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2019年高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)突破 考點(diǎn)精講 第十節(jié) 并列連詞和狀語(yǔ)從句 考點(diǎn)一　并列連詞的用法 1．表遞進(jìn)或順承關(guān)系：and，not only ...but also ...，not ...but ...等。 She not only plays well，but also writes music. 她不僅演奏得很好，而且還會(huì)作曲。 2．表選擇關(guān)系：or，either ...or ...等。 Either you leave this house or Ill call the police. 你要不離開(kāi)這座房子，我就去叫警察來(lái)。 3．表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but，yet等。 Several people were passing but nobody offered to help.有幾個(gè)人擦肩而過(guò)，卻沒(méi)有人提供幫助。 4．表因果關(guān)系：so，for等。 The shops were closed so I didnt get any milk. 商店都關(guān)門(mén)了，因此我沒(méi)買到牛奶。 5．when作并列連詞時(shí)意為“就在這個(gè)時(shí)候”。 We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我們正在開(kāi)會(huì)，這時(shí)有人闖了進(jìn)來(lái)。 6．while作并列連詞時(shí)意為“而，卻”，表示對(duì)比。 Some men were rich, while others are poor. 一些人富有，而其他人貧窮。 考點(diǎn)二　時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 1．when，while和as (1)when從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.我住在那里時(shí)，星期天常到海濱去。 (2)while從句的動(dòng)作與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 Please dont talk so loud while others are working.別人工作時(shí)，請(qǐng)別高聲談話。 (3)as從句的動(dòng)作與主句動(dòng)作交替進(jìn)行或同時(shí)發(fā)生，可翻譯為“隨著；一邊……一邊……”。 He hurried home, looking behind as he went. 他匆忙回家去，一邊走一邊回頭望。 As time went on, its getting warmer and warmer. 隨著時(shí)間的推移，天越來(lái)越暖和了。 2．till和until 在肯定句中主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是延續(xù)性的，而在否定句中主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是非延續(xù)性的；till不可位于句首，而until則可以。 You may stay here till/until the rain stops. 你可以待在這里直到雨停。 I wont see him till/until his anger has cooled down. 等他怒氣消了，我再去看他。 Until you told me, I had no idea of it. 直到你告訴我，我才知道這件事。 3．before和since (1)before本意為“在……之前”，還可引申為“還未……就……，不到……就……；趁……；還沒(méi)來(lái)得及……就……”。常用句型It will be＋一段時(shí)間＋before從句，意為“還要多久才……”。 We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 我們跑了還不到一英里他就累了。 It wont be long before we meet again. 過(guò)不了多久我們就會(huì)再見(jiàn)面了。 (2)since意為“自從……以來(lái)”，主句用完成時(shí)。since引導(dǎo)的從句如果用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，常理解為某一狀態(tài)的終止；若用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則理解為某一動(dòng)作的開(kāi)始。 It is three years since he came to our school. 他來(lái)我們學(xué)校已經(jīng)三年了。 It is three years since he smoked. 他戒煙已經(jīng)三年了。 4．a(chǎn)s soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment/minute/instant，no sooner ...than ...，hardly/scarcely ...when ...等都可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“一……就……”。 The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.這個(gè)男孩一看到他媽媽就放聲大哭。 No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.我們一到車站，火車就離站了。 5．the first time，every/each time，next time等也可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“第一次；每一次；下一次”等。 Every time I was in trouble, he would e to help me.每次我處于困境，他就會(huì)來(lái)幫助我。 考點(diǎn)三　地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句 1．通常由where或wherever引導(dǎo)，可位于主句前或主句后，在句首時(shí)常含有抽象意味。 They offered to go where there were difficulties. 他們表示愿意到艱苦的地方去。 You are free to go wherever you like. 你愿意去哪里就去哪里。 2．注意區(qū)分where引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句 Youd better make a mark where you have any questions.(狀語(yǔ)從句) ＝Y(jié)oud better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.(定語(yǔ)從句) 你最好在有問(wèn)題的地方做一下標(biāo)記。 考點(diǎn)四　條件狀語(yǔ)從句 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：if，unless(如果不；除非)，as/so long as(只要)，suppose/supposing (that)(倘若；如果)，provided/providing (that)(倘若；如果)，on condition that(條件是)等。 