1817_托板沖壓模具設(shè)計(jì)

1817_托板沖壓模具設(shè)計(jì),沖壓,模具設(shè)計(jì) 托板沖壓模具設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)生姓名: 劉偉 班級(jí): 0781053指導(dǎo)老師: 陳為國(guó)摘要:沖壓模具在實(shí)際工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中應(yīng)用廣泛。在傳統(tǒng)的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中，工人生產(chǎn)的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大、勞動(dòng)量大，嚴(yán)重影響生產(chǎn)效率的提高。隨著當(dāng)今科技的發(fā)展， 工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中模具的使用已經(jīng)越來(lái)越引起人們的重視，而被大量應(yīng)用到工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中來(lái)。沖壓模具的自動(dòng)送料技術(shù)也投入到實(shí)際的生產(chǎn)中，沖壓模具可以大大的提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)效率，減輕工人負(fù)擔(dān)，具有重要的技術(shù)進(jìn)步意義和經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。本文提出采用模具來(lái)生產(chǎn)沖壓件的新工藝，并針對(duì)某規(guī)格夾具沖壓件設(shè)計(jì)了復(fù)合模。該模具設(shè)計(jì)的難點(diǎn)主要是如何解決好零件中的孔沖裁、確定模具結(jié)構(gòu)、如何進(jìn)行模具的制造及沖裁方案選定等。本文結(jié)合沖壓件的特點(diǎn)，具體解決了壓力機(jī)的選擇與校核、凸模和凹模刃口尺寸計(jì)算及結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、定位方案設(shè)計(jì)、卸料方式的設(shè)計(jì)、主要模具零件的加工工藝、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)零件的選用、模具的裝配等一系列的設(shè)計(jì)工作，這些設(shè)計(jì)可為類似的零件模具設(shè)計(jì)提供現(xiàn)實(shí)的指導(dǎo)意義。此次模具設(shè)計(jì)的突出特點(diǎn)是嘗試使用復(fù)雜的復(fù)合模具，解決常規(guī)沖壓工藝模具套數(shù)多、工藝路線長(zhǎng)、生產(chǎn)成本高、效率低等缺點(diǎn)，并為以后此類零件沖壓工藝的編制及模具設(shè)計(jì)提供了可靠的依據(jù)。本文介紹的模具實(shí)例結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)用，使用方便可靠，對(duì)類似工件的大批量生產(chǎn)具有一定的參考作用。關(guān)鍵詞: 沖模；復(fù)合模；沖裁力；沖裁間隙指導(dǎo)老師簽名:Tray stamping mould designStudent name : Liu Wei Class: 0781053Supervisor: Chen Wei GuoAbstract :Punching die has been widely used in industrial production. In the traditional industrial production, the worker work very hard, and there are too much work, so the efficiency is low. With the development of the science and technology nowadays, the use of punching die in the industial production gain more attention, and be used in the industrial production more and more. Self-acting feed technology of punching die is also used in production, punching die could increase the efficience of production and could alleviate the work burden，so it has significant meaning in technologic progress and economic value.This Article proposes using mold to produce retainer of the new technology, And against a standard fixture retainer design of the compound dies. The main problems of this mold design is how to solve retainer of punching holes, determine mold structure, how to manufacturing the mold and selected blanking programs and so on. This Article Combine the characteristics of retainer, concretely solve the choice and verify check of the press machine, the numeration and structure design of the point dimension of punch and matrix, the locating project design, the method of stripper, the main mold parts processing, the choice of standard parts, the design of the model assemble. These designs can provide realistic guiding significance for similar mold design. But the characteristics of the design is to try to using the complicate dies. To solve the problem of original process, such as large numbers of die, long process of technology, high production cost, low efficiency, difficulty in keeping symmetry of working parts are solved, and a reliable evidence for the workout of stamping process and die design of these parts is provided.The dies here discussed can be easily made, conveniently used, and safely operated. And it could be used as the reference in the large scale production of similar workpieces.key words: dies; compound dies; blanking force; blanking dearanceSignature of supervisor: 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）題目： 托板沖壓模具設(shè)計(jì)系 別 航空與機(jī)械工程系專業(yè)名稱 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化班級(jí)學(xué)號(hào) 078105314學(xué)生姓名 劉 偉指導(dǎo)教師 陳為國(guó)二 O 一一 年 6 月 目錄1 緒論 .11.1 模具行業(yè) .11.2 國(guó)內(nèi)外模具發(fā)展?fàn)顩r及趨勢(shì) .11.3 本次設(shè)計(jì)的主要方向、內(nèi)容及目的 .22 沖裁件的工藝分析 .32.1 沖裁件的材料及結(jié)構(gòu)的工藝性 .32.2 批量生產(chǎn) .32.3 沖壓件工藝分析 .42.4 沖裁件工藝設(shè)計(jì) .43 沖壓設(shè)計(jì) .43.1 計(jì)算搭邊值 .43.2 條料寬度 .43. 