2019版高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)選題 Unit 1 Cultural relics（含解析）新人教版必修2.doc

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Cultural relics 一、閱讀理解 A visit to Australia would not be plete without taking the chance to see some of these animals in their natural environment. Frilled Lizard The Frilled Lizard is found in the eastern and northern parts of Australia, living within the bush. The Frilled Lizards frill normally hangs around its neck, and is made out of a flap of skin. When threatened the Frilled Lizard will raise its frill making it seen more dangerous. Bandicoot There are several species of Bandicoot around Australia, and although occasionally they can be seen during the day, they are generally nocturnal. Bandicoots are small creatures only about the size of a rat and eat small insects and plants. Several of the Bandicoots around Australia include the Eastern Barred Bandicoot, which is now rare around Australia and the Southern Brown Bandicoot found in eastern and western parts of Australia. Koala Koalas are small bear­like creatures that live along the east coast of Australia, with their habitat amongst(在……之中) the famous Eucalyptus trees. However, koalas only like to eat a small percentage of the Eucalyptus trees found aroundAustralia. Koalas have hard black noses, with sharp claws and a thick furry coat and can grow to a weight of about 10kg. Most of their time is spent asleep in the trees, which is the best place to see a koala. Dingo Dingoes are found in various areas across Australia, and unlike domestic dogs they do not bark. Instead,the Dingo makes a howling sound that is very particular. Dingoes generally eat mice, rabbits and rats, although sometimes they can also attack livestock when hungry. 1.When in danger the Frilled Lizard will raise its frill to ________. A.look more beautiful B.make itself fortable C.frighten its enemy D.attract the opposite sex 2.What does the underlined word “nocturnal” mean in the passage? A.Dangerous when attacked. B.Active at night. C.Small in size. D.Gentle in the daytime. 3.According to the passage, which animal likes resting in the tree? A.Frilled Lizard. B.Dingo. C.Bandicoot. D.Koala. 參考答案： 1.C; 2.B; 3.D 解析： 1.[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文對(duì)Frilled Lizard 的描述“When threatened the Frilled Lizard will raise its frill making it seen more dangerous.”可知,當(dāng)Frilled Lizard遇到危險(xiǎn)的時(shí)候會(huì)raise its frill其目的是為了嚇唬來(lái)犯的動(dòng)物。] 2.[詞義理解題。根據(jù)原文對(duì)Bandicoot的描述“…and although occasionally they can be seen during the day, they are generally nocturnal.”可知,盡管偶爾在白天可以看到它們,由此推斷出它們主要還是通常在夜晚活動(dòng),因此可知?jiǎng)澗€單詞的意思與B項(xiàng)的解釋最接近。] 3.[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“Most of their time is spent asleep in the trees, which is the best place to see a koala.”可知Koala通常在樹上睡覺。] 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．(2017北京高考)The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. 答案：that　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是the little problems，且從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，故用that。 2．(2017天津高考)My eldest son, ________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. 答案：whose　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處缺少非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，且與其后名詞存在所屬關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用whose。 3．Mr Reed ________ (select) to represent us in the meeting has been sent to have a talk with them. 答案：selected　由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作后置定語(yǔ)。select與其所修飾的Mr Reed之間為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此填selected。 4．It was clearly ________(evidence) that the pany was in great difficulties. 答案：evident　It is/was evident that ... 是常用句型，意為“很明顯……”。 5．Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how ________(survive) without friends in life. 答案：to survive　“疑問(wèn)詞＋動(dòng)詞不定式”在本句中作表語(yǔ)，how to survive “怎么生存”。 6．I dont really fancy ________ (do) business with him. 答案：doing　fancy doing ... “想要做……”。 7．He was severely criticized and ________ (remove) from his post. 答案：removed　remove sb. from his post “開除某人”，此處是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，因此填removed。 8．It is said that the early European playing cards ________ (design) for entertainment and education. 答案：were designed　be designed for “為……而設(shè)計(jì)”。 9．We ________(face) the difficulty together, but why didnt you tell me? 答案：could have faced　由后一分句可知，前一分句謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用could have done結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“過(guò)去我們本來(lái)可以共同面對(duì)困難”。 10．All the workers ________(belong) to the factory must obey the rule. 答案：belonging　由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)填belong的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，workers與belong to之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。故用現(xiàn)在分詞belonging to作后置定語(yǔ)。