Unless he studies hard, he will never pass the examination. 他如果不努力學(xué)習(xí)，就永遠(yuǎn)不能考及格。 We can overe the difficulties as long as we are organized.只要我們組織起來(lái)，我們就能克服困難。 You can use this room provided that you keep it clean and tidy.如果你能保持房間干凈整潔，你就可以用這間房子。 考點(diǎn)五　原因狀語(yǔ)從句 because表示直接因果關(guān)系，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)；as，since，now that指雙方都知道的原因；并列連詞for也可表示原因，但只是對(duì)前面的句子起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用。 Because he was ill, he was absent from the meeting.因?yàn)樗×耍詻](méi)去開(kāi)會(huì)。 Now that everyone is here, lets begin our meeting.既然大家都在這里，我們開(kāi)始開(kāi)會(huì)吧。 考點(diǎn)六　讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 1．引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：although，though，while(盡管，雖然)，even if，whether ...or ...，疑問(wèn)詞＋－ever與no matter＋疑問(wèn)詞等。 While I understand your opinion, I dont agree with you.盡管我明白你的觀點(diǎn)，但我不贊成。 Even if it should rain tomorrow, we will continue our work. 即使明天下雨， 我們也要繼續(xù)工作。 Whatever/No matter what you want to do, please look before you leap. 不管你想做什么事， 請(qǐng)三思而后行。 【點(diǎn)津】　though還可作副詞用于句末，意為“可是，然而”，although則不能。 He said he would e.He didnt though. 他說(shuō)他會(huì)來(lái)，可是他沒(méi)來(lái)。 2．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句需采用部分倒裝，有時(shí)though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句也采用部分倒裝。 Try as he might, he couldnt solve the problem. 盡管他嘗試了， 但還是無(wú)法解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。 Child as he is, he knows a lot of the history of China.(注意child前不用冠詞) 雖然他只是個(gè)孩子， 他懂得許多中國(guó)歷史方面的知識(shí)。 Young though he is, he knows how to deal with such a thing. 他雖然年輕，但懂得如何處理這件事。 考點(diǎn)七　目的、結(jié)果、方式狀語(yǔ)從句 1．引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：so that，in order that，for fear that，in case等。 Please speak up so that the people at the back of the room can hear you. 請(qǐng)大點(diǎn)聲講，讓屋子后面的人也能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)你的聲音。 They flew there in order that they might be in time to attend the opening ceremony. 他們飛往那里以便能及時(shí)參加開(kāi)幕典禮。 2．引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：so that，so...that...，such ...that ...等。 He hadnt studied hard so that he failed in the exam.他平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)不努力，結(jié)果考試不及格。 He told us so interesting a story that we all laughed. ＝He told us such an interesting story that we all laughed.他給我們講了一個(gè)這么有趣的故事，我們都大笑起來(lái)。 3．引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：as(像……一樣)，as if/though等。 You must do the exercise as I tell you. 你必須按照我告訴你的方法做練習(xí)。 (對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書(shū)第267頁(yè)) Ⅰ.用引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞填空 1．Dont turn off the puter before closing all programs，________you could have problems. 2．We were doing our homework ________ the light went out. 3．________ he is in poor health，he works hard. 4．Lucy was so pleased ________ her son won first place in the long jump petition. 5．She passed me by ________________ she had never in her life seen me before. 6．Be careful ________ youll make fewer mistakes. 7．Its not easy to change habits，________ with awareness and self－control, it is possible. 8．________ he es or not，the result will be the same. 9．Medicine should not be kept ________ it is accessible to children. 10．Every day after I went home，________ not tired from homework，I will go out for a walk with my parents. 