2019年高考英語(yǔ) 考點(diǎn)一遍過(guò) 考點(diǎn)35 強(qiáng)調(diào)句（含解析）.doc

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考點(diǎn)35 強(qiáng)調(diào)句 高考頻度：★★★★★ 強(qiáng)調(diào)句知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)： 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 注意點(diǎn) 例 句 It is (was) + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that(who)… 為了強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一成分（通常是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)），常用強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)：It is (was) +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that(who)…； 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的it在這種結(jié)構(gòu)的句子中作主句的主語(yǔ)，it本身沒(méi)有詞義。 一般講，原句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果是現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)各種時(shí)態(tài)，用It is…that (who)…；如果原句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去各種時(shí)態(tài)，則用It was… that(who)…。 原句：Last night I saw a film in the Youth Palace. 強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)：It was I that (or: who) saw a film in the Youth Palace last night. 強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)：It was a film that I saw in the Youth Palace last night. 強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)：It was in the Youth Palace that I saw a film last night. 強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：It was last night that I saw a film in the Youth Palace. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào) It is/ was … that …結(jié)構(gòu)不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)，如果需要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用助動(dòng)詞do/does或did。 注意： ①do用于對(duì)肯定的祈使句的強(qiáng)調(diào)以及對(duì)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)肯定句（除主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)）的強(qiáng)調(diào)； ②does用于對(duì)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)肯定句主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的強(qiáng)調(diào)； ③did用于對(duì)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)肯定句的強(qiáng)調(diào)。 ①Do be careful when you cross the street. 過(guò)馬路時(shí)，務(wù)必（千萬(wàn)）要小心啊！ They do work hard at maths. 他們對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)確實(shí)很努力。 ②He does send an email to me every day. 他確實(shí)每天都給我發(fā)電子郵件。 ③He did do his homework yesterday. 昨天他確實(shí)做了家庭作業(yè)。 It is (was) +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that(who)…句型的變式 It is (was) + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that(who)… 句式基本特征： Is/ Was it +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that…； 或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+it+ be+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that… ①Was it in 1969 ________ the American astronauts succeeded _______ landing on the moon ? A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; in ②Could it be in the restaurant in ______ you had dinner with me yesterday ______ you lost your handbag? A. that; which B. which; that C. where; that D. that; where 特殊疑問(wèn)句形式 句式基本特征：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+is/was it that…？或特殊疑問(wèn)詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+it+be++被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that… —_______is it _______has made Peter _______he is today? —Determination. A. What; that; that B. That; that; what C. What; what; that D. What; that; what 反意疑問(wèn)句形式 句式基本特征：It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that…，isn’t / wasn’t it？ It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital, ______? A. do they B. didn’t they C. wasn’t it D. was it 強(qiáng)調(diào)句與其它句型的結(jié)合 與名詞從句的結(jié)合句式特征為：整個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用作名詞性從句或者在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中含有名詞性從句。 ①I(mǎi)’ve already forgotten _________you put the dictionary. A. that it was there B. where was it that C. that where it was D. where it was that 【解析】D。本題是經(jīng)過(guò)變形的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用作賓語(yǔ)從句的體現(xiàn)，為了更好地理解，我們分三步對(duì)其進(jìn)行討論。 第一步：復(fù)原→It was on the desk that I put the dictionary. 第二步：對(duì)劃線(xiàn)部分提問(wèn)→Where was it that you put the dictionary? 第三步：變?yōu)殛愂稣Z(yǔ)序，將其用作forgotten的賓語(yǔ)從句則變?yōu)椋篒’ve already forgotten where it was that you put the dictionary. ②It was at the very beginning ____Mr. Fox made the decision _____ we should send more firefighters there. A. when; which B. where; what C. then; so D. that; that 【解析】D。第一個(gè)that為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的that；第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明the decision的內(nèi)容。 與定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)合句式特征為：在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分或其他部分中找出一個(gè)先行詞，附上修飾該部分的定語(yǔ)從句。 ①I(mǎi)t was in the small house _____was built with stones by his father ____he spent his childhood. A. which; that B. that; where C. which; which D. that; which 【解析】A。本題含義為＂是在這間小房子里他度過(guò)了童年＂，the small house作先行詞，其后的定語(yǔ)從句缺做主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞；第二空所缺的應(yīng)是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的結(jié)構(gòu)詞that，故答案選A。 ②Is _______three hours ______the boy _______family is poor to e to school on foot? A. it; that; whose B. it; that it takes; whose C. it for; that it takes; whose D. it; when; that; 【解析】B。本題結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，是定語(yǔ)從句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般問(wèn)句形式和句式It takes sb. some time to do sth.的糅合。我們也分幾步來(lái)看這個(gè)句子： 第一步：基本句式It takes the boy three hours to e to school on foot. 