3 排樣圖 .53.4 沖裁力的計(jì)算 .53.6 壓力機(jī)噸位的選用 .64 沖裁模具相關(guān)參數(shù)計(jì)算 .64.1 計(jì)算 .64.2 經(jīng)驗(yàn)確定一些經(jīng)驗(yàn) .65 沖裁模刃口的計(jì)算 .75.1 確定模具磨損系數(shù) .75.2 凸凹模的加工 .76 其余模具標(biāo)準(zhǔn)零件 .86.1 固定擋料銷及導(dǎo)料銷 .86.2 推桿 .96.3 防轉(zhuǎn)銷 .96.4 圓柱銷 .106.5 卸料螺釘 .116.6 內(nèi)六角圓柱頭螺釘 .116.7 模柄 .126.8 卸料彈簧 .136.9 導(dǎo)柱導(dǎo)套 .146.10 模座 .147 模具裝配與調(diào)試 .157.1 模具裝配特點(diǎn) .157.2 裝配技術(shù)要求 .157.3 裝配過(guò)程 .167.3.1 常用的裝模工具 .167.3.2 模具的裝配 .167.4 裝模與試模 .177.4.1 模具的安裝 .177.5 檢驗(yàn)和驗(yàn)收技術(shù)條件 .207.6 使用規(guī)定 .207.7 沖模設(shè)計(jì)的審核項(xiàng)目 .21結(jié)論 .24參 考 文 獻(xiàn) .25致謝 .261Mold design and manufactureThe mold is the manufacturing industry important craft foundation, in our country, the mold manufacture belongs to the special purpose equipment manufacturing industry. China although very already starts to make the mold and the use mold, but long-term has not formed the industry. Straight stabs 0 centuries 80s later periods, the Chinese mold industry only then drives into the development speedway. Recent years, not only the state-owned mold enterprise had the very big development, the three investments enterprise, the villages and towns (individual) the mold enterprises development also quite rapid .Although the Chinese mold industrial development rapid, but compares with the demand, obviously falls short of demand, its main gap concentrates precisely to, large-scale, is complex, the long life mold domain. As a result of in aspect and so on mold precision, life, manufacture cycle and productivity, China and the international average horizontal and the developed country still had a bigger disparity, therefore, needed massively to import the mold every year .The Chinese mold industry except must continue to sharpen the productivity, from now on will have emphatically to the profession internal structure adjustment and the state-of-art enhancement. The structure adjustment aspect, mainly is the enterprise structure to the specialized adjustment, the product structure to center the upscale mold development, to the import and export structure improvement, center the upscale automobile cover mold forming analysis and the structure improvement, the multi-purpose compound mold and the compound processing and the laser technology in the mold design manufacture application, the high-speed cutting, the superfinishing and polished the technology, the information direction develops .2The recent years, the mold profession structure adjustment and the organizational reform step enlarges, mainly displayed in, large-scale, precise, was complex, the long life, center the upscale mold and the mold standard letter development speed is higher than the common mold product; The plastic mold and the compression casting mold proportion increases; Specialized mold factory quantity and its productivity increase; The three investments and the private enterprise develops rapidly; The joint stock system transformation step speeds up and so on. Distributes from the area looked, take Zhujiang Delta and Yangtze River delta as central southeast coastal area development quickly to mid-west area, south development quickly to north. At present develops quickest, the mold produces the most centralized province is Guangdong and Zhejiang, places such as Jiangsu, Shanghai, Anhui and Shandong also has a bigger development in recent years .Although our country mold total quantity had at present achieved the suitable scale, the mold level also has the very big enhancement, after but design manufacture horizontal overall rise and fall industry developed country and so on Yu De, America, date, France, Italy many. The current existence question and the disparity mainly display in following several aspects:(1) the total quantity falls short of demand domestic mold assembling oneself rate only ,about 70%. Low-grade mold , center upscale mold assembling oneself rate only has 50% about .(2) the enterprise organizational structure, the product structure, the technical structure and the import and export structure does not gatherin our country mold production factory to be most is from the labor mold workshop which produces assembles oneself (branch factory), from produces assembles oneself the proportion to reach as high as about 60%, but the overseas mold ultra 70% is the commodity mold. The specialized mold factory mostly is large and complete, small and entire organization form, but overseas mostly is small but, is specially small and fine. Domestic large-scale, precise, complex, the long life mold accounts for the total 3quantity proportion to be insufficient 30%, but overseas in 50% above 2004 years, ratio of the mold import and export is 3.7:1, the import and export balances the after net import volume to amount to 1.32 billion US dollars, is world mold net import quantity biggest country .(3) the mold product level greatly is lower than the international standardthe production cycle actually is higher than the international water broad product level low mainly to display in the mold precision, cavity aspect and so on surface roughness, life and structure .