2019-2020年高考英語總復習知識點精講精析與高考試題預測 Unit 17 Great women 人教版大綱第一冊.doc

《2019-2020年高考英語總復習知識點精講精析與高考試題預測 Unit 17 Great women 人教版大綱第一冊.doc》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關《2019-2020年高考英語總復習知識點精講精析與高考試題預測 Unit 17 Great women 人教版大綱第一冊.doc（8頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

2019-2020年高考英語總復習知識點精講精析與高考試題預測 Unit 17 Great women 人教版大綱第一冊 I．單元知識點全覽 工欲善其事 必先利其器 高考須掌握的詞匯：1．inspiring/inspired 2．a(chǎn)dmiration 3．generosity 4．storm 5．threat 6．regretful 7．valuable 8．Graduate 高考須掌握的短語：1．a(chǎn)round 2．down 3．terms Ⅱ．考點過關 過關斬將 一馬平川 考點詳解 精剖細解 入巿三分 一、重點詞匯 1．inspire vt．鼓舞；激勵；啟示eg： I was inspired to work harder than ever before． 我受激勵后比以往任何時候都更加努力地工作。 相關鏈接：inspired adj．受鼓舞的；有靈感的 inspiring adj．激發(fā)靈感的；鼓舞人心的inspiration n．靈感用法拓展：inspire sth．in sb．(一inspire sb．with sth．)使某人產(chǎn)生某種感情；激發(fā)某人的某種感情 inspire sth．into sb．把某種思想灌輸給某人 案例剖析 旁征博引 舉一反三 考題1 (典型例題)Greatly , the students made up their minds to work harder at English. A. inspiring B. inspired C. having-inspired D. to inspire 考題1點撥；答素為B。主句中的主語與inspire之間是邏輯上的被動關系，故用過去分詞形式。句意為：“學生們受到極大鼓舞，決定曼努力地學習英語?！? 2．mesh adj．卑鄙的；吝嗇的eg：He is very mean with money．他對錢非常吝嗇。 That was a mean trick!那是卑鄙的伎倆! 相關鏈接：mean v．意思是，意味著；意欲，打算eg： The new order will mean working ov’ertime．新訂單意味著加班加點。 l didn't mean to hurt you．我并不想傷害你。 means n．方式，方法meaning n．意義，意思，含義 meaningful adj．有目的的；有意義的用法拓展：mean sth．/doing sth．意味著某事/做某事 mean to do打算做某事be meant to必須；得要 考題2 (典型例題)I _ you earlier but I had no time. A. had meant to see B; meant to see C. had meant seeing D. meant seeing 考題2點撥：答案為A。首先應是mean to do句式表示打算/意欲做某事，所以排除c、D項，再者表示“本來打算早一些去看你”，所以用過去完成時表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的想法。 3．regret n．遺憾；后悔；抱歉yr．為……感到遺憾；后悔eg：I regret spending so much money on a car．我后悔在一輛小汽車上花了這么多錢。 I regret to say I cannot e．很抱歉，我不能來了。 He told me with regret that he COt/ld not e to the party． 他很抱歉地對我說他不能來參加這個聚會了。． 一 用法拓展：regret doing對做過的事遺憾、后悔(已做) regret to do對要做的事遺憾(未做) have no regrets沒有遺憾 I regret(to say)that…我很遺憾……；很抱歉…… It is to be regretted that…使人遺憾的是……；真可惜…… 考題3 (典型例題 分)--You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. --Well, now I regret that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done 考題3點撥：答案為D。regret doing sth．表示“對做過的事情遺憾、后悔”，regret to do表示“對要做的事遺憾”，根據(jù)“你在會議上提出反對意見真是太勇敢了”，說明已做過，所以選D。 4．promise n．&v．承諾，允諾，答應；有……的征兆/可能eg： He promised me a quick answer．他答應我從速答復。 made a promise that if anyone set me free，I Would make him very rich．我許下諾言，如果誰把我釋放了，我會使他很富有。 The dark clouds promise a henvy rain．烏云是下大雨的征兆。 用法拓展：keep/hold one's promise遵守諾言 break one's promise違背諾言 give/make a promise許諾promise sb．sth．答應某人某事 promise(sb．)to do sth．答應(某人)做某事promise(sb．)that從句 考題4(典型例題The heavy snow a harvest new year. A. advises B. suggests C. promises D. permits 考題4點撥：答案為C。advise建議; suggest建議，表明；promise在此句中表示“有……的征兆/可能”，permit許可。句意為：“瑞雪兆豐年?！? 5．value vt．重視；估價；評價n．價值；價格eg： How do you value him as a writer?你如何評價他作為一個作家? I value your frlendship very highly．我非常珍惜你的友誼。 