2019-2020年初中英語 知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)課件 人教新目標(biāo)版.doc

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2019-2020年初中英語 知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)課件 人教新目標(biāo)版1 名詞 (1) 不規(guī)則名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式要特別記憶： manmen, womanwomen, childchildren, footfeet, toothteeth (2) 單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞： fish, sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese (3) 常用復(fù)數(shù)形的名詞： trousers, shoes, glasses (4) 只有復(fù)數(shù)形的名詞： thanks, clothes (5) 單數(shù)形式但其意為復(fù)數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞： people, police (6) 有生命的名詞所有格形式： 單數(shù)名詞加s， 復(fù)數(shù)名詞加s， 不是以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞加s， 如： childrens room (7) 無生命的名詞所有格用of結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)： 如： the capital of China (8) 表示并列名詞各自所有，在各名詞詞尾加s： 如： Toms and Marys bikes (兩人各自的自行車) (9) 表示并列名詞共同所有，則在后一個(gè)名詞的詞尾加s： 如： Tom and Marys mother (即Tom與Mary是兄妹) (10) 關(guān)于時(shí)間、距離、長(zhǎng)度、重量、價(jià)格的所有格： 如： ten minutes walk, ten miles journey， a boats length， two pounds weight, ten dollars worth (11) 雙重所有格： a friend of my fathers 2 形容詞與副詞 (1) 原級(jí)，比較級(jí)，最高級(jí)詞形變化： 單元音單輔音的單音節(jié)詞 fatfatterfattest thinthinnerthinnest hothotterhottest bigbiggerbiggest 以y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞 easyeasiereasiest heavyheavierheaviest prettyprettierprettiest 2、動(dòng)詞不定式的用法之歸納匯總動(dòng)詞不定式(to do)是初中英語課的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)，也是中考要考查的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。動(dòng)詞不定式屬于非謂語動(dòng)詞的一種形式，很多同學(xué)經(jīng)常把它和謂語動(dòng)詞混在一起，掌握起來有困難。下面我們對(duì)動(dòng)詞不定式的用法做簡(jiǎn)單歸納，幫助同學(xué)們記憶： 一、動(dòng)詞不定式在句子中不能充當(dāng)謂語，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。 二、動(dòng)詞不定式是由“to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成(有時(shí)可以不帶to)。動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式是“not+動(dòng)詞不定式”(not不與助動(dòng)詞連用)。 三、動(dòng)詞不定式短語具有名詞、形容詞和副詞等的功能，可在句中用做多種句子成分。 1、主語：常置于句末，而用it代替其做形式主語。例： To go in for sports helps you stay fit.(book4，L28) It helps you stay fit to go in for sports. It is dangerous to swim in the deep sea on your own. 注：此句式中不定式邏輯上的主語可由for或of引出，邏輯主語由of引出時(shí)，表語的形容詞為kind，nice，good，polite，clever，foolish，right，wrong等表示評(píng)價(jià)的形容詞。 例：Its right of him to refuse the invitation.(him為邏輯主語) 2、表語：Our duty is to protect the enviroment. 3、動(dòng)詞賓語：此種情況可按固定搭配或句式去記。 例：would you like to see my photos? Kevin planned to visit his uncle.(book4，L11) 和plan用法一樣的詞還有：start，want，agree，hope，begin，decide等。 I found it very difficult to get a job.(it為形式賓語) 4、賓語補(bǔ)足語： (1)在多數(shù)復(fù)合賓語及物動(dòng)詞后要帶to。 例：I asked a friend to read it to me.(book4，L2) (2)在表示感覺、致使等意義的動(dòng)詞(see，watch，hear，feel，notice，observe，make，let，have，help等)后不帶to。 例：They heard him sing a pop song in the meeting room. 5、定語：動(dòng)詞不定式做定語放在所修飾的名詞的后面。 例：Vinny is the first disabled person to sail around the world.(book4，L1) 6、形容詞補(bǔ)足語：在表示心理、感情、評(píng)價(jià)等的形容詞后，對(duì)其進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。 例：Weareverygladtomeetyouagain. 7、狀語：表示目的、原因、程度等。 例：They brought in photos of their families for me to look at.(book4，L2) 8、“疑問詞不定式”用法：不定式前可帶what，who，which，where，when，how等疑問詞，這種不定式短語在句中多用做賓語。 例：He didnt tell me where to go. 9、在初中階段還涉及到“不定式被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式(tobe+過去分詞)”。 例：There are twenty more trees to be planted. 英語中省略冠詞的情況一覽(1) 稱呼語之前不加冠詞。 Waiter, bring my bill, please. (2) 家庭稱謂如父母兄弟前不加冠詞，甚至傭人也都不需加冠詞。 