(4) develops the ability badly, economic efficiency unsatisfactory our country mold enterprise technical personnel proportion lowthe level is lower, also does not take the product development, frequently is in the passive position in the market. Our country each mold staff average year creation output value approximately ,ten thousand US dollars, overseas mold industry developed country mostly 15 to10,000 US dollars, some reach as high as 25 to10,000 US dollars, relative is our country quite part of molds enterprises also continues to use the workshop type management with it, truly realizes the enterprise which the modernized enterprise manages few To create the above disparity the reason to be very many, the mold long-term has not obtained the value besides the history in as the product which should have, as well as the most state-owned enterprises mechanism cannot adapt the market economy, but also has the following several reasons: .(1) country to mold industry policy support dynamics also insufficientlyalthough the country already was clear about has promulgated the mold profession industrial policy, but necessary policy few, carried out dynamics to be weak. At present enjoyed the mold product increment duty enterprise nation 185, the majority enterprise still the tax burden is only overweight. The mold enterprise carries on the technological transformations introduction equipment to have to pay the considerable amount the tax money, affects the technology advancement, moreover privately operated enterprise loan extremely difficult .4(2) talented person serious insufficient, the scientific research development and the technical attack investment too urine mold profession is the technology, the fund, the work crowded industry, along with the time progress and the technical development, grasps the talented person which and skilled utilizes the new technology exceptionally short, the high-quality mold fitter and the enterprise management talent extremely is also anxious. Because the mold enterprise benefit unsatisfactory and takes insufficiently the scientific research development and the technical attack, the scientific research unit and the universities, colleges and institutes eye stares at is creating income, causes the mold profession invests too few in the scientific research development and the technical attack aspect, causes the mold technological development step not to be big, progresses not quick .(3) the craft equipment level to be low, also necessary is not good, the use factor low recent years our country engine bed profession progressed quickly, has been able to provide the quite complete precision work equipment, but compared with the overseas equipment, still had a bigger disparity. Although the domestic many enterprises have introduced many overseas advanced equipment, but the overall equipment level low are very more than the overseas many enterprises. As a result of aspect the and so on system and fund reason, introduces the equipment not not necessary, the equipment and the appendix not necessary phenomenon are extremely common, the equipment utilization rate low question cannot obtain the comparatively properly solution for a long time .(4) specialization, standardization, commercialized degree low, the cooperation ability because receives large and complete small and entire the influence since long ago, mold specialization level low, the specialized labor division is not careful, the commercialized degree is low. At present domestic every year produces mold, commodity mold minister 40% About, other for from produce 5uses for oneself. Between the mold enterprise cooperates impeded, completes the comparatively large-scale mold complete task with difficulty. Mold standardization level low, mold standard letter use cave rare is low also to the mold quality, the cost has a more tremendous influence, specially has very tremendous influence .(5) to the mold manufacture cycle) the mold material and the mold correlation technology falls the mold material performance, the quality and the variety question often can affect the mold quality, the life and the cost, the domestically produced molding tool steel and overseas imports the steel products to compare has a bigger disparity. Plastic, plate, equipment energy balance, also direct influence mold level enhancement .At present, our country economy still was at the high speed development phase, on the international economical globalization development tendency is day by day obvious, this has provided the good condition and the opportunity for the our country mold industry high speed development. On the one hand, the domestic mold market will continue high speed to develop, on the other hand, the mold manufacture also gradually will shift as well as the transnational group to our country carries on the mold purchase trend to our country extremely to be also obvious. Therefore, will take a broad view the future, international, the domestic mold market overall development tendency prospect will favor, estimated the Chinese mold will obtain the high speed development under the good market environment, our country not only can become the mold great nation, moreover certainly gradually will make the powerful nation to the mold the ranks to make great strides forward. 