a sense of humor/direction/fear 幽默感/方向感/恐懼感 common sense 常識(shí) in a sense 在某種意義上 in no sense 決不(位于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)， 句子的主謂要用部分倒裝) There is no sense in (doing) sth. 做某事沒有道理/意義,The conclusion is in no sense scientific. =In no sense is the conclusion scientific. 這個(gè)結(jié)論決不是科學(xué)的。,Can you _ the point? If you can, please explain to me. A. make sense of B. make difference to C. make a remark on D. have an effect on 【解析】選A。句意：你懂得這個(gè)要點(diǎn)嗎？如果懂，請(qǐng)你給我解釋一下。make sense of懂得；make difference to有影響；有關(guān)系；make a remark on發(fā)表評(píng)論；批評(píng)；have an effect on影響。,What he said _. He knows nothing about the economy. A. make some sense B. makes some sense C. make no sense D. doesnt make any sense 【解析】選D。句意：他的話沒有任何意義。對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)他一無(wú)所知。make no sense“沒有意義，講不通”，但C項(xiàng)應(yīng)該用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故答案為D。,現(xiàn)在擔(dān)心這件事已經(jīng)沒有意義了。(一句多譯) A. It doesnt make any sense/makes no sense to worry about it now. B. There is no sense in worrying about it now.,4. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. (P7) 只有把太陽(yáng)放在那個(gè)位置，天空中其他行星的運(yùn)動(dòng)才能講得通。 這是一個(gè)倒裝句。當(dāng)“only狀語(yǔ)”置于句首時(shí)，句子的主謂采用部分倒裝。,Only then did I realize that I was wrong. (only+副詞) 直到那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到我錯(cuò)了。 Only in this way can we learn a foreign language well. (only介詞短語(yǔ)) 只有這樣我們才能學(xué)好外語(yǔ)。 Only when he returned did we find the truth. (only狀語(yǔ)從句) 只有當(dāng)他回來(lái)時(shí)，我們才弄明白事實(shí)真相。,Only if you practice enough will you (你們才會(huì)) defeat your opponents. If only you had attended our evening party (你要是參加我們的晚會(huì)就好了). We had a good time.,If only you _ there joining us yesterday! A. are B. were C. had been D. be 【解析】選C。if only后接與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用had done。句意：你昨天要是和我們一塊就好了!, _ you eat the correct food_ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. A. Only if; will you B. Only if; you will C. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will 【解析】選A?？疾榈寡b句的用法。句意：只有在你飲食正確的條件下，你才能保持健康。only用于句首和條件狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)，后面使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。,5. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth . (P7) 他把太陽(yáng)固定在太陽(yáng)系的中心位置上，而行星則圍繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)，只有月球仍然繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。,這是一個(gè)較復(fù)雜的簡(jiǎn)單句。(1)過(guò)去分詞fixed在句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞sun；(2)with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth，是兩個(gè)“with+名詞/代詞+v. -ing形式”復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，the moon前面省略了介詞with。,Come on; please give me some ideas about the project. 快點(diǎn)，請(qǐng)給我一些有關(guān)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的建議。 Sorry. With so much work filling my mind, I almost break down. 很抱歉，腦子里裝這么多的工作，我?guī)缀跻宓袅恕?你知道with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的具體構(gòu)成形式嗎?,【知識(shí)鏈接】 with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，其構(gòu)成是：,With you standing here (站在這兒), we cant be absorbed into our job. (stand) Deng Xiaoping got off the bus, with his daughter supporting him (攙扶著他). (support), _of the danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend _ her. A. Warned; followed B. Warned; following C. Having warned; followed D. Having warned; following 【解析】選B。主語(yǔ)she與warn之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，warned. . . 作原因狀語(yǔ)；a friend與follow之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞，with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作方式狀語(yǔ)。,I couldnt do my homework with all that noise_ . A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on 【解析】選A?？疾椤皐ith +復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。noise與go on之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，而且表示進(jìn)行，因此選A。,With the meal over，we all went home. 吃完了飯，我們都回了家。 With all the dishes washed, she took a rest. 刷完了所有的碗碟，她休息了一下。 I cant go out with a lot of problems to solve . 我不能出去，因?yàn)橛泻芏鄦?wèn)題需要解決。,Im used to sleeping with the windows open. 我習(xí)慣于開著窗戶睡覺。 The street looks more beautiful with all the lights on. 所有的燈都亮著，街道看起來(lái)更加漂亮。 He was sleeping with his head on his arm. 腦袋枕著胳膊，他睡著了。,1. cautious His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas, but Copernicus was cautious. (P7) 他的朋友都熱情地鼓勵(lì)他把他的想法公之于世，但哥白尼卻很謹(jǐn)慎。,Life is a chess and we should be cautious of/about taking every step. 人生就是一盤棋，我們要謹(jǐn)慎走好每一步棋。,cautious的意思是：小心的；謹(jǐn)慎的。 be cautious about/of. . . “對(duì)小心；留意；謹(jǐn)防” 。,The economic situation is worse at present. You should always be _ about making investments. A. enthusiastic B. optimistic C. cautious D. careful 【解析】選C。句意：目前經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)更糟了，你在投資時(shí)應(yīng)該小心謹(jǐn)慎。