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黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計
附 錄 A 外文文獻(xiàn)
Farm Machinery Using & Maintenance
The most important thing is the meshing mark and meshing backlash of the driven bevel gears and active bevel gears, the firmness adjustment of half axle gears and planetary gear in maintenance of the BJ2020S jeep driving axle . This is an important and difficult job ,because the rear axle and driven working under the large load and high speed. And the bear is alternating load. If the meshing mark is not conforming to requirements or the meshing backlash is not good, it will appear smooth transmission speed and noise, wear, or even broken tooth gear, which directly influences the car service life and various tasks when it is working. At the same time , lord and driven tapered gear meshing mark and the check assembly and adjustment became a complicated problem although automobile driving axle structure is not a very complicated but some people is not familiar with the principle on gear transmission. Based on years of teaching and practice in the maintenance work with the adjustment of BJ2020S jeep driving axle differential gears and bearings has some method and steps of the relevant views and comments about something.
Ⅰ Adjustment of the axis gear differential planetary gear mesh clearance
Half axle gears and planetary gear mesh clearance is adjusted by half axle gears and differential shell thickness between three different (0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.2 mm) thrust washers . Because of the planetary gear differential between shell with the thrust washers, so it must be the half axle gears through the thrust washers (two half axle gears and add, subtract washers), and the gap of the planetary gear mesh. Then using pins will planetary gear axle fixed.
Ⅱ Adjustment of differential backlash
This bearing clearance is adjusted by adding, subtracting differential bearings and differential between shell thickness (0.5 mm in four different, o. mm, 0.15 ram, 0.10 ram) to adjust the adjustment of the gasket. In the adjustment of the former ready right and left bridge between shell of gasket, installation fixed good follower bevel gears. Active bevel gears should not installed in accordance with the relevant provisions of the torque (40-60N, m) installed left and right with tapered bridge housing, active gear with long bar, or a screwdriver to turn down, or pry differential assembly, to check differential assembly bearings between differential to feel no axial clearance and rotate freely.
Ⅲ Active bevel gears bearing clearance adjustment
In active position of bevel gears can be determined by the basic, increase and decrease active bevel gears with active before bearings taper gear bearing thrust ring between four different thickness (0.10 mm, 0.15 ram, 0.25 mm mm) adjustment, 0.50 gasket to adjust, the flexible rotation, no axial and radial clearance.
Ⅳ Active bevel gears and driven bevel gears clearance and meshing mark adjustment
Domestic automobile gear for no modifier, assembling widely adopted, the first meshing mark check whether the meshing mark requirements, such as requirements, through the change of bevel gears, driven axial position to get to meet the requirements of meshing mark, the active bevel gears bearing and differential bearing clearance (pre-tightening degrees) basis, rub-up, driven bevel gears, initiative on 3-4 taper gear teeth are coated with thin layer opposite, oil (or face turns into oil), according to the requirements and differential assembly installed left, right, forward and backward bridge housing, then turn active bevel gears decomposition of left and right to bridge housing, driven gear tooth surface of conical whether imprint requirements. If meshing mark requirements, visible to the situation by outward, to the right or left, bevel gears, driven to adjust. When the meshing mark to tooth root cap, the main, small or client, the formula for the Lord: "the Lord, from (i.e., big into bevel gears into active driven gear), small (i.e. driven out from bevel gears removed from active gear)." When the Lord, driven gear cone of meshing mark complies with the standards and inspection, driven bevel gears, active bevel gears and clearance of bevel gears driven backlash should actively bevel gears in the radius of 45mm flanges on the circumference displacement measurement, the arc length) should be in (0.2-0.6 mm. If does not accord with a standard, can increase and decrease active bevel gears and bearings taper gear after the shim between left and right or mobile differential bearing adjustment gasket, driven to adjust the gap, so bevel gears, driven when the bevel gears has adjusted, adjust the marks are not destroyed, small volume, driven tapered gear meshing mark.
Ⅴ Drive and differential assembly
We can start assemble the drive and differential when the differential gears, driven gear, each bearing, tapered meshing mark adjustment is over. Based on the thickness of the gasket and the bolt torques, we should coated with rubber seal, assembled active bevel gears, mount differential assembly, then closed the bridge housing.