15 period, the Chinese mold industry level not only has the very big enhancement in the quantity and the archery target aspect, moreover the profession structure, the product level, the development innovation ability, enterprises system and the mechanism as well as the technology advancement aspect also can obtain a bigger development .6The mold technology has gathered the machinery, the electron, chemistry, optics, the material, the computer, the precise monitor and the information network and so on many disciplines, is a comprehensive nature multi-disciplinary systems engineering. The mold technology development tendency mainly is the mold product to larger-scale, preciser, more complex and a more economical direction develops, the mold product technical content unceasingly enhances, the mold manufacture cycle unceasingly reduces, the mold production faces the information, is not having the chart, is fine, the automated direction develops, the mold enterprise to the technical integration, the equipment excellent, is producing approves the brand, the management information, the management internationalization direction develops. Our country mold profession still will have to enhance from now on the general character technology had :(1) to establish in the CAD/CAE platform the advanced mold design technology, enhances modernization which the mold designed, information, intellectualization, standardized level .(2) establishes in the CAM/CAPP foundation the advanced mold processing technology and the advanced manufacture technology unifies, raises the automated level and the production efficiency which the mold processes .(3) the mold production enterprises information management technology. For example PDM (product data management), ERP (enterprise resource management), MIS (mold manufacture management information system) and information network technology the and so on INTERMET platform application, the promotion and the development .(4) are high speed, Gao Jing, the compound mold processing technology research and the application. For example the ultra fine ramming mold manufacture technology, the precise plastic and the compression casting mold manufacture technology and so on .7(5) enhances the mold production efficiency, reduces the cost and reduces the mold production cycle each kind of fast economical mold manufacture technology .(6) the advanced manufacture technology application. For example hot technology and so on flow channel technology, gas auxiliary technology, hypothesized technology, nanotechnology, rapid scanning technology, reversion project, parallel project in the mold research, the development, the processing process application .(7) the raw material the simulation technology which forms in the mold .(8) the advanced mold processing and the appropriation equipment research and the development .(9) the mold and the mold standard letter, the important auxiliary standardized technology .(10) the mold and its the product examination technology.(11) high quality, the new mold material research and the development and its the correct application .(12) the mold production enterprises modern management technology Mold profession in 十 15 period needs to solve the key essential technology should be the mold information, the digitized technology and precise, ultra fine, high speed, the highly effective manufacture technology aspect breakthrough Along with the national economy total quantity and the industry product technology unceasing development, all the various trades and occupations to the mold demand quantity more and more big, the specification more and more is also high.Although mold type many, but its development should be with emphasis both can meet the massive needs, and has the comparatively high-tech content, specially at present domestic still could not be self-sufficient, needs the massive imports the mold and can represent the development direction large-scale, precise, is complex, the long life mold. The mold standard letter type, 8the quantity, the level, the production a and so on have the significant influence to the entire mold profession development. Therefore, some important mold standard letters also must the prioritize, moreover its