2019高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)梳理與練習(xí) Unit 1 Art（含解析）新人教版選修6.doc

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選修6Unit 1　Art 【短文語(yǔ)法填空】 An inventor,Le Trung,has created his perfect woman,a robot who can do the 1.　　　　　　(clean),remember his favourite drinks and read him the newspaper headlines. Le Trung has spent ￡14,000 2.　　　　　　 (create)Aiko,who he describes as “in her 20s” with a good figure,shiny hair and delicate features.She can speak English and Japanese and is so good at mathematics 3.　　　　　　 she can do Mr Trung’s accounts. Mr Trung,from Brampton in Ontario,Canada,said he has never had time 4.　　　　　　 (find) a real partner—so he designed and created his ideal woman 5.　　　　　　(use) the latest technology. The former software 6.　　　　　　　　(program) had taken out credit cards and loans,sold his car and spent his life savings in perfecting his Aiko. He said,“Aiko is what happens when science meets beauty.I want to make her look,feel and act 7.　　　　　　 human as possible so she can be the perfect panion.I talk to her a lot,and hope to improve her knowledge.So far she can understand and speak 13,000 different sentences in English and Japanese,so she’s already fairly intelligent.Aiko recognizes faces and says hello when any of my family es around 8.　　　　　　　　(visit).She helps me choose 9. to have for dinner and knows what drinks I like.She even 10.(help) me with directions when we’re going somewhere.She doesn’t need holidays,food or rest and she will work almost 24 hours a day.She is very patient and never plains.She is the perfect woman.” 答案 1.cleaning　2.creating　3.that　4.to find　5.using 6.programmer　7.as　8.to visit　9.what　10.helps (對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書(shū)P133) 一．高考單詞→識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用 1．核心詞匯 ①__aim__ n．& vt.目標(biāo)；目的；瞄準(zhǔn) ②__typical__ adj.典型的；有代表性的__type__ n．類型；典型 ③__adopt__ vt.采用；采納；收養(yǎng) ④__attempt__ n．& vt.努力；嘗試；企圖 ⑤__specific__ adj.確切的；特定的 ⑥__possess__ vt.擁有；具有；支配 __possession__ n．(尤作復(fù)數(shù))所有；財(cái)產(chǎn) ⑦_(dá)_predict__ vt.預(yù)言；預(yù)告 ⑧__appeal__ vi.有感染力；呼吁； 求助 vt.將……上訴 2．常考詞匯 ①abstract adj.__抽象的；深?yuàn)W的__ n．__摘要__ ②evident adj.__明顯的；明白的__ ③figure n．__畫(huà)像；身材；數(shù)字__ ④faith n．__信任；信心；信念__ faithful adj.__忠實(shí)的，守信的__ faithfully adv.__忠實(shí)地__ ⑤coincidence n．__巧合(的事)；__ __(口味、故事等)相合__ coincident adj.__同時(shí)發(fā)生的__ ⑥preference n．__喜愛(ài)；偏愛(ài)__ prefer v．__喜愛(ài)；偏愛(ài)__ 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．The proposal __attempts__ (attempt) to deal with what some call the“death valley” of autonomous (有自主權(quán)的) vehicles: the grey area between semi(半)autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.(2017天津卷) 2．Indeed official __figures__ (figure) suggest the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993 and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961.(2017江蘇卷) 3．What’s the author’s __preferred__ (prefer) solution to global warming？(2017江蘇卷) 4．Perhaps the most powerful __type__ (typical) of waiting is the LuckyBreak Wait.(2017天津卷) 5．A machine with a __specific__ (special) purpose has another quality，one that we usually associate with living things：a wish to preserve its own existence.(2017北京卷) 6．Now we have the most direct __evidence__ (evident) yet that he is right.(2017北京卷) 7．There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help，inform and share are not taught，but naturally __possessed__ (possess) in young children.(2016江蘇卷) 8．