Father is out, but Mother is at home. Cook has made mince-pies for Christmas. (3) 三餐名稱前不加冠詞。 e to dinner (breakfast, lunch) with me. (4) 運(yùn)動(dòng)、游戲、顏色、感官的名詞前不加冠詞。 He likes basketball. White is a beautiful color. Do you play bridge? Sight is one of the five senses. (5) 表官職、身份或親屬關(guān)系的名詞當(dāng)補(bǔ)語或作同位語時(shí)不加冠詞。 He was elected president. George , King of England. (6) School; church; hospital等字，指原有的用途時(shí)不加冠詞，若指建筑物本身或場(chǎng)所時(shí)，則要加冠詞。 School begins at eight. （school作抽象名詞用） The school stands on the hill. （school指建筑物） (7) 兩個(gè)相對(duì)的名詞并用時(shí)不加冠詞。 Arm in arm; day by day; man to man; young and old英文中各種數(shù)字表達(dá)的讀法(1) 年號(hào)的讀法： 1979nineteen seventy-nine / nineteen hundred (and) seventy-nine; (2) 電話號(hào)碼；貨幣的讀法： 1023one o two three; 1227one double two (或 two two) seven; (3) 小數(shù)點(diǎn)的讀法： 13.91thirteen decimal (point) nine one; 0.23 = nought demical two three; (4) 算術(shù)式的讀法： 2+3=5 Two plus three is (或equals, is equal to) five. 5-3=2 Five minus three is equal to two. 32=6 Three times two is six. 93=3 Nine divided by three makes three. (5)貨幣的讀法 $4.25four dollars (and) twenty-five (cents); 名詞的相關(guān)形式與表達(dá)在中考單項(xiàng)選擇試題中，除了時(shí)態(tài)，名詞的考查頻率也較高。一般考查以下幾點(diǎn)： 一、 可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞 在可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞上一般出現(xiàn)這樣幾類，（1）分辨是哪一類名詞，并根據(jù)結(jié)論做選擇。（2）可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化。（3）不可數(shù)名詞的量化表達(dá)。所以，考生首先要能夠明確哪些是可數(shù)名詞，哪些是不可數(shù)名詞。其次，還要知道可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)則?？蓴?shù)名詞的變化規(guī)則一般是在單詞后面加-s 或-es，如： 1. desk-desks bed-beds piano-pianos hat-hats bag-bags photo-photos 2. bus-buses box-boxes watch-watches brush-brushes 3. t omato-tomatoes potato-potatoes hero-heroes Negro-Negroes 4. leaf-leaves knife-knives 5. baby-babies family-families 另外，還要記住一些特殊的名詞的變化形式，如： Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen Russian-Russians American-Americans German - Germans child-children foot-feet man-men woman-women tooth-teeth goose - geese deer-deer sheep-sheep 還要掌握不可數(shù)名詞的量化表達(dá)有： a piece of、a bag of、a bottle of、a cup of、a glass of 。 另外，大家應(yīng)注意：?jiǎn)螖?shù)集合名詞作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞“數(shù)的”變化：?jiǎn)螖?shù)集合名詞如class, police, family, school, group, team等。盡管形式上是單數(shù)，意義上都是復(fù)數(shù)，因此，一般要與復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞連用，例如： Class Five have a foreign friend. 五班有一位外國(guó)朋友。（這里的五班指五班的同學(xué)的。） His family are good to me. 他的家人對(duì)我很好。（很顯然，這里的family指家庭成員。） 當(dāng)上述集合名詞著重指“整體”時(shí)， 意義上則是單數(shù)，因此，要與單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞連用。例如： Our school team often plays well in our city. 我們的校隊(duì)經(jīng)常在我們市踢得很好。（這里的team 指整個(gè)隊(duì)，但意義上仍為單數(shù)，故謂語動(dòng)詞用plays. 名詞所有格 名詞所有格有兩種形式：一是加s，一種是用of來表示。一般情況下，指某人的某物用s表示，而指某物的什么用of 短語來表示。另外，要注意凡是以s結(jié)尾的名詞或規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，不能直接加s，而應(yīng)該加- 即可。例如，boys clothes girls dresses。 不過，注意例外情況，例如， the bosss handwriting，其中the bosss 的-s不可省略。因?yàn)樵谟⒄Z中，如果以-s 或-ss 結(jié)尾的名詞不是復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)形式，那么其名詞所有格仍加-s。那么你會(huì)說“瓊斯的小汽車”嗎？對(duì)，Joness car。 下面我們來做一部分習(xí)題。 