高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 解題策略2 語法填空之給出動(dòng)詞試題歸類課件 新人教版.ppt

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走向高考 · 英語,路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮 吾將上下而求索,人教版(課標(biāo)卷地區(qū)) · 高考總復(fù)習(xí),基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)聚焦,第一部分,解題策略(二) 語法填空之給出動(dòng)詞試題歸類,第一部分,要訣1 首先，判斷要填的動(dòng)詞是謂語動(dòng)詞還是非謂語動(dòng)詞。然后按以下兩點(diǎn)進(jìn)行思考。若句中沒有別的謂語動(dòng)詞，或者雖然已有謂語動(dòng)詞，但需填的動(dòng)詞與之是并列關(guān)系時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是謂語動(dòng)詞；若是謂語動(dòng)詞，就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。 【例句1】His fear of failure ________(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joy. 解析：因主語His fear of failure后沒有別的謂語動(dòng)詞，需填的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為謂語動(dòng)詞；因主語與keep是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用主動(dòng)語態(tài)；由從句謂語動(dòng)詞played可知，要用一般過去時(shí)，故填kept。 答案：kept,【例句2】That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, ________ (close) my book and walked away. 解析：雖然句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞declined，但由and walked可知，所填詞與declined和walked是并列關(guān)系，所以也用一般過去時(shí)closed。 答案：closed,【例句3】In Logan, three people ________(take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. 解析：因主語three people與take是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即三個(gè)人被送進(jìn)醫(yī)院，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；由were treated可知，要用一般過去時(shí)，故填were taken。 答案：were taken,要訣2 若句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞，又不是并列謂語時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是非謂語動(dòng)詞。若是非謂語動(dòng)詞就要確定用-ing形式、-ed形式，還是用不定式形式，確定的方法主要有： (1)作主語或賓語，通常用-ing形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況，用不定式表示具體的情況。 【例句1】．but it is not enough only ________(memorize) rules from a grammar book. 答案：to memorize 解析：因it是形式主語，后面用不定式作真正的主語，故填to memorize。,【例句2】 ________(speak) out your inner feeling won't make you feel ashamed, on the contrary. 解析：句中已有謂語won't make，所以speak應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞；謂語前面應(yīng)為主語，作主語，表示一般情況，要用動(dòng)名詞短語，故填speaking。 答案：Speaking,(2)作目的狀語或者在形容詞后作狀語，一般用不定式。如： 【例句1】 ________(complete) the project as planned, we'll have to work two more hours a day. 解析：因句中已有謂語will have to work，所以complete應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞；因“(為了)按計(jì)劃完成這項(xiàng)工程”是“我們每天不得不額外多工作兩小時(shí)”的目的，作目的狀語，用動(dòng)詞不定式，故填to complete。 答案：To complete,【例句2】Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely ________(succeed)． 解析：因在形容詞likely后作狀語，要用動(dòng)詞不定式，故填to succeed。 答案：to succeed,(3)作伴隨狀語，常用分詞，與邏輯主語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞；是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞。 【例句1】He saw the stone, ________(say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.” 解析：句中已有謂語saw，所給動(dòng)詞與saw不是并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)當(dāng)是非謂語動(dòng)詞；又因He與say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填saying作伴隨狀語。 答案：saying,【例句2】 The headmaster went into the lab, ________ (follow) by the foreign guests. 解析：句中已有謂語went，而follow又不是與之并列的，故為非謂語動(dòng)詞；又因the headmaster與follow是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作伴隨狀語。 答案：followed,【例句3】There will be a meeting, ________(start) later this year to review the film. 解析：因a meeting與start是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，補(bǔ)充說明a meeting，故填starting。 答案：starting,【例句4】Lessons ________(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. 解析：因句中已有謂語can help，所以learn應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞；又因lesson與learn是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用過去分詞短語作定語，故填learned。 答案：learned,特別提醒：有時(shí)給出的動(dòng)詞可能既不是謂語動(dòng)詞也不是非謂語動(dòng)詞，而是要求詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。如： But Jane knew from past experience that her ________(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 解析：括號(hào)中所給詞choose雖然是動(dòng)詞，但在句中作主語，且在形容詞性物主代詞后，應(yīng)當(dāng)填choose的名詞形式choice。 答案：choice,