3408 手機充電器塑料模具設(shè)計

3408 手機充電器塑料模具設(shè)計,手機充電器,塑料,模具設(shè)計 河南理工大學萬方科技學院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）開題報告題目名稱 手機充電器塑料模具設(shè)計學生姓名 魏東方 專業(yè)班級 08 機制 4 班 學號 0828190021一、 選題的目的和意義：目的：該設(shè)計是對模具設(shè)計，機械原理，機械工程材料，工程制圖等專業(yè)知識的綜合應用，是理論與實際的結(jié)合。意義：1.通過次題目的設(shè)計，在工藝性分析、工藝方案論證、工藝計算、模具零件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計、編寫技術(shù)文件和查閱文獻方面得到一次綜合的訓練，增強了實際工作的能力。2.在這次設(shè)計中我們將采用機械圖形設(shè)計軟件 AutoCAD 進行繪圖，首先對產(chǎn)品進行可行性分析，然后對產(chǎn)品進行優(yōu)化設(shè)計，通過掌握先進軟件設(shè)計技術(shù)來提高產(chǎn)品設(shè)計成功率，同時縮短產(chǎn)品設(shè)計周期。二、 國內(nèi)外研究綜述：做為高分子材料的塑料，由于原料豐富、制造方便、加工容易、質(zhì)地優(yōu)良、輕巧耐用、用途廣泛和投資效益顯著等種種優(yōu)點，目前在世界上的體積產(chǎn)量已經(jīng)趕上和超過了鋼鐵，成為人類使用的主要材料。隨著信息化的時代的來臨，手機充電器已經(jīng)成為人民日常生活的必須品，而手機充電器的美觀，精巧，耐用等一系列的問題就集中在手機的設(shè)計和制造這個環(huán)節(jié)，這一個環(huán)節(jié)設(shè)計的好壞直接影響著其銷售、使用情況。而手機充電器的模具設(shè)計正好能夠很好的解決這個問題。我國模具行業(yè)近年來發(fā)展很快，據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計，目前模具生產(chǎn)廠點共有 2 萬多家，從業(yè)人員約 50 萬人，全年模具產(chǎn)值約 360 億元，總量供不應求，出口約 2 億美元，進口約 10 億美元。當前，我國模具行業(yè)的發(fā)展具有下特征:大型、精密、復雜、長2壽命中高檔模具及模具標準件發(fā)展速度快于行業(yè)總體發(fā)展水平；塑料模和壓鑄模成比例增長；專業(yè)模具廠家數(shù)量及其生產(chǎn)能力增加較快；“三資”企業(yè)及私營企業(yè)發(fā)展迅速；股份制改造步伐加快等，從地區(qū)分布來看，以珠江三角洲和長江三角洲為中心的東南沿海地區(qū)發(fā)展快于中西部地區(qū),南方的發(fā)展快于北方。目前發(fā)展最快、模具生產(chǎn)最集中的省份是廣東和浙江，其模具產(chǎn)值約占全國總產(chǎn)值的 60%以上。我國模具總量雖然已位居世界第三，但設(shè)計制造水平總體上落后于德、美、日、法、意等發(fā)達國家，模具商品化和標準化程度也低于國際水平，所以我國在模具這個行業(yè)方面還需要大力加強這個學科的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。三、 畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）所用的主要技術(shù)與方法：1、在資料和信息獲取過程中進行了大量的考察和調(diào)研；2、在設(shè)計過程中使用了系統(tǒng)分析設(shè)計、創(chuàng)造性設(shè)計、相似性設(shè)計、動態(tài)設(shè)計、機械可靠性設(shè)計等方法；3、在繪圖過程中運用計算機繪圖；4、在外型設(shè)計中運用了人機工程學方法，以使人機環(huán)系統(tǒng)協(xié)調(diào)，相互適應。四、 主要參考文獻與資料獲得情況：1 曹宏深，趙仲治 . 塑料成型工藝與模具設(shè)計M，北京：機械工業(yè)出版社，19932 屈華昌，伍建國 . 塑料模具設(shè)計M. 北京： 機械工業(yè)出版社，19823 李秦蕊. 塑料模具設(shè)計M. 西安：西北工業(yè)大學出版社，19884 唐志玉. 大型注射模具設(shè)計理論基礎(chǔ)M. 模具工業(yè)，19875 中國機械工業(yè)協(xié)會 . 塑料模具設(shè)計與制造M. 機械工業(yè)出版社，20066 模具實用技術(shù)叢書編委會. 塑料模具設(shè)計制造與應用實例M機械工業(yè)出版社，20023五、 畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）進度安排（按周說明） （共 6 周）第一部分：注塑模設(shè)計相關(guān)資料收集。 （1 周）第二部分：塑件的分析，注塑機的確定。 （0.5 周）第三部分；模具設(shè)計的相關(guān)計算。 （0.5 周）第四部分：模具結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計。 （1 周）第五部分：模具凸凹模零件加工工藝、后置處理及計算機編程。 （2 周）第六部分：評閱及答辯。 （1 周）六、 指導教師審批意見：指導教師： （簽名）年 月 日 外文原文Based on the concept of modern industrial design of the machine tool designAuthor: Keutzer, K. Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci., California Univ., Berkeley, CAProduct Type: Journals & MagazinesABSTRACTAs domestic and foreign machinery industry, intense competition, a higher machine tool design requirements. The introduction of modern industrial design, to improve machine design and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises play an important role. In this paper, numerical control machine tools cases, analysis of the status of the product design, Industrial Design with a modern design to interpretation of machine design. in