we must reaIize the vaIue of the boo k．我們必須意識到這本書的價值。 用法拓展：good value for money[口](錢)花得值，值得買of no value沒有價值的 put/set little value on/upon對……評價不高；不怎么重視 put/set much/a high value on/upon對……給予高度評價 value oneself on/upon以……自豪；以…夸耀’自己 we never know the value of water tIll the we’lIis dry．[諺]井干方知水可貴。 考題5 ( 典型例題 分 ) You'll find this book of great in help-ing you to go over your lessons. A. price B. cost C. value D. usefulness 考題5點撥:答案為c。of great valHe很有價值。句意為：“你將發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書在幫你復習功課方面很有價值?！? 二、重點短語 6．keep doing sth．繼續(xù)做某事，不斷地做某事eg： The teIephone kept ringing until I answered．電話鈴聲一直響著，直到我去接才停。 用法拓展：keep on doing繼續(xù)做某事(強調(diào)決心和反復性) keep…doing sth．讓……繼續(xù)做某事’keep…ftom doing sth．不使/不讓/阻止……做某事 考題6 (典型例題)His valuable ad- vice kept me making a serious mistake. A. / B. from C. in D. on 考題6點撥:答案為B。his valuable advice表示出他的建議對我有好處，所以用keep sb．from doing“使某人避免做某事”句式。句意為：“他的有價值的建議使我免于犯下嚴重的錯誤?！? 7．die down變?nèi)酰黄较?；消? eg：It took a long time for the exeitement to die down．興奮的情緒很久才平靜下來。 用法拓展：die out滅絕，絕跡die of死于疾病、饑寒、情感等內(nèi)因 die from死于意外事故等外因die away(尤指風、光線、聲音)漸息、漸弱 考題7 (典型例題)The fire is Please get more coal. A. dying down B. died down C. dying away D. died away 考題7點撥：答案為A。die無被動式，可排除B、D項；die down表示變?nèi)?，die'away指風、光線、聲音等漸弱。句意為：“火快滅了，請多加點煤。” 8．e；to terms with甘心忍受(不愉快的處境)；妥協(xié)eg：Mary has e to terms with the fact that she has failed in the exam．瑪麗已接受了她考試失敗這一事實。 用法拓展：bring to terms使就范(即同意某條件) e to terms/mflke terms達成協(xié)議 in no uncertain terms直截了當?shù)?；毫不含糊? in terms of就……而論 od good/bad/friendly terms好/壞/友好的關系 考題8 terms of money they are quite rich, but not of happi-ness. A. On B. For C. To D. In 考題e點撥：答案為D。in terms of…就……而論。句意為：“就錢來說，他們很富有，但論及幸福就不行了。” 三、重點交際用語 9．Theimpression shemakes nleis…她給我留下的印象是……。 這是在口語中表達對某人評價時常用的一句交際用語，活用了make an impression on sb．(給某人留下印象)句型。 考題9 What do you think of her? --The __ she makes on me is that she is very clever. A. idea B. opinion C. impression D. attitude 考題9點撥：答案為C。The impression sb．makes on sb．is…某人給某人留下的印象是……。 四、重點句型 10．sb．is about to do sth．某人正要干某事。 eg： I was about to leave when she called up．她打電話過來的時候我正要離開。 特別提醒．be about to do表示馬上要做，立刻要干某事，不可與時間狀語連用，如考題10 考題10 (典型例題The Smiths leave in two days, so ld like to visit them and say good-bye to them. A. is about to B. are about to C. is to D. are to 考題10點撥：答案為D。the Smiths指史密斯一家人或夫婦兩人，用復數(shù)謂語動詞，可排除A、C項Ibe about to do不與時間狀語連用．be to do表示計劃或安排做某事。 五、詞語辨析 11．be known as，be known for，be known to be known as…作為……而著稱be known for…因為……而聞名 be known to…為……所熟知 eg：Kunming is known to us as“Spring City”for its pleasant climate．昆明作為“春城”因為它宜人的氣候而為我們所熟知。 考題11 (典型例題分)As we all know,F Charlie Chaplin was" known for his silent films than his sound ones. A. much B. well C. more D. better 考題11點撥:答案為D。根據(jù)than his sound ones可斷定構成了比較級，可排除A、B項;well-known的比較級為better-known，最高級為best—known。 Ⅲ．語法歸納 精通規(guī)則 游刃有余 主謂一致 謂語動詞的數(shù)必須和主語的人稱和數(shù)一致,這就叫主謂一致。主謂一致中要注意語法一致，意義一致和就近原則。注意以下情況： 1．