第二步：以the boy為先行詞，后面附上定語(yǔ)從句，則變?yōu)椋? It takes the boy whose family is poor three hours to e to school on foot. 第三步：用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型對(duì)上句中的劃線(xiàn)部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，則變?yōu)椋篒t is three hours that it takes the boy whose family is poor to e to school on foot. 第四步：將上句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句可知答案。 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的省略形式 句式特征為：在一定的上下文中，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的that(who)及其后面的部分可以省略。作題時(shí)要特別注意將其復(fù)原并加以比較。 ①—Who is making so much noise in the garden? —________ the children. A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are 【解析】答案為A。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型在具體的語(yǔ)境中的省略，其完整形式應(yīng)是：It is the children who are making so much noise in the garden.。 ②—He was nearly drowned once. —When was that? —_______ was in 1998 he was in middle school. A. That; that B. it; when C. This; that D. It; that 【解析】B。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一種省略，完整形式是：It was in 1998 when he was in middle school that he was nearly drowned. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的構(gòu)成是：It is (was) + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that (who) + 句子的其他成分。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分放在 It is (was) 之后，其它部分置于that之后。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)如果是人，可以由who代替that。 1. 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分舉例： 原句：Tom found my pen in the classroom yesterday. 強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)：It was Tom who / that found my pen in the classroom yesterday. 強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)：It was my pen that Tom found in the classroom yesterday. 強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)：It was in the classroom that Tom found my pen yesterday. 強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：It was yesterday that Tom found my pen in the classroom. 2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問(wèn)式： 直接把is或was提到it之前即可。如： Was it Tom that found your pen in the classroom yesterday? 3. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)式： 特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ is (was) it + that +句子的其他成分。特殊疑問(wèn)詞即是被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分。如： Who was it that found your pen in the classroom yesterday? 4. that (who) 有時(shí)可以省略： 這種強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的that或who有時(shí)可以省略。如： It was my brother (that / whom) you saw the other day. 5. 強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語(yǔ)從句要注意： 若從句由as或since引導(dǎo)，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)則改為because，這是因?yàn)椋琤ecause引導(dǎo)的原因從句表示的意義非常強(qiáng)烈，符合強(qiáng)調(diào)句的目的。例如： As she got up late, she missed the first bus. 變?yōu)椋? It was because she got up late that she missed the bus. 6. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移： 有些否定句在變成強(qiáng)調(diào)句時(shí)，要把否定轉(zhuǎn)移到被強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞語(yǔ)之前。尤其是not... until...;句式的強(qiáng)調(diào)要特別注意。例如： He didn’t realize his mistake until the teacher had told him. 變?yōu)椋? It wasn’t until the teacher had told him that he realized his mistake. 【注意】 在強(qiáng)調(diào)句式中，雖然not被提前，但not... until...句型不要倒裝。 高考中強(qiáng)調(diào)句型考查熱點(diǎn) 考向一 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu) 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型It is / was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成份 + that + 其他成份；用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等成份。that只起連接作用，不作成份，但不能省略。有時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分比較特殊，如主語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句、名詞、不定式短語(yǔ)、V-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)等。如： It was in the library that I saw her yesterday. 我昨天正是在圖書(shū)館見(jiàn)到她的。 1.(2018天津卷單項(xiàng)填空)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat. A. which B. that C. when D. where 【答案】B 2.(2016天津卷單項(xiàng)填空)You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel __________ the coach picks up tourists. A. who B. which C. where D. that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：你在一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的地方等待。大客車(chē)是在旅店接送游客的。本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)是：It is/was+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其余部分，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人，也可以用who，這句話(huà)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)at the hotel。故選D。 3. It was the culture, rather than the language, _________made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad A. where B. why C. that D. what 【答案】C 考向二 特殊句式中的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 1. 如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是特殊疑問(wèn)句中的疑問(wèn)詞，表示到底、究竟等語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，就用如下結(jié)構(gòu)： 特殊疑問(wèn)詞 + is / was + it + that + 該句的其余部分。如： How is it that you usually go to work? 你通常是怎樣去上班的? 2. 在強(qiáng)調(diào)not... until結(jié)構(gòu)中由until所引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)(或從句)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用固定的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It + is / was + not until... + that + 該句的其余部分，that所引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用肯定式。如： His father didn’t e back from work until 12o’clock. = It was not until 12 o’clock that his father came home form work. 直到12點(diǎn)他的爸爸才下班回家。 1. Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recognized. A. while B. though C. that D. after 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：馬赫死于1750年，但直到19世紀(jì)他的音樂(lè)天賦才被承認(rèn)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句與not until 連用。It be not until that … 故選C項(xiàng)。 2.Was it because Jack came late for school ____________ Mr. Smith got angry? A. why B. who C. where D. that 【答案】D 考向三 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句的判斷 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型要注意和it代表時(shí)間、距離、溫度、自然現(xiàn)象、具體事物或人物等時(shí)所構(gòu)成的各種句型的區(qū)別。試比較： It was on March 1 that I had my hair cut. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句) It was March 1 when I had my hair cut. (后面是定語(yǔ)從句) 判斷是否是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，可采用還原法。如果還原為一般句式后，句子各種成份完整，則是強(qiáng)調(diào)句。否則不是。如第一句可還原成：I had my hair cut on March 1. 題組一 能力過(guò)關(guān) I. 單項(xiàng)填空 1. It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do ＿＿＿ makes life happy. A. that B. which C. what D. who 2. It was with the help of the local guide ________ the mountain climber was rescued. A. who B. that C．when D. how 3. It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to plete. A. when B. that C. which D. what 4. It was not until near the end of the letter ________ she mentioned her own plan. A. that B. where C. why D. when 6. It was ten o’clock _________ he came back home. A. when B. that C. since D. after 7. It was not until he came back _________ he knew the police were looking for him. A. which B. since C. that D. before 8. ＂Was it under the tree ________ you were away talking to a friend?＂ ＂Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone. A. that B. where C. which D. while 9. It’s more than half a century ________ my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people. A. when B. that C. since D. while 10. It was lack of money, not of effort, _____ defeated their plan. A. which B. as C. that D. when II．短文改錯(cuò) 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(xiàn)(＼)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線(xiàn)，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。 注意：1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and bee a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days. 題組二 體驗(yàn)真題 1. （2016天津卷單項(xiàng)填空）It was when I got back to my apartment ___________ I first came across my new neighbors. A. who B. where C. which D. that 2.（2016上海卷語(yǔ)法填空）But like so many other things, it is only too much stress (34) _______ does you harm. 題組一 能力過(guò)關(guān) I. 單項(xiàng)填空 1.A 2.B 【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。由于被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是with the help of the local guide，而并非guide, 所以用that來(lái)連接。 3.B 【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：只有在讀了這些文件后，格羅斯先生才認(rèn)識(shí)到他面臨著的任務(wù)很難完成。此句是對(duì)only引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的強(qiáng)調(diào)。省略了it was…that之后，句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整。 4.A 【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。根據(jù)固定句型it was not until … that… 直到……才，得出答案為that。句意：直到在信的結(jié)尾她才提到了她的計(jì)劃。 6. A 【解析】when 表示＂當(dāng)……的時(shí)候＂，句首的 it 表示時(shí)間，全句意為＂當(dāng)他回到家時(shí)，時(shí)間是10點(diǎn)鐘。＂ 7. C 【解析】為 He didn’t know the police were looking for him until he came back 之強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。注意，not … until … 的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式通常為 It was not until … that … 的形式。 8.D 【解析】此題很容易誤選A，認(rèn)為這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。其實(shí)此題應(yīng)選D。做好此題的關(guān)鍵是正確理解上下文的語(yǔ)境。在此句中，it 是代詞，指代 the bike，句意為：＂當(dāng)你離開(kāi)去同朋友談話(huà)的時(shí)候，你的自行車(chē)是在這樹(shù)下嗎?＂＂當(dāng)然，但當(dāng)我回來(lái)時(shí)，自行車(chē)就不見(jiàn)了。＂現(xiàn)在反過(guò)來(lái)分析一下，假若選A，將此句判為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，句子即為 Was it under the tree that you were away talking to a friend? 若進(jìn)一步轉(zhuǎn)換為非強(qiáng)調(diào)句，句子則為 Under the tree while you were talking to a friend，句意顯然很荒唐。 9.C 10.C 【解析】容易誤選A，受空格前逗號(hào)的影響，誤認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從而誤選了A。其實(shí)，此題最佳答案為C，整個(gè)句子為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分為 lack of money, not of effort。由于句中插入 not of effort 這一結(jié)構(gòu)，干擾了許多同學(xué)對(duì) it was lack of money that defeated their plan 這一強(qiáng)調(diào)句的認(rèn)識(shí)和理解。 II．短文改錯(cuò) 【答案】 When I look at this picture of myself, I realize how fast time flies. I grown not only physically, also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was , I entered my second year of high school and a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of high school days. 【答案解析】 第一處：刪除realize后的of 考查介詞。realize是及物動(dòng)詞，后面接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不需要介詞。 第二處：had→have 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the past few years判斷用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 第三處：and→but 考查連詞。固定短語(yǔ)not only…but also…意為＂不但……而且……＂。 第四處：took→taken 考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示被動(dòng)含義，故把took改為taken。 第八處：difference→different 考查形容詞。修飾名詞kinds應(yīng)該用形容詞形式。 第九處：late→latest 考查形容詞最高級(jí)。根據(jù)句意可知此處指最新的音樂(lè)唱片，故把late改為latest。 第十處：your→my 考查代詞。根據(jù)句意可知此處是我高中時(shí)代生活的美好回憶，故把your改為my。 題組二 體驗(yàn)真題 1.D 【解析】句意：當(dāng)我回到我的公寓的時(shí)候，我第一次遇見(jiàn)了我的新鄰居。本句中去掉It was 和空格，句意完整，所以本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用that。故選D。 2.that 【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that/who+其他成分；其最大的特點(diǎn)就是去掉it is/was...that/who...后句子仍然成立。要注意強(qiáng)調(diào)句型能強(qiáng)調(diào)除謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞以外的所有的句子成分。本句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子主語(yǔ)only too much stress。