green design, human design, design and brand building semantic done a focus on analysis and argument.Keywords: modern industrial design; product design; CNC machine tools1. The status of machine tool design, CNC machine tools as an example toWith the Development of electronic information technology, the world has entered the machine to digital manufacturing Technology as the core of the mechanical and electrical integration time, which is representative of one of the products of CNC machine tools. CNC machine tool manufacturing process is an important basis for the master and the national economy. It all sectors of the national economy to provide equipment and tools, with unlimited Economic and social effects of Zoom. At present, Europe, America, Japan and other industrialized countries have completed the process of CNC machine tool industry, and China 80 years from the 20th century started, is still stage of development.1.1 understand the importance of Industrial DesignIndustrial design is a product of the industrial revolution, science and technology, Culture and arts of the emerging interdisciplinary discipline, the core task of product design. Understand the importance of industrial design deficiencies, the most direct form is the product of extensive reflection, the lack of design sense; Color monotone, the lack of the times; use interface confusion and lack of humane care. Chinas machine tool design and manufacturing in the production is completely lost to foreign enterprises do not lack is the awareness of industrial design. on the market, in features, performance, quality and technical level is almost the case, the product shape, color, use the human interface design becomes more and more important, or even directly to the product sales. British Industrial Design Council of British companies 1998-1999 investment in industrial design market returns compared with the year of the industrial design business, with sales up 43% on average; without use of industrial design business, sales increased an average of only 15%, business investment in the early stage of the design, average the Population within 15 months to recover, 90% of the (industrial design) project was a commercial success. This shows that: the significance of design for business are not just a superficial good-looking, easy to use, but a real commercial interests.1.2 The lack of industrial design, CNC machine brand awarenessLack of brand awareness, a common problem is basically all industries, especially SMEs, due to large environmental reasons, SMEs in the process of branding there are many objective reasons, but no matter how kind of situation, the brand is a must In 1992 after the road, Deng Xiaopings southern tour in his speech to encourage Chinese enterprises: We should have our own high-quality products, with Chinas own brand; Otherwise, they will be bullied. CNC machine tool manufacturers, too, the majority of enterprises or lack of awareness. in particular in:1.2.1 lack of corporate strategic industrial design considerations Attention