2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 微專題強(qiáng)化練 一 語(yǔ)法必備7 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 微專題強(qiáng)化練 一 語(yǔ)法必備7 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一、單句填空1(xx北京，21改編)_(catch) the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.答案：To catchTo catch在此作目的狀語(yǔ)。句意：為了趕上早航班，我們提前訂了出租車(chē)并且起得很早。2(xx北京，23改編)The park was full of people，_(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.答案：enjoyingenjoying為現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，與people形成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。句意：公園里人山人海，他們?cè)阢逶≈?yáng)光愉快地玩耍。3(xx北京，31改編)If _(accept) for the job, youll be informed soon.答案：acceptedaccept與主語(yǔ)you構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞。句意：如果你被錄用了，我們會(huì)很快通知你。4(xx天津，5改編)_(absorb) in painting，John didnt notice evening approaching.答案：Absorbed動(dòng)詞absorb有“使專心”之意，常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)be absorbed in，所以用過(guò)去分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)。5(xx天津，8改編)_(work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.答案：Having worked該題邏輯主語(yǔ)是Steve，與動(dòng)詞work是主謂關(guān)系，已知謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為managed to finish，“成功完成”，比較動(dòng)作work和已知謂語(yǔ)可知，先工作兩天，才成功完成，因此用可表示發(fā)生在已知謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前的having worked。6(xx陜西，17改編)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on _(thank) all the people who had helped in her career.答案：to thankgo on后接to do或doing作賓語(yǔ)均可以，但是go on doing表示“繼續(xù)干同一件事”，而go on to do則表示“繼續(xù)干另一件事”。由語(yǔ)境可知，Anne Benedict在接受獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)后又繼續(xù)干另一件事，即：感謝幫助過(guò)她的人，故要用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。句意：在獲得奧斯卡最佳女配角獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)之后，Anne Benedict繼續(xù)感謝所有曾經(jīng)在她的職業(yè)生涯中幫助過(guò)她的人。7(xx陜西，18改編)Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother _(take) good care of at home.答案：taken分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是“see賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以是do，doing或者done。若賓語(yǔ)與補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之間為主謂關(guān)系，且強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程，用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，即do；若賓語(yǔ)與補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之間為主謂關(guān)系，且強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，用doing；若賓語(yǔ)與補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。此處his mother與take good care of之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，要用taken作賓補(bǔ)。句意：在非洲醫(yī)療服務(wù)兩年后回來(lái)，李博士看到他的母親在家里被照顧得很好，他很高興。8(xx浙江，18改編)Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it _(perform) live is quite another.答案：being performed由live(現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播)可知“聽(tīng)到音樂(lè)正在被演奏”，故填being performed。9(xx湖南，30改編)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，_(wonder) whether to stay or leave.答案：wondering句意：當(dāng)?shù)陠T看到一張慈祥的臉上擠出一副抱歉的笑容時(shí)，她愣愣地站在了那里，不知是去還是留。此句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是stood，所以wonder在此用ing形式作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。10(xx湖南，34改編)Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students _(talk) over what is bothering them.答案：to talktalk over討論。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知act as a listening ear for fellow students to do sth.中的to do sth.是作students的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。句意：有時(shí)我充當(dāng)一個(gè)傾聽(tīng)者來(lái)傾聽(tīng)我的同學(xué)們討論他們的煩心事。11(xx重慶，11改編)Like ancient sailors，birds can find their way _(use) the sun and the stars.答案：usingusing the sun and the stars在句中作狀語(yǔ)，與邏輯主語(yǔ)birds構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：像古代水手那樣，鳥(niǎo)可以利用太陽(yáng)和恒星來(lái)找到路。12(xx福建，28改編)_(learn) more about Chinese culture，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.答案：To learn由語(yǔ)境可知，此處是動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。句意：為了更多地了解中國(guó)文化，杰克決定把中國(guó)民間音樂(lè)作為選修課。