2019高考英語一輪選訓(xùn)習(xí)題 Unit 1 Friendship（含解析）新人教版必修1.doc

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必修1　Unit 1　Friendship 一、閱讀理解 A Kid Presidents: True Tales of Childhood from America’s Presidents By David Stabler ISBN 9780062358684 Type: Historical nonfiction In the 20 stories of 20 different U.S. presidents in this book, we learn that our country’s leaders are not so different from us. They, too, were once kids with ordinary problems. They struggled with schoolwork and angered their parents. Dwight Eisenhower dealt with bullies. Bill Clinton struggled with his weight. Barack Obama moved to Indonesia with his mother when he was just a boy, and had to get used to a new culture. Has Anyone Seen Jessica Jenkins? By Liz Kessler ISBN 9781444013986 Type: Fantasy Jessica Jenkins always thought she was a regular kid. Then, one day, she gets the surprise of a lifetime—she can bee invisible! With the help of her best friend, Izzy, Jessica goes on a trip to discover the source of her new power. Along the way, she gets caught up in shocking secrets, kidnappings, rescue plans, and a mission to keep this amazing power out of the wrong hands. Spring Garden By Fred Chappell ISBN 9780807119488 Type: Poetry Spring Garden is a collection of poems for spring, including classics by Thomas Nashe, William Shakespeare etc. and contemporary poems by Denis Dunn, Ruth Hill etc. It consists of 85 poems, ranging in length from just a few lines to several hundred. Absolutely Truly By Heather Vogel Frederick ISBN 9781442429727 Type: Mystery Twelve-year-old Truly is moved to Pumpkin Falls, New Hampshire, after her father suffers a terrible helicopter accident. The six-foot-tall Truly struggles to fit into her new surroundings. Then, one day, she uncovers a mysterious letter in a book at her Aunt True’s bookstore. And that’s when the adventure begins. Truly leads her new friends Cha Cha, Romeo, and Lucas on a hunt to uncover the secrets of the small town. Absolutely Truly will appeal to anyone who enjoys mystery books with a bit of sadness and a feel-good ending. 1.Who wrote the story about a girl with superpower? A. Heather Vogel Frederick B. David Stabler C. Liz Kessler D. Fred Chappell 2.The ISBN for the book of poems is ________. A.9781442429727 B.9780807119488 C.9781444013986 D.9780062358684 3.What kind of readers will probably like reading Absolutely Truly? A. Those who are fans of history. B. Those who like realistic stories. C. Those who are searching for a romantic plot. D. Those who enjoy a mixture of mystery, sorrow and happiness. 4.Which of the following books tells real stories? A. Absolutely Truly B. Spring Garden C. Has Anyone Seen Jessica Jenkins? D.Kid Presidents: True Tales of Childhood from America’s Presidents 【文章大意】本文介紹了四本不同類型的書。 1.C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二部分內(nèi)容可知，該書描述了一位有神奇力量的女孩，該書作者是Liz Kessler，故選C項(xiàng)。 2.B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三部分內(nèi)容“ISBN 9780807119488 Type: Poetry”可知，該書類型是詩歌，其書號(hào)是9780807119488，故選B項(xiàng)。 4.D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合文章對(duì)各本書的簡(jiǎn)介可知，Kid Presidents: True Tales of Childhood from America’s Presidents講述的是美國(guó)幾位總統(tǒng)的真實(shí)故事，故選D項(xiàng)。 B As a child, I was generally happy, singing and dancing to my favorite songs, smiling and laughing with my friends and family. But as far back as second grade, I noticed a “darkness” about me. I didnt enjoy participating in many things. In middle school, things in my life began to get even worse. I began withdrawing from everything I once enjoyed. I was always tired. Everything was horrible. Finally, midway through eighth grade, I was told I had a chemical imbalance, diagnosed (診斷) with clinical depression, and had to take medicine. It took months for me to feel the effects of the medicine. When I began to feel happy again is when I realized