to the majority of enterprises to industrial design products, industrial design is only limited to the simple design, rather than the design into the design - Development - manufacturing, sales promotion - after-sales service which such a system.1.2.2 lack of product design brand consistencyProducts shape the brand consistency is reflected in two aspects: one is the series products. Another refers to the series between the products. They constitute a series of intermediate products. Brand consistency required when the product design should not only Identification of common characteristics, while each product but also some differences between the modeling. that is, to do and different.2.the introduction of modern industrial design and Application of2.1 The introduction of modern designMainly refers to the modern design concept of green design, human design, product semantics of system design and product design. In the design, these corresponding to the main design concepts are embodied in: the environment, should reflect concern for the environment; in human use, should reflect on the persons care; in product semantics, we must reflect the cultural heritage; in brand management level, to pay attention to the inherent quality products, making the design as an effective means of brand marketing. Links to free papers Download Center 3.2 Application of modern designModern design concept in the Design of machine tools are the following aspects.2.2.1 green designModern green design, Technology and Culture from the people caused by environmental and ecological damage reflection. For industrial designs, 3R principle is the core of green design. The so-called 3R is: Reduce, Recycle and Reuse. Green design into account product life cycle in every aspect: from creative concept to product manufacturing, transportation, from the products used by consumers to the final product recall. to ensure that every aspect of minimal impact on the environment.For the machine tool products, green design is reflected in most of the most common about two aspects:1) design for disassemblyDesign for disassembly is the product easy to disassemble and recycle materials and components from the re-use design for maximum profit, is the green one of the main elements of product design. For example, the design of the machine can be used instead of screw connection such as welding and riveting. thread connection is not only easy installation and reliable connection, that with repeated use features. In order to reduce the number of parts, but also an integrated structure with screws instead of regular screws and washers, lock washers and so on. disassembly design principles: one is to reduce the workload of demolition; the second is easy to remove, separate; third is multi-standard parts.2) Design for recyclingDesign for recycling is also one of the main elements of green design is to be considered early in product design, recycling and reuse of its components the possibility that other new products can take advantage of used or waste product components