山東省濱州市2019年中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法五 代詞語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)剖析.doc

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代詞 語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)剖析 考點(diǎn)一 人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞及反身代詞 1．人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞及反身代詞總表 2.人稱(chēng)代詞主格用作主語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，賓格用作賓語(yǔ)。要根據(jù)題干中的提示詞，如mother, father, Lily, Tom等及語(yǔ)境判定應(yīng)該用哪一人稱(chēng)。 —Where is dad？爸爸在哪兒？ —He is in the garden.他在花園里。 Miss Smith is very kind. We all like her．史密斯小姐非常和藹，我們都喜歡她。 3．名詞性物主代詞＝形容詞性物主代詞＋名詞 My sister likes painting. Its one of her hobbies.我妹妹喜歡畫(huà)畫(huà)，這是她的愛(ài)好之一。 —Is this your bike？這是你的自行車(chē)嗎？ —No, its her bike. Mine(＝My bike) is under the tree.不是，是她的自行車(chē)。我的(自行車(chē))在樹(shù)下。 4．反身代詞的固定搭配： enjoy oneself玩得愉快　　 learn/teach...by oneself自學(xué) dress oneself穿衣 help oneself to隨便吃…… by oneself獨(dú)自 for oneself親自 hurt oneself受傷 keep ... to oneself 保守秘密 prove oneself證明自己 lose onself in 沉迷于；陶醉于 1．(xx山東東營(yíng)東營(yíng)區(qū)模擬)—Your uncle is very good at cooking! How did he learn it? —He learned it by ． A．him B．himself C．her D．herself 2．(xx山東濟(jì)南槐蔭一模)—Jim, what do you usually do in the evening? —I usually do homework. A．he B．him C．my D．mine 3．(xx山東濟(jì)南商河二模)—Is this your English book? —No. is in my bag. A．My B．Me C．Mine D．Myself 4．(xx山東菏澤巨野模擬改編)Jack used to be a teacher in this school, but he gave up job when he went abroad. A．him B．his C．he D．himself 5．(xx北京大興一模)My birthday is coming. My parents will give some nice presents. A．mine B．I C．me D．my 6．(xx江蘇南京中考)The schools in Qinhuai District will develop the museum courses suitable for children during school time. A．they B．their C．them D．theirs 7．(xx四川南充中考改編)—Is that your model plane? —Yes, its . My sister sent it to me. A．my B．mine C．me D．our 8．(xx甘肅白銀中考)There are many good teachers in school. A．we B．him C．our D．themselves 9．(xx江蘇鹽城中考)We should protect the earth because it is home. A．we B．us C．our D．ours 10．(xx江蘇揚(yáng)州中考)—Who is the lady in red? —Miss Gao. She teaches English. A．we B．us C．our D．ours 考點(diǎn)二 指示代詞 this/these, that/those 1．this和these用于指距離較近的人或事物；that和those用于指距離較遠(yuǎn)的人或事物。 This picture is clear and that picture is not clear.這張圖畫(huà)清楚，而那張圖畫(huà)不清楚。 2．打電話(huà)時(shí)用this做自我介紹，用that詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方是誰(shuí)。 This is Mary speaking. Whos that？我是瑪麗，你是誰(shuí)？ 3．that/those指代上文提到的名詞。 The weather in Hangzhou is much warmer than that in Harbin in winter.杭州冬天的天氣比哈爾濱暖和多了。(that指代the weather，避免重復(fù)) 1．(xx貴州安順中考)—Mr. Han, how is the weather in Anshun now, please? —Actually, it is cooler than in Guiyang. A．it B．that C．this D．those 2．(xx黑龍江龍東中考改編)As for learning English, students that read a lot can do much better than who dont. A．that B．which C．those D．whose 考點(diǎn)三 不定代詞 1．some與any —Would you like some coffee？你想要些咖啡嗎？ —Yes, please.好的，謝謝。 There arent any students in the classroom.教室里沒(méi)有學(xué)生。 2．each與every each可以單獨(dú)使用，側(cè)重個(gè)別，可以與of連用，指兩者或兩者以上中的每一個(gè)，不可以與not連用；every不可單獨(dú)使用，側(cè)重全體，不可以與of連用，指三者或三者以上中的每一個(gè)，與not連用時(shí)，表示部分否定。 