2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ) Module 3 知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解 外研版必修1.doc

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2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ) Module 3 知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解 外研版必修1 【詞條1】distance 【點(diǎn)撥】distance 為名詞,意為"間距,距離"。如: The whole distance was much longer than they had expected. What’s the distance between Beijing and Shanghai? 【上層樓】 1. distance作名詞常用于以下短語(yǔ): ①in the distance"在遠(yuǎn)處,在遠(yuǎn)方"。如: On a sunny day we can see the mountain in the distance. ②at / from a distance"離開(kāi)一定的距離,在稍遠(yuǎn)處"。如: You will find the painting more beautiful if you stand at a distance. ③keep sb. at a distance"與某人保持一定的距離；對(duì)某人冷淡"。如: I’m very kind to him, but he always keeps me at a distance. 2. distant adj."遠(yuǎn)的；疏遠(yuǎn)的,遠(yuǎn)親的"。如: The station is four miles distant from our school. 【詞條2】abandoned 【點(diǎn)撥】abandoned為形容詞,意為"被拋棄的,被遺棄的"。如: An abandoned car was found beside the lake. 【上層樓】 1. abandon v."(不顧責(zé)任、義務(wù)等)離棄,拋棄；(不得已而)舍棄,放棄"。如: The baby was abandoned by its mother. They had to abandon their lands and went to another city. 2. abandon作動(dòng)詞常用于abandon sth. (to sb. / sth.)。如: He gave the order to abandon the ship. 3. abandon和give up用法辨析: 都可意為"放棄",但用法有區(qū)別: abandon為正式用語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)徹底放棄。如: The plan was abandoned because we couldn’t afford it. give up為非正式用語(yǔ)。使用較廣泛?？芍阜艞壸瞿呈?也可指由于某種原因舍棄某人。如: You shouldn’t give up until the last moment. 【詞條3】product 【點(diǎn)撥】product為名詞,意為"產(chǎn)品,制品"。如: dairy products 奶制品meat products 肉制品 【上層樓】 1. product還可意為"……的產(chǎn)物或結(jié)果"。如: The child is the product of a broken family. 2. production也是名詞,指"生產(chǎn)"或"產(chǎn)量"。如: This kind of bike has gone out of production. 這種自行車(chē)已經(jīng)停產(chǎn)了。 We have to prevent the production from falling. 我們必須防止產(chǎn)量下滑。 3. produce v."生產(chǎn),制造"。如: This factory produces high-quality clothes. 50 percent of the country’s wheat is produced there. 【詞條4】frighten 【點(diǎn)撥】frighten為動(dòng)詞,意為"使……吃驚,驚嚇"。如: His appearing in the dark room frightened me. She doesn’t frighten easily. 【上層樓】 1. frighten常用于frighten sb. / sth. into (doing) sth."把……嚇得做某事"或frighten sb. / sth away "把……嚇走"。如: I was frightened into giving him 200 yuan. The terrible sound frightened the birds away. 2. frighten有兩個(gè)形容詞形式:frightened"感到害怕的,受驚嚇的",主語(yǔ)一般為人；frightening"令人害怕的,可怕的",主語(yǔ)一般為物。如: The boy was too frightened to go home after breaking the window. It’s frightening to see the big animal for the first time. 經(jīng)典短語(yǔ)透視 【短語(yǔ)1】refer to 【點(diǎn)撥】refer to意為"描述；涉及；指的是"。如: This passage refers to the accident which happened last year. What do these numbers refer to? 【上層樓】 1. refer to也可用于refer to ... as ...,意為"稱(chēng)……為……"。如: He was referred to as "the best student" in the class. 2. 請(qǐng)?jiān)谙铝懈骶渲畜w會(huì)refer to的各種意思: ①You may refer to your notes, if you need. (參考,查閱) ②Her mother never referred to the accident again. (提及,談到) ③California is referred to as the "the Golden State". (將……稱(chēng)為……) 【短語(yǔ)2】get on 【點(diǎn)撥】get on 一般指"登上(火車(chē)、汽車(chē)、飛機(jī)),騎上(自行車(chē)、馬等)等。如: The bus came and we got on. All the passengers are supposed to get on the flight 20 minutes before the leaving time. 【上層樓】 1. get on還可意為"與某人和睦相處"或"(某事的)進(jìn)展"。如: He has learned how to get on with his classmates. How is your experiment getting on? 2. 請(qǐng)?jiān)谙铝懈骶渲畜w會(huì)其他get短語(yǔ)的意思: ①There’s a meeting this afternoon, so I won’t be able to get away until seven.(離開(kāi)) ②I couldn’t get down what he had said because he spoke too fast.(寫(xiě)下,記下) ③When will you get down to doing your homework? (開(kāi)始做某事) ④When will the train get in? (到達(dá)) 【短語(yǔ)3】not...anymore 【點(diǎn)撥】not ... any more意為"不再"。如: Ever since then, such accident hasn’t happened any more. 【上層樓】not ... any more, no more和not ... any longer, no longer用法辨析:not ... any more和no more意思相同,強(qiáng)調(diào)次數(shù)上的"不再",即表示動(dòng)作不再重復(fù)出現(xiàn)；可以和表示瞬間動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞連用。如: The man went out of the room at 11: 00 a.m. and was not seen any more. not ... any longer和no longer意義相同,也意為"不再",但其強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間上的"不再",即表示動(dòng)作不再延續(xù)；經(jīng)常和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用。如: —Will you give this message to Mr. White, please? —Sorry, I can’t. He doesn’t work here any longer. This couple no longer lives here. 【短語(yǔ)4】be short for 【點(diǎn)撥】be short for意為"是……的縮寫(xiě),是……的簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)"。如: Nowadays PC is short for personal puters. 【上層樓】與short有關(guān)的其他常用短語(yǔ)有: in short"簡(jiǎn)言之,總之"。如: In short, it is clear that the wild animals need more protection. be short of"缺乏"。如: Most of us experienced the days when we were short of money. in the short term"在短期內(nèi)"。如: The effect won’t be known in the short term. 熱點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法聚焦 動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞-ed形式是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之一。它在句中起形容詞或副詞的作用,一般表示完成或被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作,在句中可以擔(dān)任表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。本期我們著重介紹一下動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語(yǔ)的情況。 1. 有些動(dòng)詞的-ed形式往往失去了其動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì),轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞,在句子中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)成分。如:Looking at his broken leg, the boy felt sad. A tired man came near from the distance. 2. 動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般位于所修飾的名詞之前,但有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作,也可將它放在所修飾的詞之后。如: I found a pair of broken glasses on the ground. Your newly bought skirt is really beautiful. I have got a radio made in Germany. 3. -ed形式的形容詞和動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞在意義和用法上都有區(qū)別。動(dòng)詞-ed形式作形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)多表示事物的特色、性質(zhì),而過(guò)去分詞修飾名詞時(shí)則反映動(dòng)作的結(jié)果。如: Don’t walk on the frozen lake in winter. It’s dangerous. We can’t enter the locked room as none of us has the key.