11．So plicated are the plots of this novel in the first few chapters ________ I couldnt follow them. 12．I keep a warm coat at work ________________ it suddenly turns cold. 13．Dont be afraid of asking your teachers for help ________ it is needed. 14．—Ill join the music club ________________________ Mary is in the club，too. —You mean if Mary joins the club youll do，too. 15．In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send help ________ there，is human suffering. 16．________ frightened you may be，you must remain calm. 17．________________ youve got a chance to go abroad for further study，why not seize it? 18．Youll find it hard to get rid of the drug habit ________ you have it. 19．Disabled ________ they are，the dancers practice hard to make their dreams e time. 20．________ warned of the danger，he still went skating on the thin ice. 【答案】　1.or　2.when　3.While/Although/Though 4．because　5.as if/as though　6.and　7.but　8.Whether 9．where　10.if　11.that　12.in case　13.when　14.on condition that　15.wherever　16.However　17.Now that 18．once/if　19.as　20.Though/Although Ⅱ.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，用句末括號(hào)內(nèi)的英語(yǔ)單詞完成句子 1．你既然表示了決心，就應(yīng)該見(jiàn)之于行動(dòng)。 __________________ your determination，you should act.(express) 2．雖然世界多苦難，但是苦難總是能被戰(zhàn)勝的。 __________________，it is full also of the overing of it.(full) 3．除非是你自己找到的，否則那個(gè)答案就毫無(wú)意義。 The answer is meaningless ________________ for yourself.(discover) 4．時(shí)間一旦失去就再也得不到了。 ________________，you will never get it back.(go) 5．要過(guò)很久我們才能再見(jiàn)到他們。 It will be a long time ________________．(meet) 6．我一看到他，就知道沒(méi)有希望了。 ________________，I knew that there was no hope.(see) 7．專家講得很慢，以便人人聽(tīng)得懂。 The expert spoke slowly ________________．(understand) 8．他們?cè)缭缇统霭l(fā)了，所以沒(méi)誤火車。 They started out early，________________．(miss) 9．萬(wàn)一他在我回來(lái)之前到，請(qǐng)讓他等等我。 ____________，please ask him to wait.(arrive) 10．哪怕是再大的困難我們也能克服。 ________________，we can overe them.(difficulty) 11．既然你已經(jīng)完成了工作，你就應(yīng)該好好休息一下。 You deserve a good rest ________________．(finish) 12．當(dāng)她回頭看的時(shí)候，那個(gè)男人已經(jīng)消失了。 ________________，the man had disappeared.(look) 13．把你的包放在你能夠得到的地方。 Put your bag ________________．(reach) 14．她開(kāi)會(huì)遲到了，因?yàn)樗浟恕? She was late for the meeting ________________________________________________________________________. (forget) 15．不管他說(shuō)什么都不要相信他。 Dont trust him，________________．(say) 16．過(guò)了很久我才睡著。 It was a long time ________________．(get) 17．這個(gè)行李非常重，誰(shuí)也移不動(dòng)它。 The baggage is so heavy ________________．(move) 18．所有的學(xué)生都很努力以便能通過(guò)考試。 All students are working hard ________________________________________________________________________. (pass) 19．只要活著我就努力工作。 ________________，I shall work hard.(live) 20．盡管是個(gè)孩子，但她懂得很多。 ________________，she knows a lot.(as) 【答案】　1.Now that you have expressed　2.Although the world is full of suffering　3.unless you discover it　4.Once time is gone　5.before we meet them again　6.The moment/As soon as/Immediately I saw him　7.in order that everyone could understand　8.so(that) they didnt miss the train　9.In case he arrives before I get back　10.However great the difficulties may be/No matter how great the difficulties may be　11.now that youve finished the work　12.When she looked back　13.where you can reach it　14.because she forgot it　15.no matter what/whatever he says　16.before I got to sleep　17.that nobody can move it　18.in order that/so that they can pass the exam　19.As long as I live　20.Child as she is