belong to無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 三、完形填空 It impressed me a lot.I never thought that little help will __1__ out to be the most satisfying thing I have ever done.He was tired，and __2__ to climb further.With a broad __3__，he asked if I could help him with some money.He was paralyzed(癱瘓) in both legs and was __4__ funds for some operation.He said that if operated successfully，he could __5__ a training guaranteeing him a job.I was full of __6__ and even asked him to show his legs.I gave him the __7__ money.After a few days，he again came at my doorstep asking for more money for acmodation.This time I was more or less __8__ he was not cheating me.I gave him some and said，“This is all I have.” A year went by and I had moved to a(n) __9__ place.One fine day I got a call from an unknown number.Caller called out his name but I didnt __10__ him.Then he said he was the very paralyzed person I helped a year ago. I asked him how he was doing.He said，“What sir, you recognize me not by my name but by my __11__ state.” “With your kind help I am now able to __12__ on my legs without support.I was operated __13__.I am married to a beautiful lady and have a stable __14__.” I dont __15__ remember if I gave him my phone number.__16__，what he said next was touching.He said he wanted to return my money so that I didnt feel cheated and would continue to help people __17__ in the future.I dont know whether he read my facial expression the day I helped him but tears were __18__ down my face.That day I promised him I would continue to help people as I saw a(n) __19__—small or big.__20__ a lifechanged event of my life. 1．A.send B．break C．bring D．turn 2．A.struggling B．substituting C．playing D．walking 3．A.look B．smile C．view D．whisper 4．A.finding B．raising C．seeking D．earning 5．A.pretend B．intend C．a(chǎn)ttend D．tend 6．A.interests B．minds C．worries D．doubts 7．A.remaining B．left C．hiding D．forgotten 8．A.informed B．prepared C．convinced D．outspoken 9．A.new B．old C．systematic D．bad 10．A.remind B．recognize C．replace D．repeat 11．A.excited B．messed C．disabled D．stressed 12．A.live B．base C．focus D．stand 13．A.successfully B．surprisingly C．hopefully D．naturally 14．A.reason B．promise C．character D．job 15．A.also B．even C．a(chǎn)lready D．only 16．A.Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Meanwhile 17．A.in need B．in place C．in favor D．in advance 18．A.bringing B．putting C．running D．pulling 19．A.behavior B．case C．a(chǎn)ccident D．opportunity 20．A.Strangely B．Truly C．Generally D．Originally 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。作者一次無(wú)意間的幫助改變了一位癱瘓者的一生。這件事也改變了作者的人生，讓他決定繼續(xù)幫助那些有困難的人。 1．D　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。此處指作者從未想過(guò)一個(gè)小小的幫助最后竟成為他曾做過(guò)的最令自己滿意的一件事。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都能與out組成固定短語(yǔ)。turn out意為“結(jié)果是，最后成為”，符合語(yǔ)境。send out意為“發(fā)出”；break out意為“爆發(fā)”；bring out意為“生產(chǎn)，出版”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選D。 2．A　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“paralyzed (癱瘓)”可知，他癱瘓了，所以此處應(yīng)指他努力往前爬。A項(xiàng)意為“努力，掙扎”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“替換”；C項(xiàng)意為“玩”；D項(xiàng)意為“走”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選A。 3．B　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)前面的“broad”可知，此處應(yīng)指他咧嘴微笑著。B項(xiàng)意為“微笑”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“表情”；C項(xiàng)意為“觀點(diǎn)”；D項(xiàng)意為“耳語(yǔ)”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選B。 4．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上句中的“help him with some money”可知，此處應(yīng)指他在籌集手術(shù)資金。B項(xiàng)意為“籌集”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“找到”；C項(xiàng)意為“尋找”；D項(xiàng)意為“掙得”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選B。 5．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)指如果手術(shù)成功了，他就能參加能讓他得到一份工作的培訓(xùn)。C項(xiàng)意為“參加”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“假裝”；B項(xiàng)意為“打算”；D項(xiàng)意為“往往會(huì)”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選C。 6．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“even asked him to show his legs”可知，作者要求看看他的腿，所以對(duì)他所說(shuō)的話應(yīng)該是充滿了懷疑。D項(xiàng)意為“懷疑”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“興趣”；B項(xiàng)意為“思想”；C項(xiàng)意為“擔(dān)心”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選D。 7．A　考查形容詞辨析。此處指作者把手上剩余的錢都給了他。A項(xiàng)意為“剩余的”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“剩下的”，不作前置定語(yǔ)；C項(xiàng)意為“隱藏的”；D項(xiàng)意為“被遺忘的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選A。 8．C　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“he was not cheating me”和下句中的“gave him some”可知，作者給了他一些錢，有幾分確信他并沒有騙自己。C項(xiàng)意為“確信的，信服的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“見多識(shí)廣的”；B項(xiàng)意為“準(zhǔn)備好的”；D項(xiàng)意為“坦率的，直言不諱的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選C。 9．A　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文的“moved to”及下文作者接到一個(gè)陌生電話可知，作者搬到了一個(gè)新地方。A項(xiàng)意為“新的”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“舊的”；C項(xiàng)意為“系統(tǒng)化的”；D項(xiàng)意為“壞的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選A。 10．B　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞“but”及下文中的“you recognize me not by my name”可知，打電話的人報(bào)出了自己的名字，但作者并沒有認(rèn)出他來(lái)。B項(xiàng)意為“認(rèn)出”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“提醒”；C項(xiàng)意為“代替”；D項(xiàng)意為“重復(fù)”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選B。 