and materials .2.2.2 People-oriented, pay attention to human designHuman design, is to design the people. He is against the functionalist design defects, proposed design should not be the machines capabilities as a starting point, but rather to people as a design starting point. To the people on the use of the product based on the machine services can be a good man. With technological development, social progress, the product of human nature that people are increasingly high requirements, especially those relating to the safety of people using the design - such as the design of machine tools - in this area more demanding.People-oriented, focusing on human nature there are two concepts: First, consistent with human scale; the second is to have a good interface. Meet the human scale, requiring agricultural product design process, can be used provided ergonomics data, the operator of the space, the operating table and so the level of comprehensive consideration. such as the operation of CNC machine tool design space, it is necessary under the dynamic relationship between people in the operation to determine the size of the space is reasonable or not. Second, good interface, can be more convenient to operate, fast, safe and reliable.2.2.3 To take into account the cultural characteristicsProduct Semantics tells us, the product not only has his physical features, but also reflects a certain cultural characteristics. Machine design is like to do the wedding dress the bride, the brides wedding dress up not only the beautiful bride, and the most to reflect the national characteristics and rich cultural connotations. in the pursuit of scientific value of the machine, while the pursuit of artistic and cultural value, and even personality traits into one of the nation. Machine Tools A nation, an industrys image and design level. Machine Tools formed by the two style factors. First, the level of Technology and then the second is inseparable from the then fashionable style. in order to achieve their scientific value, the integration of Art and cultural values, cultural elements of how to use it is particularly important .2.2.4 Product Modeling maintain brand identityProduct design theory tells us that design is no longer a simple modeling activities, but should be incorporated into the design to manufacturing, promotion, use the final product of this great cycle of waste recovery process is a means of brand management. Many companies ignore this. For example, many agricultural products on the market, if torn off the label, you can not determine which manufacturers it is, modeling the lack of uniqueness of the brand, so when the product design should be noted The question is: Can the product reflects the brands characteristic shape. To embody the characteristics of the brand to note two points: that is to focus on elements of the unity of the whole product. that is required in the form of agricultural products, colors, materials, details of the select favorable corporate image recognition; second in a series of unified