1. June 1st is _ Day. A. Childs B. Childs C. Childrens D. Childrens 答案：D 2. I need _ paper, Mum. I want to write _ letter to my English teacher. A. any, some B. some, a C. a, some D. some,any 答案：B 3. There are two _ and three _ on the t【初中英語詞組總結(jié)】1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、 look at (感官動(dòng)詞)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比較級(jí) and 比較級(jí)） 表示越來越怎么樣 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）4 agree with sb 贊成某人 5 all kinds of 各種各樣 a kind of 一樣 6 all over the world = the whole world 整個(gè) 世界 7 along with同一道，伴隨 eg : I will go along with you我將和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 學(xué)生同老師們一起種樹 8 As soon as 一怎么樣就怎么樣 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for 求助 向要（直接接想要的東西） 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 詢問某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在歲時(shí) 14 at the beginning of 的起初；的開始 15 at the end of +地點(diǎn)/+時(shí)間 最后；盡頭；末尾 16 at this time of year 在每年的這個(gè)時(shí)候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +從句 感覺/對(duì)什么有信心，自信 18 be + doing 表：1 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 2 將來時(shí) 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原） 能夠 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐懼，害怕 22 be allowed to do 被允許做什么 23 be angry with sb 生某人的氣 24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 為什么而生某人的氣 25 be as原級(jí)as 和什么一樣 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一樣高 26 be ashamed to 27 be away from 遠(yuǎn)離 28 be away from 從離開 29 be bad for 對(duì)什么有害 30 be born 出生于 31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于 32 be careful 當(dāng)心；小心 33 be different from 和什么不一樣 34 be famous for 以著名 35 be friendly to sb 對(duì)某人友好 36 be from = e from 來自 37 be full of 裝滿的 be filled with 充滿 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water 38 be glad+to+do/從句 39 be going to + v(原） 將來時(shí) 40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善長(zhǎng), 善于 41 be good for 對(duì)什么有好處 42 be happy to do 很高興做某事 43 be helpful to sb 對(duì)某人有好處 44 be in good health 身體健康 45 be in trouble 處于困難中 46 be interested in 對(duì)某方面感興趣 47 be late for = e late to 遲到 eg: Be late for class 上課遲到 48 be like 像 eg : Im like my mother 49 be mad at 生某人的氣 50 be made from 由制成(制成以后看不見原材料) 51 be made of 由制成(制成以后還看得見原材料) 52 be not sure 表不確定 53 be on a visit to 參觀 54 be popular with sb 受某人歡迎 55 be quiet 安靜 56 be short for 表*的縮寫 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰 57 be sick in bed 生病在床 58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you 59 be sorry to hear that 60 be sorry to trouble sb 61 be strict in doing sth 嚴(yán)于做某事 62 be strict with sb 對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)格 63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格 64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么 65 be sure 表確定 66 be sure of doing sth 對(duì)做某事有信心 67 be sure of sth 對(duì)做某事有信心 68 be sure that sth 對(duì)做某事有信心 69 be sure to do sth一定會(huì)做某事We are sure to learn English well 我們一定能學(xué)好英語 70 be terrified of + 名/動(dòng)doing 害怕 71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事 72 be the same as 和什么一樣 73 be used to doing sth 習(xí)慣做某事 My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸習(xí)慣早74 be worth doing 值得做什么 75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 叢句 76 because+句子 because of +短語 eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache 77 begin to do = start to do 開始做某事 startwith=beginwith 以什么開始什么 78 betweenand 兩者之間 79 borrow sth from sb 向借 lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借給什么東西 80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同 81 bother 打擾 bother sb to do sth eg : Im sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station 我十分道歉打擾你，但是你能告訴我怎么去車站 82 by the end of 到為止 83 call sb sth eg : We call him old wang 85 catch up with sb 趕上某人 86 chat with sb 和某人閑談 take sb to + 地點(diǎn) 帶某人去某地 87 e in 進(jìn)88 e over to 過來 89 e up with 提出 eg: Can you e up with a good idea 你能想出一個(gè)好辦法嗎？ 