development speed should quickly to the mold development speed, like this be able unceasingly to raise our country mold standardization level, thus improves the mold quality, reduces the mold production cycle, reduces the cost. Because our country mold product holds the bigger price superiority in the international market, therefore regarding the exportation prospect good mold product also should take key develops. According to the above required quantity big, the technical content is high, represents the development direction, the export prospect good principle choice prioritize product, moreover chooses the product to have at present to have the certain technology base, belongs has the condition, has the product which the possibility develops .According to 十 15 the mold profession development plan, 十 15 the period mold product development mainly has following several kind of the automobile cover mold (1) ramming mold to occupythe mold total quantity dish with emphasis above 40%. Automobile cover mold mainly for automobile necessary, also includes for the agriculture with the vehicle, the project machinery and the farm machinery necessary cover mold, it has the very big representation in the ramming mold, the mold mostly is large and middle scale, structure complex, the specification is high. For the passenger vehicle necessary cover mold, the request is in particular higher, may represent the ramming mold the level. This kind of mold our country had the certain technology base, already for middle-grade passenger vehicle necessary, but the level is not high, the ability is insufficient, at present satisfying rate only has one about the half. Center the upscale passenger vehicle cover mold main dependence import, has become the bottleneck 9which the automobile develops, enormous influence vehicle type development .(2)the precise ramming mold multi- locations level was entering the mold and fine represents the ramming mold development direction, the precision request life request has been extremely high, mainly for the electronics industry, the automobile, the instrument measuring appliance, the electrical machinery electric appliance and so on formed a complete set. These two kind of molds, domestic had the suitable foundation, and has introduced the overseas technology and the equipment, the individual enterprise produces the product has achieved the world level, but the majority of enterprises still had a bigger disparity, the supply total quantity insufficient, the import were very many (3) the large-scale precise plastic moldplastic mold accounts for the mold total quantity 10%, moreover this proportion also is rising. In the plastic mold necessary large-scale casts the mold for the automobile and the electrical appliances, necessary models for the integrated circuit seals the mold, for the electronic information industry and the machinery and the packing necessary multilayer, the multi- cavities, the multi- material qualities, the multicolor precise note , and saves water the agricultural necessary plastic different molding for the new building materials to squeeze out the mold and the pipeline and the nozzle mold and so on, at present although had the suitable technology base and fast is developing, but the technical level and overseas still had a bigger disparity, the total quantity falls short of demand, Every year import amount reaches several hundred million US dollar.(4) the main mold standard to imitatee at present domestically to have an greater output the mold standard letter mainly is the mold frame, the guidance, the throwout lever pushes the tube, the elastic part and so on. These products not only the domestic necessary massive need, the exportation prospect very is also good, should continue 10vigorously to develop. The nitrogen cylinder and the hot flow channel part main dependence import, should raise the level in the existing foundation, forms the standard and organization scale production.(5) the other high-tech content molds occupiesin the mold total quantity green 8% compression casting mold, large-scale thin wall precise compression casting technology content high, the difficulty is big. The magnesium alloy compression casting mold at present although just started, but the prospects for development were good, have the representation. The meridian rubber tire mold also is the development direction, detachable mold technology difficulty is biggest. With fast takes shape some fast pattern making technologies and the corresponding fast economical mold which the technology unifies has the very good prospects for development. These high-tech content molds in 十 15 period also should the prioritize .