兩個作主語用的名詞或代詞由either…or，neither…nor，not only…but(also)連接時，謂語動詞應與后l一個主語的人稱和數(shù)一致。 eg：Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it．學生們和教師都不知道這件事。 Either he or I am wrong．不是他錯就是我錯了。 Not only the students but(also)the teacher is active in sports and games．不但學生，就連老師都積極參加體育運動。 2．兩個并列主語由as well as，with，together with，like，but，except等連接時，謂語動詞由第一個名詞的單復數(shù)決定。 eg：Tom as well as his classmates likes pop music．湯姆和他的同學們一樣喜歡流行音樂。 3．作主語用的集體名詞作為一個整體看待時，謂語動詞可用單數(shù)，若就其中各個成員來考慮，謂語動詞則用復數(shù)。 eg： My family enjoy sports and games．我們?nèi)胰硕枷矚g體育運動。 My family has moved into a new house．我家已搬進了新房子。 4．表示數(shù)目、時間、金額的復數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)。 eg：Two hours is enough for us to finish the experiment．我們做完這項實驗，兩個小時就夠了。 Ten dollars is too cheap for this pair of shoes．這雙鞋10元錢太便宜了。 5．兩個或兩個以上的并列主語由and連接時，如果表示不同概念謂語動詞用復數(shù)，如果表示同一概念謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。 eg： Wu Dong and Wu xi are twin brothers．吳東和吳西是孿生兄弟。 The singer and dancer es from Guangxi．那位歌舞演員來自廣西。(同一人) 6．each，either，neither或由some，any，no，every構成的合成代詞作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 eg：Nobody wants to go there．沒有人愿意去那里。 Each of us has read the book．我們每個人都已經(jīng)看過這本書。 Neither of them is interested in English．他們兩人都對英語不感興趣。 考題1( 典型例題 )--Is there anybody in the classroom? --No, the teacher as well as the students to the playground. A. go B. went C. has gone D. have gone 考題2 (典型例題)Thirty per-cent of the cattle thin, but the rest fat. A. are; are B. is; is C. is; are D. are; is Either of the stories is interesting．這兩個故事中的任何一個都有趣。 Somebody is waiting for you at the gate of the school．有人在學校大門口等你。 7．none作主語時．謂語動詞可用單數(shù)也可用復數(shù)。 eg：None knows(或knoW)a great deal about this experiment．沒有一個人對這項實驗知道得很多。 8．peopk，police。cattle等作主語時謂語動詞用復數(shù)。 eg： The people in the city are very friendly．那個城市的人很友好。 The plice are searching for the murderer．警察正在尋找殺人犯。 The cattle are grazing near the river．牛在河邊吃草。 9．用“every/each/no/many a/a great deal of+單數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)， 而“a great many/a great mumber of等+復數(shù)名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞則用復數(shù)。 eg：Many a student and teacher is watching the football match．許多學生和老師正在觀看足球比賽。 Every man and woman attends the meeting．男的、女的都參加這次會議。 A great deal of our time was spent on this test．我們很多時間花費在這項試驗上。 A great many people have moved into new houses．許多人搬進了新居。 10．有些名詞只有復數(shù)形式．可根據(jù)謂語單復數(shù)來判斷其主語所表示的事物的實際單復數(shù)。eg：The steel WOEks in the country produce more steel than those in that coun—try．這個國家的鋼廠比那個國家的鋼廠生產(chǎn)的鋼要多。 The steel works was butIt in the 1950s．這個鋼廠是20世紀50年代建的。 11． “There be+并列主語”句型中．謂語應就近一致。 eg： There is a pen and two b00ks on the desk．桌子上有一支鋼筆和兩本書。 There are two books and a book on the des k．桌子上有兩本書和一支鋼筆。 12． “the+形容詞/-ed分詞”這一表示一類人的結(jié)構作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。 eg： The injured have been taken to a hosplita1．傷員已被送往醫(yī)院。 The young are required to respect the old．