高二英語備課《Module 4 Great Scientists》單詞·典句·考點(diǎn) 教學(xué)素材 外研版必修4

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111名師導(dǎo)航四點(diǎn)剖析單詞典句考點(diǎn)巧記提示rise （v. 升起）arise經(jīng)典例句Accidents often arise from carelessness. 事故往往起因于粗心。How did this quarrel arise?這場爭吵是由于何種原因引起的？The problem may not arise, but theres no harm in keeping our powder dry. 問題不一定會發(fā)生, 但有備無患并無害處?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1)arise是不規(guī)則動詞, 其過去式:arose; 過去分詞:arisen; 現(xiàn)在分詞:arising 第三人稱單數(shù):arises。2)常用詞組:arise from 由而引起, 由而產(chǎn)生; 從中產(chǎn)生arise out of 由而引起, 由而產(chǎn)生; 從中產(chǎn)生經(jīng)典例句Business is booming. 生意日趨繁榮。In a city with booming industry, land is precious and cannot be extravagantly used for traffic. 在一個工業(yè)飛速發(fā)展的城市里, 土地資源非常寶貴, 不能任意地用于交通。He made his pile during the property boom. 在房地產(chǎn)生意興隆期間他發(fā)了大財?？键c(diǎn)聚焦boom 還可以表示 “隆隆響”。如:Our teacher boomed out his answer. 我們的老師用低沉的聲音作出回答。The tower clock boomed out twelve. 塔樓上的大鐘沉重地敲了十二下。經(jīng)典例句There was not much harmony in international affairs during those years. 那些年國際事態(tài)不很協(xié)調(diào)。 My cat and dog live in perfect harmony. 我的貓和狗相處得十分和睦。In a beautiful picture there is harmony between the different colors. 美麗的畫面中, 不同色彩相協(xié)調(diào)?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1)詞形變化:名詞復(fù)數(shù):harmonies; 形容詞:harmonious。 2)harmony相關(guān)詞組:be in harmony with與協(xié)調(diào)一致be out of harmony with與不協(xié)調(diào)一致live in harmony和睦相處活學(xué)巧用1. 單項(xiàng)填空His tastes are _ harmony with mine. A. at B. in C. out D. on答案：B巧記提示consult (v. 參考)+-ant (名詞后綴)consultant經(jīng)典例句The spys cover was that she was a consultant engineer. 那女間諜偽裝成顧問工程師。Of all the consultants, only Mr. Wang gave us some proposals in point. 所有的顧問當(dāng)中, 只有王先生提了一些中肯的建議?？键c(diǎn)聚焦consult v. 參考；查閱；咨詢; （常與with連用）商量；請教。如:I have consulted a number of law books in the British Museums. 我查閱了大英博物館里許多法律書籍。 I consulted with a friend on a matter. 我和朋友商量一件事。 If you wish good advice, consult an old man. 若要主意好，老人須請教。經(jīng)典例句She is vain and foolish, and yet people like her. 她自負(fù)而愚蠢，然而人們喜歡她。Shes very vain about her good looks. 她為她那好的容貌而自負(fù)。We tried in vain to make him change his mind. 我們想使他改變主意，結(jié)果是白費(fèi)心機(jī)。考點(diǎn)聚焦vain相關(guān)詞組:as vain as a peacock 像孔雀般地炫耀自己for vain 徒勞地; 徒然in vain徒勞, 無益地; 輕慢地; 隨便地活學(xué)巧用2. 單項(xiàng)填空The thief tried to open the locked door but _. A. in no wayB. in vainC. without effectD. at a loss答案：B經(jīng)典例句She works so fast that I cant keep pace with her. 她工作得很快，我跟不上她的速度。The work progressed at a slow pace. 這工作進(jìn)展緩慢。The test pilots put the new planes through their paces. 試驗(yàn)飛行員表演新型飛機(jī)的性能?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1)pace v. 踱步, 緩慢地走; 引導(dǎo)。如:She paced out the length of the room. 她用步子測量了房間的長度。He paced up and down (the platform), waiting for the train. 他（在月臺上）踱來踱去等候火車。2)at a good pace相當(dāng)快地keep pace with sb. /sth. 與某人/物齊步前進(jìn), 跟上某人/物make the pace 為別人定速度; 樹榜樣try sb. s paces試某人本領(lǐng)pace off用步子量出(一段距離)pace out用步子量出(總長度)pace up and down走來走去(尤指由于煩躁、焦慮等)活學(xué)巧用3. 