cautious小心的(側(cè)重考慮事情后果)；enthusiastic熱心的；熱情的；optimistic樂觀的；careful小心的(側(cè)重做事細(xì)心、留心)。,用cautious，careful填空 He is cautious of telling the secret. You have to be careful with people you dont know. The doctor gave the patient a careful examination. But he was very cautious of telling him the truth. He studies hard and is very careful with his study.,2. reject The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying it was against Gods idea and people who supported it would be attacked. (P7) 基督教會(huì)不接受他的理論，說(shuō)它違背上帝的意愿，支持它的人會(huì)遭到報(bào)應(yīng)的。 All apples with soft spots were rejected. 所有帶軟斑點(diǎn)的蘋果都被剔除。,reject作為及物動(dòng)詞，意為：拒絕；不接受；拋棄。,用reject，refuse的適當(dāng)形式填空 We rejected his idea for a music club， and decided to have an art club instead. They refused to accept our offer of help. We were going to set off immediately, but the truck refused to start. It is hard for me to reject some bad habits.,The shop assistant brought out a pile of rejected clothes for him to choose from. The patients body rejected the heart transplant (心臟移植). I wrote a letter to him asking for help, but I was refused.,In the year 1666 there was a terrible disease in London. Thousands of people died every week. The disease was 1 by fleas(跳蚤), which lived in clothes. When people started to feel 2 , they sneezed (打噴嚏). Then they had a headache and had a high temperature, and in less than a week they died. The village of Eyam is in the north of England. People there heard of the terrible 3 in London. They were very 4 that London was so far away.,One day a man arrived from 5 . He brought with him lots of different things to 6 . Among these things there was some cloth. On it were the 7 “Made in London”. Two days later, a boy sneezed. He said he had a 8 . Nobody worried much，but soon he was 9 with a high temperature. The next day, the boy 10 died, and another two people 11 to sneeze. At once the village people held a meeting to 12 what to do. An old man said, “If people run away from this village, they 13 carry the disease with them. Then the disease will be carried to other 14 and thousands of people will die. We must 15 other people outside our village dont 16 this terrible disease”.,The people of Eyam 17 the old man. In this way they 18 the population of the other villages from the terrible disease. 19 , 40% of the population of Eyam died from the disease. The disease itself 20 . The people who were still living were able to visit people outside the village again.,1. A. took B. brought C. spread D. carried 【解析】選D。構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was carried by. . . ，而動(dòng)詞spread通常用作不及物動(dòng)詞。 2. A. sad B. ill C. worried D. nervous 【解析】選B。根據(jù)上下文可知，只有當(dāng)人們生病的時(shí)候，才會(huì)有下文中提到的情況。,3. A. disease B. earthquake C. flood D. fighting 【解析】選A。倫敦發(fā)生的可怕疾病(illness/disease )。 4. A. happy B. sad C. frightened D. surprised 【解析】選A。結(jié)合上下文，London距離Eyam村莊很遠(yuǎn)，這有利于阻止疾病的蔓延，因而人們很高興。,5. A. Paris B. New York C. London D. Berlin 【解析】選C。根據(jù)短文下面的介紹，這個(gè)村莊的疾病正是由這個(gè)來(lái)自倫敦的人帶來(lái)的，以及下文Made in London也可知答案。 6. A. sell B. give C. show D. send 【解析】選A。根據(jù)情景可知，這個(gè)人是來(lái)這個(gè)村莊賣東西的。,7. A. sentence B. phrase C. words D. letters 【解析】選C。根據(jù)前面的系動(dòng)詞用were，可知主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)人稱形式，因此用words, 而letters不符合句意。 8. A. toothache B. earache C. stomachache D. headache 【解析】選D。根據(jù)前面介紹，得這種病時(shí)會(huì)頭痛和發(fā)高燒。,9. A. in the classroom B. in the office C. at his desk D. in bed 【解析】選D。be in bed表示“病得臥床不起”。 10. A. quickly B. suddenly C. early D. immediately 【解析】選B。副詞suddenly表示“突然”，說(shuō)明出乎人們預(yù)料。 11. A. wanted B. decided C. started D. continued 【解析】選C。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)是開始出現(xiàn)打噴嚏的癥狀。,12. A. discuss B. talk C. say D. see 【解析】選A。村民們聚集到一起顯然是討論或商議如何采取措施來(lái)遏制疾病的蔓延。 13. A. must B. may C. should D. need 【解析】選B。may表示存在的可能性，因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)并非人人都感染了疾病。,14. A. cities B. places C. villages D. countries 【解析】選B。這些村民如果外出，可能去的地方很多，不會(huì)局限于某一類地點(diǎn)。 15. A. help B. tell C. make promise D. make sure 【解析】選D。構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)make sure，表示“確保，保證”。,16. A. take up B. pick up C. look up D. bring up 【解析】選B。pick up在這里表示“被感染”。 17. A. agreed with B. said “hi” to C. believed in D. talked to 【解析】選A。構(gòu)成agree with someone，表示“同意贊成某人的觀點(diǎn)或看法”。,18. A. increased B. reduced C. saved D. rescued 【解析】選C。由于這個(gè)村莊的人都同意了村中這位老人的觀點(diǎn)，沒有外出，從而使其他村莊的人免遭這種疾病。 19. A. Instead B. Unfortunately C. In the end D. On the other hand 【解析】選C。in the end說(shuō)明最后結(jié)果。,20. A. came out B. turned out C. looked out D. died out 【解析】選D。短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞die out表示“消失，絕跡”。,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來(lái)學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,