that I had to take the responsibility for getting better myself, rather than relying on medicine.Aristotle said, “To live happily is an inward power of the soul，” and I believe that this quote describes what I had to do to achieve happiness. Happiness is a journey. Everyone seems to need different things to be happy. “The essentials (要素) to happiness are something to love, something to do, and something to hope for，”a quote from William Blake sums up what I believe people need to realize to be truly happy in life. People need love. I feel they need their family and their friends more than anything else in the world. People need work to do, something to make them feel they are making a difference in the world. People need to know that more good is to e in the future, so they continue to live for “now” instead of constantly worrying about the bad that could e. Love and hope are happiness. 【文章大意】　作者根據(jù)自己克服抑郁癥的經(jīng)歷總結(jié)出了幸福生活的要素。 1．What do we know about the author in Paragraph 2? A．He hated going to sleep because he couldnt sleep well. B．He spent months recovering from the clinical depression. C．He was diagnosed with clinical depression in Grade Seven. D．He suffered a great deal from clinical depression. 答案與解析：D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“I began withdrawing from everything I once enjoyed. I was always tired.Everything was horrible.Finally，midway through eighth grade, I was told I had a chemical imbalance, diagnosed with clinical depression，and had to take medicine.”可知，在中學(xué)時(shí)，作者受到臨床抑郁癥的折磨。故選D項(xiàng)。 2．Who helped the author to be happy again? A．The authors friends.　B．Aristotle. C．The author himself. D．William. 答案與解析：C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“When I began to feel happy again is when I realized that I had to take the responsibility for getting better myself, rather than relying on medicine.”可知，作者并不是依賴藥物而是靠自己克服病癥，重新快樂起來。故選C項(xiàng)。 3．Which of the following about being truly happy is unnecessary in the authors opinion? A．Love. B．Ambition. C．Hope. D．Work. 答案與解析：B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句可知，作者認(rèn)為幸福的要素包括愛、希望和工作。故選B項(xiàng)。 4．What may be the best title for the text? A．The Essentials to Happiness B．Ways to Overe Shortings C．Everyone Needs to Be Happy D．Happiness Is Love 答案與解析：A考查主旨大意。通讀文章，作者根據(jù)自己克服抑郁癥的經(jīng)歷，總結(jié)出幸福生活的要素，文章最后一段具體闡述了要素的內(nèi)容，由此可知A項(xiàng)契合文章主旨。 二、七選五 Secret codes (密碼) keep messages private. Banks, panies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by puter. People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 　 1 　Code breaking never lags (落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography. 　 2 　For example, the first letters of ＂My elephant eats too many eels＂ spell out the hidden message ＂Meet me.＂ 　 3 　You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message ＂Meet me＂ would read ＂13 5 5 20 13 5.＂ A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 　 4 　For example, ＂bridge＂ might stand for ＂meet＂ and ＂out＂ might stand for ＂me.＂ The message ＂Bridge out＂ would actually mean ＂Meet me.＂ 　 5 　However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently. A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B. In any language, some letters are used more than others. C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message. D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了密碼的設(shè)置和破解的方法。比如利用該字母在字母表中排序的數(shù)字來代表該字母，或者利用一些單詞的首字母來組成一個(gè)密碼等。 1.D 【解題思路】根據(jù)后面一句＂Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making＂可知，此空該選D(只要有密碼的存在，人們就會(huì)試圖去破解它們)。 2.E 【解題思路】根據(jù)后一句的＂For example, the first letters of ‘My elephant eats too many eels’ spell out the hidden message ‘Meet me.’＂可知，此空該選E(你可以拼寫每個(gè)單詞的第一個(gè)字母來隱藏信息)。 3.G 【解題思路】上一段介紹了第一種密碼類型，本段介紹的是第二種類型，再根據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容可知，空處選G(另外一種隱藏信息的方式是用符號(hào)來代表字母表中的特定字母)。 