90 municate with sb 和某人交流 91 consider + doing 考慮做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 為什么不考慮去瀘州？ 92 dance to 隨著跳舞 93 decide to do sth 決定做某事 94 do a survey of 做某方面的調(diào)查 95 do better in 在方面做得更好 96 do wrong 做錯(cuò) 97 Dont forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事 98 Dont mind +doing /從句 /名詞 不要介意 99 each +名（單）每一個(gè)eg : Each student has many books 每一個(gè)學(xué)生都有一些書 100 end up +doing 101 enjoy +doing喜歡 102 escape from 從逃跑103 expect to do sth 期待做某事 104 fall down 摔下來 fall off 從哪摔下來 105 fall in love with sb /sth 愛上什么 106 far from 離某地遠(yuǎn) 107 find +it +adj +to do 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣 108 find sb/sth +adj 發(fā)現(xiàn)什么怎么樣 eg : I find the book interesting 109 finish 完成+doing（名詞） 110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 適合某人 111 forget to do 沒有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 112 fromto 從某某到某某 eg: From me for her 113 get /have sth down 做完，被（別人）做eg: I have my hair cut 我理了發(fā)(頭發(fā)被剪了） Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 湯母把他的壞牙拔掉了（被牙醫(yī)拔掉了） 114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job 115 get along well with sb = get on well with sb 與某人相處得好 116 get along with sb = get on with sb 與某人相處 117 get ready for = be ready for為什么而準(zhǔn)備118 get sb in to trouble 給某人帶來麻煩120 getfrom 從某處得到某物121 give a talk 做報(bào)告 122 give sth to sb give sb sth 給某人某物 123 go fish 釣魚 go swimming 游泳 124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 繼續(xù)做這件事 125 go out away from遠(yuǎn)離 go out of 從.離開 126 go to school 上學(xué)（用于專業(yè)的）go to the school 去學(xué)校（不一定是上學(xué)） 127 good way to 好方法 128 hate to do 討厭沒做過的事 hate doing 討厭做過的事 129 have a party for sb 舉辦誰的晚會(huì) 130 have a talk 聽報(bào)告 談一談 131 have been doing 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 132 have been to ( 地方）去過某過地方 have gone to （地方） 去了某地還沒回來 133 have fun +doing 玩得高興 134 have sth to do 有什么事要做 135 have to do sth 必須做某事 136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻煩 137 havetime +doing 138 have(時(shí)間)off 放假 139 hear sb +do/doing 聽見某人做某事/正在做某事 140 help a lot 很大用處 141 help sb with sth ones sth 幫助某人某事（某方面） help sb (to) do sth 幫助某人做某事 142 hope to do sth 希望做某事 143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing) 144 how do you like = what do you think of 你對(duì)什么的看法 145 if : 是否wether eg: I dont know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否應(yīng)該去參加晚會(huì) He dont know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我們明天早上是否能準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá) 146 if :如果，假如（全部接一般時(shí)態(tài)）條件語態(tài)從句 eg: Ill go to LuZhou if it doest rain 假如明天不下雨，我就去瀘州 If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他們要改變計(jì)劃，他們會(huì)讓我知道的 Ill go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足夠的錢，我就要去英國(guó) 147 in ones opinion = sb think 某人認(rèn)為 148 in some ways 在某些方面 149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后 150 in the north of 什么在什么的北方 （north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east 東 ） 151 in the sun 在太陽下 152 increase 增加 eg : Theyve increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他們把石油價(jià)增加了3% 153 instead of +（名 ） 代替 eg: Id like an apple instead of a pear 我想要蘋果，而不要梨子 154 introduce sb to sb 介紹某人給某人 introduce oneself 自我介紹 155 invite sb to do sth 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事 156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少時(shí)間 eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook 157 Its +adj +for sb to do sth 對(duì)某人來說做某事怎么樣 158 Its +adj +to do 做某事怎么樣 159 Its +adj for sb 對(duì)于某人來說怎么樣 Its +adj of sb 對(duì)某人來說太怎么樣 160 Its +adj(for sb) to do（對(duì)某人來說） 做某事怎么樣 Its +adj of sb to do sth 對(duì)某人來說做某事太怎么樣 eg : Its nice of you to help me with my English 161 Its a good idea for sb to do sth 對(duì) 來說是個(gè)好主意 162 Its important to sb 對(duì)某人來說很重要 eg: Its important to me 163 Its time to do sth Its time for sth 到了該去做某事的時(shí)間 eg : Its time to have class Its time for class 該去上課了 164 join = take part in 參加 165 just now 剛才 166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介詞短語 讓什么保持什么樣？ 167 keep out 不讓 進(jìn)入 168 keep sb adj 讓保持 keep healthy 保持健康 169 key to +名詞 表示：某物的鑰匙或某題的答案 170 key to anser to key 可以是答題或鑰匙 171 laugh at 取笑 172 learn by oneslfe 自學(xué) 173 learn from sb 向某人學(xué)習(xí) 174 learn to do sth 學(xué)做某事 175 let sb do sth 讓某人做某事 176 Let sb down 讓某人失望 eg ： We shouldnt let our farents down 我們不應(yīng)該讓我們的父母失望 177 live from :離某地遠(yuǎn) 178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地 179 look after = take care of 照顧 照看 180 lose ones way 誰 迷 路 181 make a decision to do sth 決定做某事 182 make friends with sb 和誰成為朋友 eg : I want to make friends with you 183 make it early 把時(shí)間定的早一點(diǎn) 184 make on exhibition of oneself 讓某人出洋相 185 make sb /n +n 使什么成為什么 eg : I made her my step moller I made you my wife 186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人（某物）怎么樣 eg : You must made your bed clean 187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么樣 188 make sb do sth 讓某人做某事 189 make up be made up of (被動(dòng)語態(tài)）由組成 190 makedifference to 191 mind sb to do mind ones doing 介意做什么 192 most +名 most of +代 193 much too +形容詞 194 must be 一定 195 need +名詞 196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事 197 need to do (實(shí)義動(dòng)詞） need do (情態(tài)動(dòng)詞） 198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing 199 no +名詞 200 not anymore = no more 再也不 eg: He didnt cry any more 201 not (形 、副）at all eg: Hes not tall at all she doesnt junp far at all 202 notat all 一點(diǎn)都不 203 noteither 表否定，也不 eg : I dont japanse either I dont have sister, either 我也沒有姐姐 204 notuntil 直到才 205 offer / provide sb with sth 給某人提供206 offer sb sth ( offer sth to sb 提供什么東西給某人 eg : I offer you water (I offer water to you 我給你提供水 207 on ones way to 在誰去那的路上 208 on the one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 209 on the phone = over the phone 用電話交談 210 on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí) in time 及時(shí) 211 one day some day someday 一天，有一天 212 one of +可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 213 one to another 一個(gè)到另一個(gè) 214 over and over agin 一遍又一遍的 eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin 215 part-time job 兼職工作 fall-time job 全職工作 216 pay for 付錢 pay the bill 開錢 ，付錢 217 please +do 218 please help yourself 219 pleased with sb 220 pool into = pore into 221 practice +doing 練習(xí)做某事 222 prefer sth to sth 相對(duì)更喜歡 eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化學(xué)中，我更喜歡物理 prefer sb not to do sth 更愿意 eg: I prefer her not to e 我不喜歡她不來 223 pretend to do sth 裝著去做什么 pretend that 從句 eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard 這兩個(gè)騙子裝著努力工作 224 ratherthan 寧可也不 eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher 我愿肯當(dāng)醫(yī)生，也不當(dāng)老師 225 regardas 把當(dāng)作 I regard you as my friend 我把你當(dāng)作我的朋友 226 remid sb about sth 提醒某人什么事 remid sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 eg : he remids me about cooking (he remids me to cook 他提醒我做飯 227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么 the words that (which) the teacher talke to remind me of my mother 228 return sth to sb 還什么東西給某人 229 say to oneself 對(duì)自己說 230 say to sb 對(duì)某人說 231 sb spend somemoney on sth 花了多少錢在某事上 232 sb spend sometime with sb 花了多少時(shí)間陪誰 233 sb spend sometime(in) doing sth 花了多少時(shí)間做某事 234 sb with sb +is sb and sb +are 235 see sb do 看見某人做過某事 see sb doing 看見某人正在做某事 236 seem to do/be +adj 顯得怎么樣 eg : You seem to be tired You seem to be happy 237 send +sb sth 送給某人某物 238 sendto把什么寄到哪里去？ 