附 錄 B 中文譯文
減速器和差速器的調(diào)整與裝配
在對BJ2020S吉普車后橋的維修中，最主要的就是減速器主、從動圓錐齒輪的嚙合印痕及嚙合間隙；差速器半軸齒輪、行星齒輪嚙合間隙和各軸承松緊度的調(diào)整。這是一項既重要又較為困難的工作，因為后橋主、從動圓錐齒輪是在大負(fù)荷、高轉(zhuǎn)速下工作的，而且其所承受的是交變負(fù)荷，如果兩者的嚙合印痕不符合要求，或嚙合間隙不當(dāng)，工作中將會出現(xiàn)傳動不平穩(wěn)和噪音，加速齒面磨損，甚至打壞齒輪，直接影響汽車使用壽命和各項任務(wù)的完成。同時，汽車后橋的結(jié)構(gòu)雖不是很復(fù)雜，但由于主、從動圓錐齒輪的體積較大，拆裝費時費力，加之一些同志對齒輪的傳動原理不夠熟悉，實踐機(jī)會又少，主、從動圓錐齒輪嚙合印痕和間隙的檢查調(diào)整及裝配就成了一個較為復(fù)雜的問題。本文根據(jù)幾年來在教學(xué)和實際維修工作中的摸索，就BJ2020S吉普車后橋差速器齒輪和軸承的調(diào)整，主、從動圓錐齒輪嚙合印痕和間隙及主動圓錐齒輪軸承間隙的調(diào)整和裝配的有關(guān)方
法、步驟談點看法和意見。
一、差速器半軸齒輪與行星齒輪嚙合間隙的調(diào)整
半軸齒輪與行星齒輪嚙合間隙的調(diào)整，是通過半軸齒輪與差速器殼之間三個不同厚度(1.0mm、0.5mm、0.2mm)的止推墊片來調(diào)整的。因為行星齒輪與差速器殼之間的止推墊片是一定的，所以，通過加、減半軸齒輪的止推墊片(兩半軸齒輪同時加、減墊片)，使其與行星齒輪的嚙合間隙達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。然后用銷子將行星齒輪軸固定。
二、差速器軸承間隙的調(diào)整
此軸承間隙的調(diào)整是通過加、減差速器軸承與差速器殼之間四個不同厚度(0.5mm、0.25mm、0.15ram、0.10ram)的調(diào)整墊片來調(diào)整的。在調(diào)整前準(zhǔn)備好左、右橋殼之間的密封墊，安裝固定好從動圓錐齒輪。主動圓錐齒輪先不要安裝，應(yīng)按照規(guī)定的扭矩(40—60N·m)安裝好左、右橋殼，以圓錐主動齒輪的位置，用長金屬棒或大起子轉(zhuǎn)動差速器總成，或上下撬差速器總成，來檢查差速器軸承間隙，以達(dá)到感覺沒有軸向間隙且轉(zhuǎn)動自由為止。
三、主動圓錐齒輪軸承間隙的調(diào)整
在主動圓錐齒輪的位置基本確定后，可通過增、減主動圓錐齒輪前軸承與主動圓錐齒輪前軸承止推環(huán)之間的四個不同厚度(0.10mm、0.15ram、0.25mm、0.50mm)的調(diào)整墊片來調(diào)整，使其達(dá)到轉(zhuǎn)動靈活，沒有軸向、徑向間隙的感覺。
四、主動圓錐齒輪與從動圓錐齒輪間隙及嚙合印痕的調(diào)整
國產(chǎn)汽車齒輪因無修正值，裝配時普遍采用嚙合印痕調(diào)整法，即首先檢查嚙合印痕是否符合要求，如不符合要求，則通過改變主、從動圓錐齒輪的軸向位置來獲得符合要求的嚙合印痕，在調(diào)整好主動圓錐齒輪軸承和差速器軸承間隙(預(yù)緊度)的基礎(chǔ)上，擦凈主、從動圓錐齒輪，在主動圓錐齒輪3—4個齒的正、反面涂上薄層紅丹油(或紅印油)，放進(jìn)差速器總成，按要求裝好左、右橋殼，正、反轉(zhuǎn)動主動圓錐齒輪，然后分解左、右橋殼，查看從動圓錐齒輪齒面上的印痕是否符合要求。如嚙合印痕不符合要求，可視情況通過向里、向外或向左、向右移動主、從動圓錐齒輪來調(diào)整。當(dāng)嚙合印痕偏向齒頂、齒根或齒的大端、小端時，其調(diào)整口訣為：“頂進(jìn)主，根出主，大進(jìn)從(即從動圓錐齒輪移進(jìn)主動齒輪)，小出從(即從動圓錐齒輪移離主動齒輪)”。當(dāng)主、從動圓錐齒輪的
嚙合印痕符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)后，需檢查主、從動圓錐齒輪間隙，主動圓錐齒輪與從動圓錐齒輪的齒側(cè)間隙應(yīng)在主動圓錐齒輪法蘭盤半徑為45mm的圓周上測量，其位移(弧長)應(yīng)在0.2—0.6mm之間。如不符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，可增、減主動圓錐齒輪后軸承與主動圓錐齒輪之間的墊片或者左、右移動差速器軸承調(diào)整墊片來調(diào)整主、從動圓錐齒輪的間隙，因此時主、從動圓錐齒輪的印痕已調(diào)整好，調(diào)整量很小，是不會破壞主、從動圓錐齒輪嚙合印痕的。
五、減速器和差速器總成的裝配
在差速器齒輪主、從動圓錐齒輪、各軸承及嚙合印痕，都分別調(diào)整完畢后，開始進(jìn)行減速器與差速器總成的裝配。按照調(diào)整時所用墊片的厚度、各緊固螺栓的扭矩，涂上密封膠，先裝配好主動圓錐齒輪，再裝上差速器總成，最后按順序合上橋殼，至此全部調(diào)整裝配完成。
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