brand image to maintain. In addition, this is a long-term project, we need sustained efforts.3.ConclusionOver the past 30 years, the Development of machine tool design to take a certain amount of achievements worthy of recognition. Since joining the WTO, Chinas agricultural enterprises will face multiple pressures, the pressure is the most important companies from abroad. A new environment, new design. famous scientist Yang said: 21st century will be the century of industrial design, industrial design, an emphasis on the countries will be the laggards. this is for countries, for the machine design Industry and is also the same reason. References 1 Wu Qiong. Industrial Design - enhance the value of Chinas manufacturing Industry an important way J. Agricultural machinery, 2008, (1) :60-612 who can. The history of industrial design M. Beijing: University Press, 2000.3 Ding Yulan. Human Engineering M. Beijing: University Press, 1991.4 Hu Fei. Design symbols and product semantics M. Beijing: China Building Industry Press, 1991.5 Zhang same. Product design M. Shanghai: Shanghai Peoples Fine Arts Publishing House, 2004.6 Zhang Linghao, Liu Gang. Product image of the visual design M. Nanjing: Southeast University Press, 2005.7 NG limit, Liu Zijian. On the cultural elements used in product design J. Introduction to explore, 2008外文資料翻譯譯文淺談基于現(xiàn)代工業(yè)設(shè)計理念的機床設(shè)計摘 要由于近年機械行業(yè)的激烈競爭,對機床設(shè)計提出了更高的要求?，F(xiàn)代工業(yè)設(shè)計理念的引入,對提高機床設(shè)計和加強企業(yè)的競爭性起著重要的作用。本文以數(shù)控機床為例,分析了該產(chǎn)品設(shè)計的現(xiàn)狀,用現(xiàn)代工業(yè)設(shè)計理念來詮釋機床設(shè)計。在產(chǎn)品綠色設(shè)計、人性化設(shè)計、語意設(shè)計和品牌建設(shè)方面做了重點分析和論證。 關(guān)鍵詞:現(xiàn)代工業(yè)設(shè)計理念; 產(chǎn)品設(shè)計; 數(shù)控機床 1. 機床設(shè)計的現(xiàn)狀,以數(shù)控機床為例隨著電子信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展,世界機床業(yè)已進入了以數(shù)字化制造技術(shù)為核心的機電一體化時代,其中數(shù)控機床就是代表產(chǎn)品之一。數(shù)控機床是制造業(yè)的加工母機和國民經(jīng)濟的重要基礎(chǔ)。它為國民經(jīng)濟各個部門提供裝備和手段,具有無限放大的經(jīng)濟與社會效應。目前,歐、美、日等工業(yè)化國家已先后完成了數(shù)控機床產(chǎn)業(yè)化進程,而中國從 20 世紀 80 年代開始起步,仍處于發(fā)展階段。 1.1 對工業(yè)設(shè)計的重要性認識不足 工業(yè)設(shè)計是工業(yè)革命的產(chǎn)物,是科學技術(shù)和文化藝術(shù)多學科交叉的新興學科,其核心任務(wù)是產(chǎn)品造型設(shè)計。對工業(yè)設(shè)計的重要性認識的不足,最直接的反映就是產(chǎn)品造型粗放,缺少設(shè)計感;色彩單調(diào),缺乏時代性;使用界面混亂,缺乏人文關(guān)懷。中國的機床設(shè)計在生產(chǎn)和制造上完全不輸給國外的企業(yè),缺少的就是工業(yè)設(shè)計的意識。就市場而言,在功能、性能、質(zhì)量、技術(shù)水平差不多的情況下,產(chǎn)品的造型,色彩,使用的界面的人性化設(shè)計就顯得越來越重要,甚至直接決定產(chǎn)品的銷售量。英國工業(yè)設(shè)計委員會1998-1999 年度對英國企業(yè)的工業(yè)設(shè)計投入與市場收益作比較,該年度采用工業(yè)設(shè)計的企業(yè),銷售額平均增長 43%;而未采用工業(yè)設(shè)計的企業(yè),銷售額平均僅增長 15%,企業(yè)對設(shè)計的前期投資,平均在 15 個月內(nèi)即口收回,有 90%的(工業(yè)設(shè)計)項目都獲得了商業(yè)上的成功。這表明:設(shè)計對于企業(yè)的意義不只是產(chǎn)品表面上的好看,好用,而是實實在在的商業(yè)利益。 1.2 數(shù)控機床的工業(yè)設(shè)計缺少品牌意識缺少品牌的意識,基本上是所有行業(yè)的通病,尤其是中小企業(yè),由于大環(huán)境的原因,中小企業(yè)在品牌化的過程中存在著很多客觀的原因,但不管情況怎么樣,品牌化是一個必經(jīng)之路。1992 年,鄧小平在南巡講話中鼓勵中國企業(yè):“我們應該有自己的拳頭產(chǎn)品,擁有中國自己的品牌;否則就要受人欺負” 。數(shù)控機床生產(chǎn)企業(yè)也是一樣,多數(shù)的企業(yè)還是缺乏這方面的意識。具體表現(xiàn)在: 1.2.1 產(chǎn)品的工業(yè)設(shè)計缺乏企業(yè)策略性的考量 重視工業(yè)設(shè)計的多數(shù)企業(yè)把產(chǎn)品的工業(yè)設(shè)計只局限在單純的造型設(shè)計上,而不是把設(shè)計納入“設(shè)計-開發(fā)-生產(chǎn)制造、宣傳銷售-售后服務(wù)”這樣一個系統(tǒng)當中。