4.F 【解題思路】由前一句的＂a code book＂和空后的＂’bridge’might stand for...’me.’＂可知，此空該選F(有了密碼書，你就可以寫下代表其他單詞的單詞)。 5.A 【解題思路】本段介紹的是密碼書，根據(jù)空后的轉(zhuǎn)折可知，此處該選A(沒有密碼書是很難破解密碼的)。 三、短文改錯(cuò) Mistakes are unavoidable in life.But attitudes towards it may make a difference. I still remember how my spoken English was improved.In a beginning，I always kept silent in our oral class to avoid make mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about my situation. He encouraged me to speak out that I thought.Whenever I made mistakes and felt discouraging，my teacher and my classmates would help me figure out how I must have avoided them. I also joined in an English club to get more chances to speak.Practice made perfect.Now I can talk fluent in English. Just as the saying goes，“Every bean has its black.” Dont afraid of making mistakes.Learn from mistakes，and success is just waiting for us. 【答案】　 Mistakes are unavoidable in life.But attitudes towards may make a difference. I still remember how my spoken English was improved.In beginning，I always kept silent in our oral class to avoid mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about my situation. He encouraged me to speak out I thought.Whenever I made mistakes and felt ，my teacher and my classmates would help me figure out how I have avoided them. I also joined an English club to get more chances to speak.Practice perfect.Now I can talk in English. Just as the saying goes，“Every bean has its black.” Dont afraid of making mistakes.Learn from mistakes，and success is just waiting for us. 第一處：it→them?？疾榇~。根據(jù)語境可知，第二句中“towards”的賓語指代的是第一句的主語“Mistakes”，故用them。 第二處：a→the。考查冠詞。根據(jù)前一句“I still remember how my spoken English was improved.”可知，該處特指上文中“提高英語口語水平”的開始，故用定冠詞。 第三處：make→making?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。avoid doing sth.為固定用法，意為“避免做某事”。 第四處：that→what。考查賓語從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句，what既作賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，也作從句中及物動(dòng)詞thought的賓語，而that在從句中不能作成分，故將that改為what。 第五處：discouraging→discouraged?？疾樾稳菰~。根據(jù)從句主語I可知，該處應(yīng)用discouraged形容人，意為“沮喪的”；discouraging形容事物，意為“令人沮喪的”。 第六處：must→could?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語境可知，該句使用了虛擬語氣，表示“過去本能夠做卻沒有做”，故用could have done。 第七處：刪除in?？疾楣潭ù钆?。該處指“參加英語俱樂部”，參加某個(gè)組織用join，而join in為固定搭配，意為“參加活動(dòng)”，故刪除in。 第八處：made→makes?？疾橹髦^一致和時(shí)態(tài)。句意：熟能生巧。該句為一般真理，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；該句主語為Practice，為不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，故用makes。 第九處：fluent→fluently?？疾楦痹~。根據(jù)該句中的動(dòng)詞“talk”可知，此處修飾動(dòng)詞，故用副詞形式。 第十處：afraid前加be?？疾槠硎咕洹７治鼍渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為祈使句，afraid為形容詞，故afraid前加動(dòng)詞原形be。 四、短文語法填空 3-D printers 1.　　　　　　　　　(be) around us for some time.There is a lot you can do and imagine with a 3-D printer.Now add “building a house in a day” 2.　　　　　　 the list. A pany in China has 3.　　　　　　　(recent) used 3-D printers to make ten full-size houses in just 24 hours.And each of the houses covers an area of 200 square meters.These houses are printed with special “ink”4. has been made from industrial construction waste.The using of cheap material makes 5.　　　　　　 possible to print each house under $5,000.The CEO of the pany says,“They are both environmentally 6.　　　　　　　(friend) and cost-effective.”He plans to set up 100 recycling factories across China and continue 7.　　　　　　　(change) waste into cost-effective “ink” for 3-D printers.He also hopes his printers can be used to build tall 8.(build).However,at present,multi-storey 3-D printed buildings are not allowed in China.So it’s impossible that the 3-D printing technology will be 9.　　　　　　(wide) used to build homes any time soon.Maybe there is still 10.　　　　　　 long way to go. 答案 1.have been　2.to　3.recently　4.that/which　5.it 6.friendly　7.changing/to change　8.buildings　9.widely 10.a