Each has his/her good points.每個(gè)人都有自己的好點(diǎn)子。 I know every member of your family.我認(rèn)識(shí)你家的每個(gè)人。 Not everyone has the chance to go to school.并不是每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會(huì)去上學(xué)。 3．either與 neither either指兩個(gè)人或物中的一個(gè)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；neither指兩個(gè)人或物中一個(gè)也不，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 There are many trees on either side of the street.在大街的兩邊有很多樹(shù)。 Neither of the books is good.這兩本書(shū)都不好。 4．both與all both“兩者都”，其否定詞是neither; all“(三者或更多)全都”，否定詞是none。 We are both students, but neither of us likes sports.我們倆都是學(xué)生，但是都不喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)。 5．a(chǎn) little, little, a few, few a little, a few表示肯定意義， little, few表示否定意義； a little/little后接不可數(shù)名詞， a few/few后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。 6．other, the other, another, others, the others的用法 詞語(yǔ) 詞義 用法 other 泛指其他的 跟單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞 the other 兩個(gè)人或物中 的另一個(gè) 常構(gòu)成one... the other... another 另一個(gè) 跟單數(shù)名詞，或跟“數(shù)字＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞” others 泛指另外的人或物 是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式 the others 特指一定范圍 中的其他所有 相當(dāng)于the rest或“the other＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)” 7.復(fù)合不定代詞 somebody某人　　 anybody任何人　　 nobody沒(méi)有人 everybody每個(gè)人 someone某人 anyone任何人 no one沒(méi)有人 everyone每人 something某事 anything任何事 nothing沒(méi)有什么 everything每件事 1．(xx內(nèi)蒙古通遼中考)Money is important, but it cant buy ， especially happiness and health. A．a(chǎn)nything B．something C．everything D．nothing 2．(xx上海中考)Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and is noisy. A．a(chǎn)nother B．the other C．other D．others 3．(xx浙江溫州中考)—Do you like rock music or light music? — . I like Beijing Opera. A．Either B．None C．Both D．Neither 4．(xx湖北黃石中考)When Flight 3U833 finally landed in Chengdu, of women cried.Fortunately, of the 119 passengers in the plane were hurt in the incident(事件)． A．some; none B．some; neither C．a(chǎn)ny; none D．a(chǎn)ny; neither 5．(xx四川成都中考改編)A smile costs ， but gives much, so always keep smiling! A．something B．a(chǎn)nything C．nothing D．everything 6．(xx江蘇揚(yáng)州中考)—Where would you like to go tomorrow, Beijing or Xian? — is OK. Its up to you. A．Either B．Neither C．Both D．All 考點(diǎn)四 疑問(wèn)代詞 單詞 詞義 用法 who 誰(shuí) 作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ) whom 誰(shuí) 作賓語(yǔ)，是who的賓格 whose 誰(shuí)的 作定語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，是who的所有格形式 what 什么 作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ) which 哪個(gè) 作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ) 1． would you like to go shopping with? A．Which B．Whom C．What D．Where 2．— is your email address? —Its xinxin@163.com. A．Who B．How C．What D．Which 3．— coat is more beautiful than yours? —Lilys. A．Which B．Whose C．Who D．What 考點(diǎn)五 it的用法 1．特指上文提到的同一事物。 —Wheres your office？你的辦公室在哪里？ —Its on the third floor.在三樓。 2．指不知性別的嬰兒或人。 —Who is the person over there？