1.2.2 系列產(chǎn)品造型設(shè)計缺乏品牌連貫性 系列產(chǎn)品造型的品牌連貫性體現(xiàn)在兩個方面:一個是指系列內(nèi)產(chǎn)品。另一個指的是系列間的產(chǎn)品。他們構(gòu)成系列間產(chǎn)品。品牌的連貫性要求在對產(chǎn)品進行造型設(shè)計時既要有共同的識別特征,同時,每個產(chǎn)品之間造型上又要有所差別。即要做到“和而不同” 。2 現(xiàn)代工業(yè)設(shè)計理念的引入與應用2.1 現(xiàn)代設(shè)計理念的引入 現(xiàn)代設(shè)計理念主要指綠色設(shè)計、人性化設(shè)計、產(chǎn)品語意的設(shè)計和產(chǎn)品的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計等。在設(shè)計上,這些主要設(shè)計理念與之相對應分別體現(xiàn)在:在環(huán)境方面,要體現(xiàn)對環(huán)境的關(guān)注;在人使用方面,要體現(xiàn)對人的關(guān)懷;在產(chǎn)品語意方面,要體現(xiàn)當?shù)氐奈幕厣?在品牌經(jīng)營層面,要關(guān)注產(chǎn)品內(nèi)在的品質(zhì),使得設(shè)計成為品牌營銷的有效手段。2.2 現(xiàn)代設(shè)計理念的應用 現(xiàn)代設(shè)計理念在機床產(chǎn)品設(shè)計中的運用主要有以下幾個方面.2.2.1 綠色設(shè)計 綠色設(shè)計源于人們對現(xiàn)代技術(shù)文化所引起的環(huán)境及生態(tài)的破壞的反思。對于工業(yè)設(shè)計來說,3R 原則是綠色設(shè)計的核心。所謂的 3R 是指:Reduce、Recycle 和 Reuse。綠色設(shè)計要求考慮產(chǎn)品在生命周期內(nèi)的每一個環(huán)節(jié):從產(chǎn)品的創(chuàng)意構(gòu)思到制造、運輸,從產(chǎn)品被消費者使用到最后產(chǎn)品的回收。確保每一個環(huán)節(jié)對環(huán)境的影響最小。 對于機床產(chǎn)品來說,綠色設(shè)計最主要最常見的體現(xiàn)在一下兩個方面: 1)可拆卸性設(shè)計 可拆卸性設(shè)計是一種使產(chǎn)品容易拆卸并能從材料回收和零件重新使用中獲得最高利潤的設(shè)計方法,是綠色產(chǎn)品設(shè)計的主要內(nèi)容之一。例如,在機床設(shè)計中可以用螺紋聯(lián)接來代替焊接和鉚接等。螺紋聯(lián)接不僅易于拆裝而且聯(lián)結(jié)可靠,即具有重復使用的特點。為了減少零件數(shù)量,還可使用螺釘集成結(jié)構(gòu)來代替普通螺釘和墊片、防松墊圈等?？刹鹦缎栽O(shè)計原則:一是減少拆卸的工作量;二是易于拆卸、分離;三是多用標準件。 2)可回收性設(shè)計 可回收性設(shè)計也是綠色設(shè)計的主要內(nèi)容之一,就是在產(chǎn)品設(shè)計初期時考慮其零件回收及再利用的可能性,即在其它新產(chǎn)品中可以利用使用過的或廢棄產(chǎn)品中的零部件及材料。 2.2.2 以人為本,注重人性化設(shè)計 人性化設(shè)計,就是要設(shè)計以人為本。他是針對功能主義設(shè)計思想的缺陷,提出設(shè)計不應該以機器的功能為出發(fā)點,而應該把人作為設(shè)計的出發(fā)點。以人對產(chǎn)品的使用為基礎(chǔ),使機器能夠很好的為人服務(wù)。隨著技術(shù)的發(fā)展,社會的進步,人們對產(chǎn)品的人性化要求也越來越高,尤其是一些關(guān)乎人們使用安全的設(shè)計諸如機床產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計在這個方面的要求更高。 以人為本,注重人性化有兩個概念:一是符合人的尺度;二是要有很好的操作界面。符合人的尺度,要求在農(nóng)機產(chǎn)品設(shè)計過程當中,可以運用人機工程學的所提供的數(shù)據(jù),對操作的空間大小,操作臺面的高低等等進行綜合考量。比如設(shè)計數(shù)控機床的操作空間時,就要根據(jù)人在操作時動態(tài)關(guān)系來確定空間的大小合理與否。第二,良好的操作界面,可以使操作起來更加的方便、快捷、安全可靠。 2.2.3 要兼顧文化特色產(chǎn)品語意學告訴我們,產(chǎn)品不僅僅有他的物質(zhì)功能之外,還體現(xiàn)了一定的文化特征。機床的造型設(shè)計猶如給新娘做嫁衣,新娘的嫁衣不僅可以使新娘子漂亮起來,而且最能體現(xiàn)民族特征和深厚的文化內(nèi)涵。在追求機床的科學價值的同時追求藝術(shù)和文化價值,甚至將民族的個性特征融入其中。機床造型體現(xiàn)一個國家、一個行業(yè)的形象和設(shè)計水平。機床造型風格的形成受兩方面因素的影響。一是與當時的科技水平有關(guān),二是離不開當時的時尚風格。要想實現(xiàn)其科學價值與藝術(shù)文化價值的融合,文化元素的如何應用顯得尤為重要。2.2.4 產(chǎn)品造型的品牌特性的維持 產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)設(shè)計理論告訴我們,設(shè)計不再是一個單純的造型活動,而應該把設(shè)計納入到生產(chǎn)制造、宣傳、使用到最后產(chǎn)品廢棄回收這一大的循環(huán)過程當中,是品牌經(jīng)營的一個手段。很多企業(yè)忽視了這一點。比如,很多市場上的農(nóng)機產(chǎn)品,如果撕去上面的標簽,你無法確定它是哪個廠商生產(chǎn)的,造型上缺少品牌的獨特性,因此,在產(chǎn)品造型設(shè)計時要注意的問題是:產(chǎn)品的造型能否體現(xiàn)品牌的特性。要體現(xiàn)品牌的特性要注意兩點:一點是要注重產(chǎn)品整體要素的統(tǒng)一。即是要求農(nóng)機產(chǎn)品在形態(tài)、色彩、材料、細節(jié)方面的選擇要有利于企業(yè)形象的識別;第二點是系列產(chǎn)品品牌形象要保持統(tǒng)一。此外,這還是個長期的工程,需要我們持之以恒的努力.3 結(jié)束語過去的 30 年機床設(shè)計的發(fā)展取了一定的成績,值得肯定。自從加入 WTO 以后,中國的農(nóng)機企業(yè)將面臨多方的壓力,其中最主要的壓力是來自國外的企業(yè)。新的環(huán)境,需要新的設(shè)計理念。著名科學家楊振寧指出:“21 世紀將是工業(yè)設(shè)計的世紀,一個不重視工業(yè)設(shè)計的國家將是落伍者” 。對于國家而言是這樣,對于機床設(shè)計工業(yè)而言也是同樣的道理。