年輕人應該尊敬老年人。 考題1點撥：答案為c。as well as連接并列主語時，由第一個名詞的單復數(shù)確定謂語動詞，可排除A、D項；用完成時強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在狀況的影響。 考題2點撥:答案為A。cattle是個集合名詞，“牛的總稱”，百分之，乙/幾分之幾修飾名詞時，由of后的名詞單復數(shù)來確定謂語動詞因此第一個空應是復數(shù)形式are；the rest作主語，謂語動詞由其指代的內(nèi)客確定，在此指代“其他的?！?，因此第二個空也應是復數(shù)形式are。 IV．專題探究 由點及面 由表及里 專題探究： 專題詳解： 情態(tài)動詞的語法特征有：1．情態(tài)動詞不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情．只表示期待或估計某事的發(fā)生。2．情態(tài)動詞除ought和have外．后面只能接不帶to的不定式。3．情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。4．情態(tài)動詞沒有非謂語形式．即沒有不定式、分詞等形式。 考題 -Shall I book a table for the dinner.? The restaurant won't be full this evening. A. Yes, you may B. No, you mustn't C. No, you don't have to D. ld rather not 考題點撥：答案為c。don't have to=needn't，表示“沒有必要”。根據(jù)后文“餐館今晚不會滿座”可知c為正確答案。 V．考題類型一網(wǎng)打盡 驀然回首 燈火闌珊 回顧1 測試語法 ( 典型例題 分 ) The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. A. was B. were C. had been D. would be 1．A 點撥．with連接并列主語，由前者決定謂語動詞的單復數(shù)。 回顧2 測試考點5 (典型例題l 分)You will find this map of great in helping you to get around the city. A. source B. sense C. favour D. value 2．D 點撥:value價值。A來源，B感覺，c贊成、利益，都與題意不符。 回顧3 測試語法 (典型例題Professor Smith, along with his assistants, on the project day and night to meet the deadline. A. work B. working C. is working D. are working 3．c 點撥:along with連接并列主語，由前者決定謂語動詞的單復數(shù)。 回顧4 測試語法 (典型例題Nowadays, a large numberof women, especially those from the countryside, in the clothing industry. A. is working B. works C. work D. worked 4．c 點撥．a(chǎn) large number of+復數(shù)名詞+復數(shù)謂語動詞。句意為t。如今有好多婦女，尤其是來自農(nóng)村的婦女，在服裝加工廠上班?！? 回顧5 測試語法 ( 典型例題 ) With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth each year. A. is washing away B. is being washed away C. are washing away D. are .being washed away 5．D 點撥 large quantities of可接不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式，用復數(shù)謂語動詞；earth與wash away之間是被動關系，因此D項正確。 Ⅵ．2011年高考題預測 高瞻遠矚 占盡先機 一、考情預測 年考情預測 預測1：表示數(shù)目、時間、距離、金額的復數(shù)名詞作主語 預測根據(jù)：表示數(shù)目、時間、距離、金額的復數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。這是主謂一致中易考查的一個重點，也是考生容易和漢語表達弄混的一個盲點。 命題角度預測：此結(jié)構通常會在單項選擇或短文改錯中出現(xiàn)。eg： Ten dollars too cheap for this pair of tshoes． A．a(chǎn)re B．is C．was D．were 本題的最佳選項是B，ten dollars作為金額作主語，用單數(shù)謂語動詞，且指目前的這雙鞋子，用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)表達通常的狀況。 預測2：what/who/which/all/most等作主語 預測根據(jù)：代詞what/who/which/all/most等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)還是復數(shù)主要由它們所表示的意義決定。 eg： All have seen the film．(所有的人都看過這部電影。) All that glitters is not gold．(閃光的不全是金子。) 這是容易出錯的問題，也是高考考查的重點。 命題角度預測：此要點的考查會在單項選擇或短文改錯中進行?？忌鷦毡匾鶕?jù)語境判斷出這些代詞指代的意義，決定用單數(shù)還是復數(shù)謂語動詞。 預測3：be about to do sth． 預測根據(jù)：be about to do sth．表示“馬上/立刻要干某事”，句式本身就含有時間的概念，無需再加時間狀語?！@一點是許多考生容易忽視的地方，在與其他表將來的句式辨析使用時，容易出錯。這一點也是高考設題的一個熱點。 命題角度預測：此句型的考查會置于單項選擇中進行，考生務必清楚be about to所表達的含義，切不可與時間狀語連用。 預測4：辨析：regret to do，regret doing 預測根據(jù)：regret to do表示“遺憾地干……”，regret doing表示“后悔干了……”。二者的辨析是高考的一個重點和熱點，也是考生容易混淆的一個問題。 