單項(xiàng)填空Would you slow down a bit, please? I cant _ you. A. keep pace withB. put up withC. make up toD. hold on to答案：A經(jīng)典例句 He is noisy, but otherwise a nice boy. 他愛吵鬧, 但在其他方面卻是個好孩子。He reminded me of what I should otherwise have forgotten. 他提醒了我, 要不然我就會把這件事給忘了。Youd better give me my book, otherwise Ill fail my test. 你最好把我的書給我，否則我的測驗(yàn)將要不及格了。考點(diǎn)聚焦otherwise相關(guān)詞組:act otherwise than one says言行不一and otherwise等等, 及其他but otherwise 然而在別的方面卻or otherwise 或相反unless otherwise mentioned/stated除非另有說明otherwise from 不同于otherwise than 與不同的; 除之外活學(xué)巧用4. 單項(xiàng)填空We didnt know his telephone number, _ we would have telephoned him. A. otherwiseB. andC. butD. so答案：A經(jīng)典例句He devoted all his time to his job. 他把他的全部時間都用在工作上了。Everybody knows that our director is very devoted to his wife. 人人都知道我們的廠長對妻子十分忠誠。He devoted a great sum of money to books. 他花了一大筆錢買書?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1)派 devotion n. 獻(xiàn)身；專心；奉獻(xiàn)；信仰。如:The devotion of too much time to sports leaves too little time for studying. 把過多的時間用于體育運(yùn)動就使用于學(xué)習(xí)的時間太少了。2)相關(guān)詞組:devote to把獻(xiàn)給; 把專用于devote oneself to致力于, 獻(xiàn)身于; 專心于活學(xué)巧用5. 單項(xiàng)填空Although the working mother is very busy, she still _ a lot of time to children. A. devotesB. spendsC. offersD. provides答案：A經(jīng)典例句They swapped stories about their army days. 他們互相講述了他們在軍隊中的經(jīng)歷。Your book looks more interesting than mine. Do you want to swap with me?你的書好像比我的有意思, 你愿意和我交換嗎? She swapped our chairs round, so I had hers and she had mine. 她把我們倆的椅子對調(diào)了, 因此我坐的是她的, 她坐的是我的. 考點(diǎn)聚焦1)swap過去式為:swapped; 過去分詞為:swapped; 現(xiàn)在分詞:swapping。2)常用詞組:swap.for 以換 如:Ill swap my Michael Jackson tape for your Bruce Springsteen album. 我想用邁克爾杰克遜的錄音帶交換你的布魯斯斯普林斯廷唱片集。經(jīng)典例句You must quit smoking. Most important of all, you should start taking exercise. 你必須戒煙，更重要的是，你該開始運(yùn)動。He got his present job when he quitted the army. 他退伍后得到現(xiàn)在這份工作?？键c(diǎn)聚焦1)動詞過去式:quit/quitted; 過去分詞:quit/quitted; 現(xiàn)在分詞:quitting; 第三人稱單數(shù):quits。2)辨析:quit, abandon, desert都含有“放棄”“遺棄”的意思。quit 強(qiáng)調(diào)“突然地棄去”, 常指“停止”, 如:She quitted her job. 她放棄了自己的工作。abandon 強(qiáng)調(diào)“完全、永遠(yuǎn)地遺棄”, 尤其是指遺棄以前感興趣或負(fù)有責(zé)任的人或物, 如:She abandoned her child. 她遺棄了她的孩子。desert 強(qiáng)調(diào)“違背誓言、命令、責(zé)任、義務(wù)等”, 如:The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy. 那個士兵叛國助敵。3)常用詞組:quit ones home town 離開家鄉(xiāng) quit hold of 撒手放開quit love with hate 以怨報德, 恩將仇報be quit of 擺脫, 脫離, 免除經(jīng)典例句The holiday was a refreshing change for us. 這次假日別開生面，我們都感到新奇。I had a refreshing drink. 我喝了一杯清爽的飲料。There is nothing as refreshing as lemon tea. 什么都不如檸檬茶那樣提神。考點(diǎn)聚焦refresh 用法:v. 消除疲勞； (使) 精神振作, (使) 精力恢復(fù); 更新。如:A cool drink refreshed me after my long walk. 走了很長的一段路之后，一杯冷飲使我恢復(fù)了精神。I refreshed myself with a cup of coffee. 我喝了一杯咖啡給自己提提神。I looked at the map to refresh my memory of the road. 我看著地圖，想使自己回憶起那條道路。111