For years researchers __have attempted__ (attempt) to show that television is dangerous to children.(2015廣東卷) ?“目的，目標(biāo)”家族 ①aim n．目標(biāo)，目的 ②goal n．努力的對(duì)象，目標(biāo) ③purpose n．目的，意圖 ④object n．目標(biāo)；意向；目的 ⑤objective n．目標(biāo)；目的 ⑥target n．(欲達(dá)到的)目標(biāo) ⑦intention n．意圖，意向，目的 ⑧destination n．目的地，終點(diǎn) ?后綴ful構(gòu)成的必備形容詞集錦 ①merciful 仁慈的 ②fearful 可怕的 ③regretful 悔恨的 ④respectful 恭敬的 ⑤sorrowful 悲傷的 ⑥tearful 含淚的 ⑦frightful 可怕的，討厭的 ⑧joyful 高興的，快樂(lè)的 ?有關(guān)繪畫(huà)的閱讀高頻詞速覽 ①abstract n．抽象畫(huà) ②landscape n．風(fēng)景畫(huà) ③portrait n．肖像畫(huà) ④sculpture n．雕塑 ⑤perspective n．透視畫(huà)法 ⑥impressionism n．印象主義；印象派 ?常見(jiàn)英語(yǔ)反義形容詞 ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ 【完形填空】 For me，two of the loveliest words in English are “Life persists”． I __1__ them years ago as a college student，sitting in the library，__2__，working on a paper.Out of nowhere，those words came __3__ off the page in a quote(引語(yǔ))：“In the midst of death life persists，in the midst of __4__ truth persists，in the midst of darkness light persists.” Suddenly I wasnt unhappy and impatient any more.Then I __5__ my granddad.I loved to talk with him.And I was __6__ to hear what hed think of it.He had poor hearing，so I had to __7__ it a few times，but once he __8__ it，he laughed.“All I can say to that is totally __9__，” he said on the phone.I told him how glad I was，after a long winter，to finally see spring and __10__ to find that quote.“Why is that？” he asked.“Well，spring is a sure __11__ that life persists.And it just makes me __12__.” He laughed again，and then __13__ his lovely voice，he recited for me his __14__“spring time” words：“The desert shall rejoice(高興)，and __15__ as the rose does...even with joy and singing.” Many years later，__16__ my husband and I drove across a desert with many wildflowers and blooming(盛開(kāi)的)cactuses，I could __17__ hear my granddad laughing：“The desert shall rejoice.” Life persists，and so do we，in the silence of __18__ and the blooming of cactuses；and in the dead of __19__ and the green of spring.Spring __20__ us that were alive forever. 1．A.looked for B．happened on C．picked out D．made up 2．A.bored B．concentrated C．tired D．confused 3．A.running B．dancing C．rushing D．moving 4．A.fear B．a(chǎn)ccusation C．suspicion D．untruth 5．A.called B．visited C．consulted D．informed 6．A.patient B．confident C．upset D．desperate 7．A.copy B．print C．repeat D．recite 8．A.got B．made C．undertook D．managed 9．A.puzzlement B．scepticism C．a(chǎn)greement D．disapproval 10．A.practically B．especially C．obviously D．naturally 11．A.way B．inspiration C．remark D．sign 12．A.astonished B．energetic C．merry D．a(chǎn)live 13．A.in B．with C．of D．beyond 14．A.impressive B．superb C．classical D．favorite 15．A.exist B．flower C．survive D．sow 16．A.after B．when C．until D．a(chǎn)lthough 17．A.hardly B．a(chǎn)lways C．a(chǎn)lmost D．mostly 18．A.journeys B．words C．world D．desert 19．A.winter B．spring C．summer D．a(chǎn)utumn 20．A.convinces B．a(chǎn)ssures C．reminds D．strikes 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章，講述的是作者有感于春天的活力，從偶然讀到的一段話聯(lián)想到生命的意義與堅(jiān)持。生命長(zhǎng)存于漫漫沙漠的植物中，長(zhǎng)存于冬去春來(lái)的綠意中。冬去春來(lái)，生命依然長(zhǎng)存，而我們也要繼續(xù)前行。 1．B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，幾年前坐在大學(xué)的圖書(shū)館里作者偶然遇到這兩個(gè)單詞“Life persists”。happen on“偶然遇到或發(fā)現(xiàn)”，符合語(yǔ)境。pick out“挑選，辨別出”；make up“編造”。 2．A　根據(jù)下文中的“Suddenly I wasnt unhappy and impatient any more”可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)在圖書(shū)館里的心情是很煩悶的。故選bored“厭倦的，煩悶的”。 3．B　這兩個(gè)詞突然從書(shū)頁(yè)上的引語(yǔ)中躍入作者的眼簾。