命題角度預測：regret to do/regret doing這一要點考查可以在單項選擇、完形填空及短文改錯中出現(xiàn)，考生務必要分清各自表示的意思，根據(jù)所提供的語境作出正確的選擇。特別注意regret doing相當于regret to have done。 預測5：話題預測 本單元的中心話題是“著名(杰出)女性”，話題涉及“婦女獨自南極探險”，“美國電視著名黑人女主持人奧普拉·溫弗麗的故事”等，語言技能和語言知識都圍繞中心話題而設計。高考題中可能會在完形填空、閱讀理解或書面表達中體現(xiàn)此中心話題，形式可以是介紹一位杰出女性的不平凡事跡及精神，也可以要求考生給自己崇拜的偶像寫一封短信，考查考生對人物的描述能力。 二、考題預測 [備考1]測試考點 1 We were by his speech. A. inspired; inspired B. inspiring; inspiring C. inspi.ring； inspired D. inspired; inspiring 1．D 點撥．inspired受鼓舞的；inspiring鼓舞人心的。 [備考2]測試考點 3 I tell you that you have failed in the exam. A. regret to B. regret C. regretted D. regretted to 2．A 點拔：regret to do對要做的事表示遺憾/抱歉。 [備考3]測試考點 5 --What do you think of the coat I boughty；sterday? ——Well，it's good for money． A．price B．charge C．value D．thing 3．c 點撥．good value for money表示“物有所值”。 [備考4]測試考點7 The wind had by dusk． A．died out B．dying out C．died away D．dying away 4．c點撥，句意為：“黃昏時分風停了?！眃ie out滅絕，消失，die away指風、光線、聲音等漸息、漸弱。本句為過去完成時，故選C。 [備考5]測試語法 一Will you go to his birthday party this Saturday evening? 一It ． A．a(chǎn)Il depepd B．a(chǎn)ll depends C．is all depended D．is all depending 5．B 點撥．It aIl depends．這要看情況而定。 [備考6]測試語法 A library with five thousand books to the nation as a gift． A．is offered B．has offered C．a(chǎn)re offered D．have offered 6．A 點撥with連接并列主語，由前者確定謂語動詞，a library 與offer之間是被動關系，放選A。 [備考7]測試語法 Either you or the headmaster the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting． A．is handing out B．a(chǎn)re to hand out C．a(chǎn)re handing out D．is to hand out 7．D點撥either…o r-．．連接并列主語，謂語動詞就近一致．Be to do表示計劃或安排干某事。 [備考8]測試語法 All the employees except the manager to work online at home． A．encourages B．encourage C．is encouraged D．a(chǎn)re encouraged 8．D點撥．except連接并列主語，由前者決定渭語動詞的單復數(shù)；主語與encourage之問是被動關系，故選D。 [備考9]高考新題型：閱讀填空 閱讀短文，在下面表格內(nèi)的橫線上填寫正確信息： The largest and most dangerous animals you might meet in Canada are bears. There are three maintypes: the grizzly bear is the one you may have heard about. This bear is found on the higher" slopes(斜坡)of the Rocky and Selkirk Mountain in British Columia, Alberta and the Yukon. The grizzly is a very big animal and can be up to 275cm tall when standing up- right. To make matters worse, it's a fast animal. The only good thing about the grizzly is that it can't climb trees. But the grizzly bear is unpredictable( 難以預料的) and easily angered, so be warned. The black bear is found in all regions of Cana- da. It's quite a bit smaller than the grizzly. It's active during the day and unfortunately, it can climb trees. The Polar bear is also very large, up to 680kg in weight, and has thick yel- lowish-white fur. It's a kind of protected species and can move quickly on land and can swim along the distances between coasts and ice floes(浮冰). G=Grizzly bear B=Black bear P=Polar bear Bear can-be easily seen． B Bear can easily get angry． (1) Bear can i：limb trees． (2) Bear can move quickly． (3) Bear may have large body． G&P 9．(1)G (2)B(3)G&P