13(xx福建，33改編)In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared，_(bine) the sense of “information” and “atmosphere”答案：bining由語(yǔ)境可知，infosphere與bine之間為主謂關(guān)系，故要用doing作狀語(yǔ)。句意：近幾年，一個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞infosphere出現(xiàn)了，它把“信息”與“氣氛”的含義結(jié)合在一起。14(xx江蘇，24改編)Much time_(spend) sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.答案：spent本句為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。逗號(hào)后為主句，逗號(hào)前為獨(dú)立主格作原因狀語(yǔ)。time與spend是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填spent。句意：因?yàn)榛ㄙM(fèi)很多時(shí)間坐在桌子旁，辦公室職員一般都受健康問(wèn)題的困擾。15(xx課標(biāo)全國(guó)，66)When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough_(cool) the house during the hot day.答案：to cool句意為：當(dāng)新的一天到來(lái)時(shí)，這些墻已經(jīng)釋放完它們的熱量，現(xiàn)在冷得足夠能讓房子在炎熱的白天保持涼爽。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，be adj. enough to do sth.為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“足夠去做某事”。二、單句改錯(cuò)1(xx黑龍江大慶鐵人學(xué)校期中)Even when it es to shake hands, ladies e first.答案：shake改為shaking在when it es to.句型中，to為介詞，所以要用動(dòng)名詞作to的賓語(yǔ)。2(xx河北保定模擬)The express pany will get allthese goods received delivering to the customers today.答案：delivering改為delivered句意為：快遞公司今天將會(huì)把所有這些收到的貨物派送給顧客們。deliver與其邏輯主語(yǔ)these goods之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即these goods為deliver動(dòng)作的承受者，所以應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，此處為“get賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。3(xx遼寧)It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute shes outside.答案：understanding改為understandIts difficult to do sth.意為“做某事是困難的”，其中to為動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)，其后要跟動(dòng)詞原形。故將understanding改為understand。4(xx山西太原聯(lián)考)I, together with my two friends, was eating dinner at a Chinese restaurant, locating in the center of New York.答案：locating改為located句意為：我和我的兩個(gè)朋友一起，正在位于紐約市中心的一家中餐館里用餐。(be) located in.為固定用法，意為“坐落于”。故將locating改為located。5(xx吉林長(zhǎng)春外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校期中)We all enjoyed the precious day greatly, remember the time we spent together.答案：remember改為remembering句意為：我們所有人都很享受這寶貴的一天，記著我們一起度過(guò)的時(shí)光。句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞enjoyed，因此remember應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式；remember與主語(yǔ)we之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。6(xx浙江重點(diǎn)中學(xué)協(xié)作體聯(lián)考)But now we often discuss and try to solve the problems raising by the teachers or ourselves.答案：raising改為raised句意：但現(xiàn)在我們經(jīng)常討論并盡力解決老師或我們自己提出來(lái)的問(wèn)題。根據(jù)by可知，“問(wèn)題”是“被老師或我們自己提出”，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。7(xx江西紅色六校聯(lián)考)The ability express ones idea somehow decides how far one can get along in ones college.答案：express前加to句意為：一個(gè)人表達(dá)思想的能力在一定程度上決定了他在大學(xué)里的發(fā)展。抽象名詞ability等詞后通常用不定式作定語(yǔ)。8(xx黑龍江大慶鐵人中學(xué)月考)The office of the Students Union will contact the choosing candidates for an interview in a few days.答案：choosing改為chosen句意為：幾天后，學(xué)生會(huì)辦公室將聯(lián)系已被選出的候選人來(lái)面試。這里指的是“已被選出的候選人”，表示被動(dòng)和完成，所以用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。9(xx江西上饒六校重點(diǎn)中學(xué)聯(lián)考)Travel to a place I have never been to certainly can broaden my mind.答案：Travel改為T(mén)ravelling 作句子的主語(yǔ)，表示事實(shí)，用動(dòng)名詞。動(dòng)詞原形不能作句子的主語(yǔ)。10(xx浙江臺(tái)州調(diào)研考試)They couldnt help say that their son had grown up.答案：say改為sayingcant help doing“禁不住做某事”，是固定短語(yǔ)。三、語(yǔ)法填空(xx廣東中山一中等七校聯(lián)考改編)When I was young, we lived in what is now a forest preserve. People had the habit of abandoning dogs, _1_ drove my poor mother crazy! We were not rich and already had a dog. _2_(look) out of the window my mother plained to us about the irresponsible and cruel person, who had just thrown a dog. We _3_(tell) to stay away from the dog as we could not afford it. I felt _4_(extreme) upset, and I couldnt believe my mother refused to help the animal. She said, “Here we are not the only one. Let others take care _5_ the creature.” _6_ poor dog lay at the end of the driveway and hardly moved. I was very sad, but dared not say anything to my mother. Later that day I couldnt find my mother in the house. I looked in every room but she was _7_(go). Then I saw my mother _8_(e) home with the dog. We kids ran outside _9_(greet) our new friend. My mother didnt say why she _10_(change) her mind. Its not what you say. Its what you do. 1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._答案：文章大意：作者一家遇到一只被拋棄的狗，開(kāi)始作者的媽媽不想管它，因?yàn)樗麄兗茵B(yǎng)不起。