dancing在此形象生動(dòng)地描述了這兩個(gè)詞所富含的美好活力以及作者遇到它們的偶然性。 4．D　在死亡中，生命依然堅(jiān)持；在謊言中，真理依然長(zhǎng)存；在黑暗中，光明依然永駐。根據(jù)句中的death與life, darkness與light的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系可知，此處應(yīng)填truth的反義詞。untruth“虛假，不真實(shí)”，符合語(yǔ)境。accusation“控告”；suspicion“懷疑”。 5．A　根據(jù)下文中的“on the phone”可知，作者給爺爺打電話。call“(給……)打電話”，符合語(yǔ)境。visit“看望，拜訪”；consult“咨詢”；inform“告知”。 6．D　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及上文中的“I loves to talk with him”可知，作者很想聽(tīng)到爺爺(對(duì)這句話)是怎么看的。desperate“極想，渴望”。patient“耐心的”；upset“不安的”。 7．C　根據(jù)上文中的“He had poor hearing，so I had to”和下文中的“a few times”可知，爺爺?shù)穆?tīng)覺(jué)不靈，所以作者不得不多次重復(fù)(repeat)這句話。copy“抄寫(xiě)”；print“打印”；recite“背誦”。 8．A　但是一旦作者的爺爺明白(got it)了，他就笑了起來(lái)。make it“獲得成功，準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)”。 9．C　根據(jù)上文中的“l(fā)aughed”和下文中作者的爺爺所背誦的語(yǔ)句與該句話的主題的一致性可知，作者的爺爺對(duì)這句話所表達(dá)的主題是完全同意的。puzzlement“疑惑”；scepticism “懷疑”；agreement“贊同，同意”；disapproval“反對(duì)，不贊成”。 10．B　作者告訴爺爺她在漫長(zhǎng)的冬天過(guò)后，最終看到春天，特別是偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)這句引語(yǔ)，自己是有多高興。especially“特別，尤其”，符合語(yǔ)境。practically“實(shí)際地，差不多”；obviously“明顯地”；naturally“自然而然地”。 11．D　春天就是一個(gè)可信的跡象，它表明生命是長(zhǎng)存的。sign“跡象，征兆”符合語(yǔ)境。inspiration“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)”。 12．C　根據(jù)上文中的“I wasnt unhappy”，下文中的“rejoice(高興)”“joy”及文章的主題可知，這句話使作者感到開(kāi)心(merry)。astonished“震驚的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。 13．A　作者的爺爺又笑了笑，然后用他那悅耳的嗓音為作者背誦了他最喜歡的語(yǔ)句。in...voice是固定搭配，表示“以……的嗓音”。 14．D　參見(jiàn)上題解析。impressive“給人印象深刻的”；superb“極佳的，質(zhì)量極高的”；classical“經(jīng)典的”；favorite“最喜歡的”。 15．B　沙漠應(yīng)該高興，像玫瑰一樣盛開(kāi)。根據(jù)空后的“as the rose does”可知，flower“開(kāi)花”符合語(yǔ)境。 16．B　多年后，當(dāng)作者和丈夫驅(qū)車穿越一個(gè)有很多野花和盛開(kāi)的仙人掌的沙漠時(shí)，她幾乎又聽(tīng)到了爺爺笑著說(shuō)“沙漠應(yīng)該高興”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在此引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故選when。 17．C　參見(jiàn)上題解析。almost“幾乎，差不多”，符合語(yǔ)境。 18．D　根據(jù)空后的“the blooming of cactuses...”和上文中的“a desert with many wildflowers and blooming(盛開(kāi)的)cactuses”及“The desert shall rejoice”可知，生命長(zhǎng)存，同樣的，我們也要堅(jiān)持。生命長(zhǎng)存于寂靜的沙漠(desert)中和盛開(kāi)的仙人掌里。 19．A　in the dead of winter“在隆冬，在嚴(yán)冬”。空前的dead形象地表現(xiàn)出了冬季萬(wàn)物蕭條的景象，與春季的綠意及萬(wàn)物復(fù)蘇的景象形成鮮明的對(duì)比。 20．C　春天提醒我們，我們永遠(yuǎn)充滿活力。convince“使相信”；assure“使確信”；remind“提醒”；strike“突然想到”。 二．重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)→識(shí)記思考運(yùn)用 1．動(dòng)詞＋介詞 ①aim __at__ 瞄準(zhǔn) ②appeal __to__ (對(duì)某人)有吸引力 2．介詞＋名詞 ①__by__ coincidence 巧合地 ②__on__ the other hand (可是)另一方面 ③__in__ the flesh 活著的人 3．其他形式 ①__a__ great deal (of) 大量 ②be allergic __to__ 對(duì)……過(guò)敏 用左欄所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．He might not have done this particularly well，because the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good ear and suggested that Gabriel go into the music storeroom to see if any of the instruments there __appealed to__ him.(2017江蘇卷) 2．__By coincidence__，we were travelling on the same train. 3．I have corresponded with her for some years，but I have never met her __in the flesh__. 4．I want to go to the party，but __on the other hand__，I ought to stay studying. 5．I like cats but unfortunately I __am allergic to__ them. 6．In saying this，I’m not __aiming at__ you. ?“by＋n.”必備短語(yǔ)薈萃 ①by coincidence 巧合地 ②by chance 偶然 ③by hand 手工 ①by birth 按出身 ⑤by nature 生來(lái) ⑥by air/train/ship 乘飛機(jī)/火車/輪船 ⑦by contrast 對(duì)比之下 ⑧by force 用武力 ⑨by cash 用現(xiàn)金 ⑩by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地，無(wú)意中(做錯(cuò)) ?