全自動(dòng)蘋(píng)果削皮機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì).doc

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畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì)題目 蘋(píng)果去皮機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與研究 系 別 專(zhuān) 業(yè) 學(xué)生姓名 學(xué) 號(hào) 指導(dǎo)教師 職 稱(chēng) 201 年 月 日摘 要目前我國(guó)的蘋(píng)果生產(chǎn)很好，但和西方國(guó)家仍有較大的差距在加工方面，尤其是在自動(dòng)化加工方面存在著相當(dāng)大的距離。蘋(píng)果基本食材的剝皮屬于蘋(píng)果基本食材的一個(gè)基本深加工制作的工藝之一。 現(xiàn)在盡管蘋(píng)果基本食材的剝皮作業(yè)已經(jīng)慢慢的開(kāi)始可機(jī)械化的基本生產(chǎn)作業(yè)，但相對(duì)而言其勞動(dòng)作業(yè)的基本密集強(qiáng)度比較的大，生產(chǎn)作業(yè)的基本效率比較的低?，F(xiàn)階段我國(guó)有的蘋(píng)果剝皮設(shè)備還存在著挺多問(wèn)題，例如大型設(shè)備體積過(guò)于龐大，在加工過(guò)程中容造成蘋(píng)果的污染，而且不適合小型企業(yè)的加工生產(chǎn)，此外還有一些設(shè)備需要人工將所有蘋(píng)果挨個(gè)插到固定針上固定，不小心的時(shí)候會(huì)造成使用者的基本傷害。在此次設(shè)計(jì)中我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了一種關(guān)于摩擦原理的小型蘋(píng)果剝皮的機(jī)械設(shè)備，不再需要人工將所有蘋(píng)果逐一插到固定針上固定了。本文設(shè)計(jì)的機(jī)器設(shè)備主要由傳動(dòng)作業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)、存儲(chǔ)作業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)和電氣作業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)予以組成，蘋(píng)果基本食材從進(jìn)料位置口進(jìn)入到基本的機(jī)器設(shè)備里面，通過(guò)電機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)部件、減速器結(jié)構(gòu)部件的基本驅(qū)動(dòng)滾動(dòng)電刷結(jié)構(gòu)部件的旋轉(zhuǎn)類(lèi)型的基本摩擦作業(yè)，從而滿(mǎn)足對(duì)蘋(píng)果基本食材的剝皮作業(yè)的基本的目的。這此的基本設(shè)計(jì)研究的對(duì)現(xiàn)有機(jī)器設(shè)備的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)予以一定的基本分析研究，結(jié)合真實(shí)的作業(yè)情況完成了蘋(píng)果基本市場(chǎng)的去皮機(jī)機(jī)器設(shè)備的總體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，蘋(píng)果基本說(shuō)過(guò)的去皮機(jī)器設(shè)備的運(yùn)行操作能夠更加穩(wěn)定、安全，從而提高了蘋(píng)果說(shuō)過(guò)的基本去皮作業(yè)的加工的機(jī)械化程度。關(guān)鍵詞： 蘋(píng)果去皮機(jī)；機(jī)械化；剝皮 ABSTRACTAt present, Chinas apple production is better, but in the processing and some Western countries there is still a considerable gap, especially in the automated processing has a considerable gap. Apple peeling is one of the main deep processing of apple. At present, although the apple peeling has begun to mechanized production, but relatively labor-intensive, relatively low productivity. At present, some of Chinas apple peeling equipment, there are still many problems, such as large-scale equipment is too large, in the process of Apple pollution caused by pollution, and does not apply to small business processing, in addition to a part of the equipment need to manually all the apples One by one inserted into the fixed needle fixed, so a little carelessly it is likely to cause personal injury accident.In this design we designed a friction on the principle of small apple peeling machinery and equipment, no longer need to manually put all the apple one by one to the fixed needle fixed. This set of equipment mainly by the transmission part, the storage part and the electrical part of the apple from the feed into the device, through the motor reducer drive rolling brush friction, so as to achieve the purpose of peeling the apple. The design of the existing equipment to analyze the data, combined with the actual situation to complete the overall design of the apple peeled machine, Apple peeled machine operation can be more stable and safe, thereby improving the degree of mechanization of apple peel processing.Keywords: apple automatic peeling machine; mechanization; peeling目 錄摘 要1ABSTRACT1第一章 緒論11.1蘋(píng)果加工產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀及蘋(píng)果的功效11.1.1蘋(píng)果產(chǎn)業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀11.1.2蘋(píng)果產(chǎn)業(yè)存在的問(wèn)題21.1.3蘋(píng)果的作用31.1.4蘋(píng)果的存儲(chǔ)41.2 蘋(píng)果的加工處理流程簡(jiǎn)介51.2.1 蘋(píng)果的品質(zhì)分級(jí)51.2.2 蘋(píng)果的清洗71.2.3 蘋(píng)果的去皮81.3蘋(píng)果去皮清洗的必要性81.4去皮機(jī)械化的意義9第二章 蘋(píng)果清洗去皮機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)112.1工作原理112.2基本結(jié)構(gòu)122.2.1 去皮機(jī)構(gòu)122.2.2 清洗機(jī)構(gòu)13第三章 撥料盤(pán)和刷輥的設(shè)計(jì)143.1 撥料盤(pán)部件的設(shè)計(jì)143.1.1 螺旋機(jī)輸送量的確定143.1.2 螺旋機(jī)功率的確定143.1.3 螺旋直徑的確定153.1.4 螺旋軸轉(zhuǎn)速的確定163.1.5 螺距的確定173.1.6 物料輸送速度的確定173.2 刷輥部件的設(shè)計(jì)18第四章 電動(dòng)機(jī)的計(jì)算選型194.1 電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇194.1.1 選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)類(lèi)型和結(jié)構(gòu)型式194.1.2 選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)的容量194.2 傳動(dòng)裝置的運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力參數(shù)的計(jì)算194.2.1 各軸轉(zhuǎn)速204.2.2 各軸輸入功率204.2.3 各軸輸出功率214.2.4 各軸輸入轉(zhuǎn)矩214.2.5 各軸輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩22第五章 減速器的設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算235.1 齒輪設(shè)計(jì)235.2 減速器結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)275.2.1 機(jī)體結(jié)構(gòu)275.2.2 鑄鐵減速器機(jī)體的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸見(jiàn)下表285.3 軸設(shè)計(jì)295.3.1 計(jì)算齒輪受力305.3.2 計(jì)算支承反力305.3.3 畫(huà)軸轉(zhuǎn)矩圖305.3.4 許用應(yīng)力315.3.5 校核軸徑315.4 軸承的選型325.5 鍵的選型335.5.1 輸入軸與帶輪的聯(lián)接335.5.2 輸出軸與大齒輪的聯(lián)接34參考文獻(xiàn)36致 謝37