那邊的人是誰(shuí)？ —It may be the doctor.可能是醫(yī)生。 3．指天氣、時(shí)間、距離等。 Its about eight oclock.大約8點(diǎn)了。 4．在固定句型中作形式主語(yǔ)。 It is＋adj.＋(for sb.) to do sth. 做某事(對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))是…… It is＋adj.＋(of sb.) to do sth.(某人)這么做真是太…… Its ones turn to do sth.輪到某人做某事了 Its time (for sb.) to do sth.是(某人)做某事的時(shí)候了 Its said/believed/reported that... 據(jù)說(shuō)/人們認(rèn)為/據(jù)報(bào)道…… It takes sb. some time to do sth. 某人花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間做某事 It is/has been＋時(shí)間段＋since＋從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí)) 自從……以來(lái)，已經(jīng)有……時(shí)間了 sb.＋find/think it＋adj.＋to do sth. 某人發(fā)現(xiàn)/認(rèn)為做某事是……的 1．(xx廣東中考)Boxing Day, the 26th of December, got name from a time gave boxes of gifts to poor people who had to work at Christmas. A．its B．its C．ones D．one 2．(xx四川涼山中考)—I cant find my English book.Have you seen ？ —Oh, sorry. I have taken by mistake. A．them; my B．them; your C．it; mine D．it; yours 3．(xx安徽中考)—Is this iPad yours? —Yes. My parents bought for my language learning. A．one B．it C．other D．a(chǎn)nother 4．(xx甘肅蘭州中考)Do you think acceptable for a group of women to dance to loud music on the square near your house? A．it B．that C．this D．its 5．(xx貴州貴陽(yáng)中考改編)The Chinese government has made possible for people to live happy lives. A．that B．this C．it D．one 6．(xx湖北黃石中考)Chinese people find our duty to help develop African countries along the Belt and Road(一帶一路)． A．it B．this C．that D．these 7．(xx湖北宜昌中考)—It is said that TV program The Reader was quite popular. —Yes, I watched at eight last Saturday. A．it B．them C．that D．those 8．(xx江蘇連云港中考)—I am planning a trip to Lianyungang this summer. How is the weather there? —Not so hot. Sometimes is a bit cool and wet. A．this B．that C．it D．one 考點(diǎn)六 one的用法 1．one指代可數(shù)名詞，既可指人，也可指物。 One should do ones/his best all the time. 一個(gè)人無(wú)論何時(shí)都應(yīng)盡最大努力。 He is not one who is easy to work with. 他不是一個(gè)容易合作的人。 2．代替上文已出現(xiàn)過(guò)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表示泛指意義，其復(fù)數(shù)形式是ones。 I dont like this sweater. Will you please show me another one？我不喜歡這件毛衣。你能再給我拿一件嗎？ it特指上下文提到的對(duì)象是同一事物，one泛指上下文提到的同類(lèi)事物中的一個(gè)， 同類(lèi)而不是同一個(gè)。 1．(xx山東泰安中考)—Im a little hungry, Mom! —There are some apple pies on the table. You may take ． A．it B．this C．that D．one 2．(xx江蘇泰州中考)—More and more people give out “red packets” on WeChat to celebrate festivals. —Thats true. I have just received from my friend. A．it B．that C．one D．them 3．(xx安徽中考)—The fridges are on sale in the supermarket today. —Really? Lets go and buy for our new kitchen. A．one B．it C．that D．them 4．(xx江蘇宿遷中考)—Excuse me, I want some books, but I cant find a bookshop here. —I know on my way home. Come with me, please. A．this B．one C．it D．that 5．(xx內(nèi)蒙古包頭中考)Everyone can help in way or another to make our city more beautiful. A．a(chǎn)ny B．one C．every D．either 參考答案 【語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)剖析】 考點(diǎn)一　1～5 BCCBC　6～10 BBCCB 考點(diǎn)二　1～2 BC 考點(diǎn)三　1～6 CBDACA 考點(diǎn)四　1～3 BCB 考點(diǎn)五　1～5 BDBAC　6～8 AAC 考點(diǎn)六　1～5 DCABB