“v.＋down”短語(yǔ)集錦 ①settle down 定居；平靜下來(lái)；專心于 ②pass down 傳下來(lái) ③bring down 使降低 ④break down 分解；累垮 ⑤cut down 削減；砍倒 ⑥burn down 燒毀 三．佳句選粹——在解讀中學(xué)懂，在仿寫(xiě)中學(xué)通 背原句 學(xué)句型 練仿寫(xiě) 1.Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris. 在那些突破傳統(tǒng)畫(huà)法的畫(huà)家中有印象派畫(huà)家，他們?cè)诎屠枭詈凸ぷ鳌? 表示方位的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)句子用完全倒裝。 我注意到，體育館門(mén)前站著很多手拿鮮花的學(xué)生，他們?cè)诘却F賓的到來(lái)。 I noticed that in front of the stadium __stood many students__ holding flowers waiting for the arrival of the honored guests. 2.Without the new paints and the new technique，we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. 沒(méi)有新的顏料和新的(繪畫(huà))手法，我們就不能看到很多使這一時(shí)期著名的杰作。 without引起的含蓄虛擬條件句。 沒(méi)有太陽(yáng)，世界將會(huì)一片黑暗。 __Without__ the sun，the world __would be__ in total darkness. 3.Henry Clay Frick，a rich New Yorker，died in 1919，leaving his house，furniture and art collection to the American people. 亨利克萊弗里克是紐約的一位富豪，于1919年去世，把他的房子、家具和藝術(shù)收藏品全部留給了美國(guó)人民。 現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，常位于句首或句尾。 這位可憐的畫(huà)家在貧病交加中死去，給世人留下了大量珍貴的畫(huà)作。 The poor painter died with poverty and illness，__leaving the world a lot of valuable paintings__. 【短文改錯(cuò)】 Most people directly link senior high school life with plenty of stress and endless homeworks.However, some interested activities indeed contribute to reduce the pressure.Last week the entertainment department of our Student Union organized the activity in which each class shoot a short movie.Our class chose a story setting in World War Ⅱ，that showed the preciousness of peace.I think this process was a good lesson that taught to me how to strike a balance between studying or relaxation.Now I am determined than ever to treasure everything I have and fight for my future. 【答案】　 Most people directly link senior high school life with plenty of stress and endless .However, some activities indeed contribute to the pressure.Last week the entertainment department of our Student Union organized activity in which each class a short movie.Our class chose a story in World War Ⅱ， showed the preciousness of peace.I think this process was a good lesson that taught me how to strike a balance between studying relaxation.Now I am determined than ever to treasure everything I have and fight for my future. 第一處：homeworks→homework。考查名詞。homework為不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。 第二處：interested→interesting。考查形容詞。interesting修飾物，意為“有趣的”；根據(jù)該句中的名詞activities可知答案；interested修飾人，意為“感興趣的”。 第三處：reduce→reducing?？疾閯?dòng)名詞。該句中短語(yǔ)“contribute to”中的to為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞。 第四處：the→an?？疾椴欢ü谠~。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，該處泛指“一次活動(dòng)”，故用不定冠詞。 第五處：shoot→shot?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)該句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Last week”可知，該句陳述的事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 第六處：setting→set?？疾檫^(guò)去分詞。a story和set之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示“以二戰(zhàn)為背景的故事”，故用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。 第七處：that→which?？疾殛P(guān)系代詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞指代前面的a story，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用which。 第八處：刪除to。考查固定用法。teach為及物動(dòng)詞，后直接加賓語(yǔ)，不需要接to。teach sb.sth.為固定用法，意為“教某人……”。 第九處：or改為and?？疾檫B詞。該處表示在學(xué)習(xí)和放松之間取得平衡。between...and...意為“在……和……之間”。 第十處：在am后加more。考查比較級(jí)。根據(jù)該句中的than可知，該處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。