11．C　考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“Then he said he was the very paralyzed person”可知，作者不是通過(guò)他的名字而是通過(guò)他癱瘓的情況認(rèn)出了他。C項(xiàng)意為“殘疾的”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“興奮的”；B項(xiàng)意為“混亂的”；D項(xiàng)意為“有壓力的”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選C。 12．D　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“without support”可知，此處指他不需要支架就可以自己站起來(lái)。D項(xiàng)意為“站立，站起來(lái)”，符合語(yǔ)境。live意為“居住”；base意為“基于”；focus意為“關(guān)注”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選D。 13．A　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上一句可知，他現(xiàn)在能夠站起來(lái)，所以手術(shù)成功了。A項(xiàng)意為“成功地”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“令人驚奇地”；C項(xiàng)意為“有希望地”；D項(xiàng)意為“自然地”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選A。 14．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)及上文中提到的“guaranteeing him a job”可推斷出，他結(jié)婚了，還有了一份穩(wěn)定的工作。D項(xiàng)意為“工作”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“理由”；B項(xiàng)意為“允諾”；C項(xiàng)意為“性格”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選D。 15．B　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及上文中的“A year went by”可知，此處指作者甚至不記得是否給過(guò)他電話號(hào)碼。B項(xiàng)意為“甚至”，符合語(yǔ)境。故答案選B。 16．C　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知，作者甚至不記得是否給過(guò)他電話號(hào)碼，但是他接下來(lái)說(shuō)的話卻令人感動(dòng)。C項(xiàng)意為“然而”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“因此”；B項(xiàng)意為“否則”；D項(xiàng)意為“與此同時(shí)”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選C。 17．A　考查短語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這位曾經(jīng)癱瘓的人想將錢還給作者，這樣作者就不會(huì)感覺到自己被騙從而以后可以放心去幫助那些有困難的人。A項(xiàng)意為“在危難中的”，符合語(yǔ)境。B項(xiàng)意為“在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢谩保籆項(xiàng)不是短語(yǔ)；D項(xiàng)意為“提前”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選A。 18．C　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處是指眼淚流過(guò)作者的臉龐。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都能與down組成短語(yǔ)。run down意為“往下流”，符合語(yǔ)境。bring down意為“降低，打倒”；put down意為“鎮(zhèn)壓，記下”；pull down意為“拉下來(lái)，摧毀”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選C。 19．D　考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及本句中的“small or big”可知，此處表示只要有機(jī)會(huì)，無(wú)論大小，作者都會(huì)繼續(xù)幫助他人。D項(xiàng)意為“機(jī)會(huì)”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“行為”； B項(xiàng)意為“事例”；C項(xiàng)意為“事故”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選D。 20．B　考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容以及第一段第一句可知，此處與第一句相呼應(yīng)，指的是這的確是改變了作者一生的事情。B項(xiàng)意為“確實(shí)，的確”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“奇怪地”；C項(xiàng)意為“大體上地”；D項(xiàng)意為“起初”，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故答案選B。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．The boys behavior was high thought of by all the people present. ________________________________________________________ 答案：high→highly　think highly of ... “高度評(píng)價(jià)……”。 2．What can we do for them in return all the help they have given us? ________________________________________________________ 答案：return后加for　in return for ... “作為對(duì)……的回報(bào)”。 3．It is very worth making an effort to promote the public awareness of environmental protection. ________________________________________________________ 答案：very→well　be well worth doing ... “非常值得做……”。 4．The rescue workers removed the stones in search for any survivor. ________________________________________________________ 答案：for→of　in search of ... “尋找……”。 5．There is no doubt what a cleaner does is harder pared with any other job in the society. ________________________________________________________ 答案：doubt后加that　There is no doubt that ... “毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……”。 五、七選五 Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 1 In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological. One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 2 Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks. 3 They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally ger sick less often and less seriously than men. The mon cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men. 4 Scientists are still not exactly sure how influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency(傾向) to age more slowly than a man’s. Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly . 5 A. However,women,onaverage,livelonger. B. Thebiologicalfactorplaysanimportantpart. C.Womenarealsohelpedbytheirfemalegenes. D.Thefemalehormonesalsoprotectthebodyinanotherway. E.Recentresearchseemstosupportbothofthesepossibilities. F.Therefore,womenaremorehealthythanmenandcanliveabetterlife. G.Hormonesarechemicalswhichareproducedbythebodytocontrolcariousbodyfunctions. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文介紹了女性比男性壽命長(zhǎng)的原因。 1.A 根據(jù)空格下一句 ＂一般說(shuō)，女性比男性多活6到7年＂可知此處的意思是：然而，女性平均比男性壽命更長(zhǎng)。故選A。 2.G 根據(jù)空格上句＂男性和女性之間荷爾蒙的不同幫助女性活得更久＂可知此空的意思是：荷爾蒙是身體分泌的控制身體各種功能的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。故選G。 3.D 根據(jù)下句＂它們幫助身體本身抵抗各種感染＂可知此空的意思是：女性荷爾蒙也用另一種方式保護(hù)身體。故選D。 5.E 根據(jù)空格前兩句＂一些人認(rèn)為女性的身體細(xì)胞有比男性老化慢的傾向，另一些人認(rèn)為男性的身體細(xì)胞有老化較快的傾向＂可知E項(xiàng)＂最近的研究似乎支持這兩種可能＂符合題意。故選E。