239 shock 使震驚 eg : Oh , Its only you ! You give me a shock 啊，是你呀！嚇我一跳 240 show sb sth 向某人展示某物 241 show sb sth = show sth to sb 拿什么東西給某人看 242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物 243 someothers 一些另一些 244 startwith 從開始 beginwith 從開始 245 stay away from 遠(yuǎn)離 eg : Were told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo 當(dāng)我們參觀zoo 時(shí)，我們要遠(yuǎn)離動(dòng)物 246 stop doing 停下正在做的事 247 stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 248 stop sb(from) doing 阻止某人做某事 249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事 250 such +名 這樣 ，這種 251 suit sb 適合某人 252 surprise sb 使某人驚奇 to ones surprise 令某人驚奇 253 take classes 上課 254 take sb to 把某人帶去 eg : I take you to the hospital 255 take walks = take a walk go for a walk 散步 256 talk to 對(duì)誰說 talk with 和誰說 talk of 談到 talk about 談?wù)撽P(guān)于 257 talk with sb 和某人說話 258 teach sb sth 教某人做某事 259 tell sb do sth 告訴某人做某事 261 tell sb sth 告訴某人某事 tell sb that 叢句 tell sb not to do sth 262 tell sb not to do sth 告訴某人做什么 263 tellfrom 區(qū)別264 thank you for +doing 265 the same +名詞(doing)+as 266 the same(名)as as(adj adv)as 相同 267 the way to do sth the way of doing st做某方面 的方法 the way to +地方 去哪的路 e g :Do you know the way to learn English Do you know the way of learning English 268 the way to（地點(diǎn)） 到哪的 270 transalte into 把什么翻譯成什么 eg : Trasalte English into chinese 271 travel with sb和某人去旅游272 try ones best to do sth盡某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well 273 try to do sth 想干什么，但沒成功 try doing sth 想干什么，已經(jīng)做過了 274 try試衣服 have a try 試一下 275 turn down 開小 turn up 開大 276 turn off 關(guān)上 turn on 打開 open 拆開 277 upside down 倒著 278 visit to 參觀某個(gè)地方 279 wait for sb 等某人【比較since和for】Since用來說明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間，for用來說明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度。例如： Ihavelivedhereformorethantwentyyears.我住在這兒二十多年了。 IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.我從出生起就住在這兒了。 注意：并非有for作為時(shí)間狀語的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 Iworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.（我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。） Ihaveworkedhereformanyyears.（現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作。） 注意：用句型轉(zhuǎn)換的方法，很容易排除非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞在有for/since結(jié)構(gòu)的完成時(shí)中的誤用。 1）（對(duì)）TomhasstudiedRussianforthreeyears.=TombegantostudyRussianthreeyearsago,andisstillstudyingitnow. 2）（錯(cuò)）Harryhasgotmarriedforsixyears.=Harrybegantogetmarriedsixyearsago,andisstillgettingmarriednow. 顯然，第二句不對(duì)，它應(yīng)改為Harrygotmarriedsixyearsago.或Harryhasbeenmarriedforsixyears. 【since的四種用法】 1）since+過去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)（如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點(diǎn)、1980,lastmonth,halfpastsix）。例如： Ihavebeenheresince1989.1989起，我一直在這兒。 2）since+一段時(shí)間+ago。例如： Ihavebeenheresincefivemonthsago.我在這兒，已經(jīng)有五個(gè)月了。 3）since+從句。例如： Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleft.你走后，變化可大了。 4）Itis+一段時(shí)間+since從句。例如： Itistwo