但后來(lái)她還是把那條可憐的狗領(lǐng)回了家，作者也不知道為什么媽媽會(huì)改變主意。1which考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，_drove my poor mother crazy為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，且從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，關(guān)系詞指代前面所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容，故用which。2Looking考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處在句中作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，且與主語(yǔ)my mother之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。3were told考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)we與動(dòng)詞tell之間存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。4extremely考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾形容詞upset應(yīng)使用extreme的副詞形式extremely。5of考查動(dòng)詞搭配。take care of為固定搭配，意為“照顧”。6The考查冠詞。此處特指上文提到的被拋棄的狗，故用定冠詞。7gone考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意為：我找了每一間屋子，但是她不見(jiàn)了。設(shè)空處位于was之后，應(yīng)用形容詞作表語(yǔ)，gone意為“消失的，離去的”，符合語(yǔ)境。8ing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。本句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞saw，且邏輯主語(yǔ)my mother與動(dòng)詞e之間存在著邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，see sb. doing sth.表示“看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事”，故填ing。9to greet考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處不定式表目的。10had changed考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指媽媽在回來(lái)之前改變了主意，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。四、短文改錯(cuò)(xx江西南昌十所重點(diǎn)中學(xué)模擬沖刺)When I was a child, I spent more than ten years learn the violin. Therefore, I couldnt understand “real music ”. After I graduated at high school, a friend of mine suggested that we started to learn the guitar because we all thought it was cool. I will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in a guitar store. There I saw a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed. He became my the first guitar teacher. It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful model. Now the guitar is the most importantly part of my life and I practice it every day.答案：When I was a child, I spent more than ten years the violin. ， I couldnt understand “real music ”. After I graduated high school, a friend of mine suggested that we to learn the guitar because we thought it was cool. I will never forget the day on we went to buy guitars in a guitar store. There I saw a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed. He became my the first guitar teacher. It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful . Now the guitar is the most part of my life and I practice it every day.解析：第一處：learnlearningspend some time(in) doing sth.意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”，為固定搭配。第二處：ThereforeHowever前一句講“我”花費(fèi)十年多的時(shí)間來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)拉小提琴，后一句講我“不能理解真正的音樂(lè)”，前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用However。第三處：atfrom表示“從畢業(yè)”應(yīng)用graduate from。第四處：startedstartsuggest作“建議”講時(shí)，其后賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)為should do，should可以省略，因此應(yīng)將動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式改為原形。第五處：allboth此處講“我”和“我”的一位朋友都認(rèn)為吉他很酷，表示“兩者都”應(yīng)用both。第六處：thatwhich此處先行詞為the day，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)，相當(dāng)于“介詞which”，此處應(yīng)為on which，故將that改為which。第七處：刪除the形容詞性物主代詞my后面不能用定冠詞the。第八處：在choose前加toIt takes/took sb. some time to do sth.為固定句型，意為“做某事需要花費(fèi)某人時(shí)間”，it為形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作真正的主語(yǔ)。第九處：modelmodelsseveral后面接名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。第十處：importantlyimportant修飾名詞part應(yīng)該用形容詞形式important。