小學(xué)英語閱讀理解詳細(xì)講解與練習(xí).doc

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教學(xué) 內(nèi)容 小學(xué)英語閱讀試題的技巧與方法 一、閱讀信息文中找。 小學(xué)階段的閱讀試題答案，基本都能在所給的閱讀文中找到所需信息。學(xué)生只需帶著問題或關(guān)鍵詞以尋讀的方式，快速在文章中尋找所需信息，切記不可任憑自己的想象，隨心所欲的回答。如本班有位同學(xué)在做一道閱讀填空：Tim and his friend in the sea.沒有通過尋找關(guān)鍵詞，在文章中尋找的方式，而是根據(jù)自己的猜測(cè)寫出play. 二、　尋找信息的順序性。 　　　一篇閱讀文章之后的若干試題，通常依據(jù)自上而下的順序出題。（當(dāng)然也有個(gè)別例外）第一道題所需信息通常在文中的首段，學(xué)生只需在文章的第一部分尋找，第二題的信息，則無需從文章的開始瀏覽，只要從第一個(gè)信息之后尋讀即可，后面的題依次往下尋找。最后一道題的信息，基本在文章的末段。了解了尋找信息的順序性，學(xué)生無需花費(fèi)較多的時(shí)間一遍又一遍通讀全文，增加信息量，干擾閱讀理解，影響做題速度。 三、如何快速尋找所需信息 在那到一篇閱讀試題時(shí)，大部分學(xué)生首先會(huì)不自覺地通讀全文，甚至因思考文中的生詞而花費(fèi)較多的時(shí)間，然后再回到試題時(shí)，頭腦中關(guān)于文章的信息已所剩無幾。正確的方法是，首先仔細(xì)閱讀試題，圈出試題中的關(guān)鍵詞。如何識(shí)別關(guān)鍵詞，需要老師在平時(shí)的閱讀教學(xué)中指導(dǎo)、判斷。比如：am, is, are , do, did, can, to, of 等虛詞通常不可能是關(guān)鍵詞，而名詞、動(dòng)詞、副詞通常為關(guān)鍵詞。填空試題：We kites and butterflies in spring. 在看到這道題時(shí)，首先引導(dǎo)學(xué)生猜測(cè)并分析關(guān)鍵詞，有同學(xué)找出kites， butterflies， spring三個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞。到底哪個(gè)能夠更好地幫助我們快速找到所需信息呢？比較這三個(gè)單詞，單詞 kites， butterflies之前是所缺信息，一般不可能是首選單詞，這時(shí)可以快速瀏覽后面的試題，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)第二題有單詞summer，第三題有單詞autumn，第四題有單詞winter，這幾個(gè)單詞幫助我們確定spring是第一關(guān)鍵詞，而且后面三道題的第一關(guān)鍵詞依次是summer，autumn and winter.根據(jù)此信息，仔細(xì)閱讀每段的首句，快速確定與spring有關(guān)的段落，其他段落不必閱讀。那么，學(xué)生會(huì)很快找到文章的第二段與spring有關(guān)。然后再根據(jù)第二關(guān)鍵詞kites， butterflies尋找所需信息，帶著這兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞，在文章的第二段中，找出含有此單詞的句子，并做下劃線注釋，We can fly kites, We can catch butterflies . 縮小尋找范圍之后，再判斷那個(gè)是所需單詞，由于kites之前有 can fly 兩個(gè)單詞，到底哪一個(gè)才是正確的答案呢？這時(shí)我們可以判斷那個(gè)單詞離kites最近，最終確定單詞fly 。然后試讀句子：We fly kites.省略單詞can，不影響正確表達(dá)，仍然通順。 對(duì)于閱讀文中的問答題，方法基本相同。首先找出問題中的關(guān)鍵詞，然后帶著關(guān)鍵詞在文章中尋找答案。試題Where are Tim and his friends?通常疑問詞都是關(guān)鍵詞，通過疑問詞Where，知道所需信息是地點(diǎn)，同時(shí)根據(jù)另一關(guān)鍵詞Tim, friends,能過快速在文中找到：Tim and his friends are at the beach. At the beach 是地點(diǎn)單詞，即我們所需的信息。 四、判斷正誤。 對(duì)于閱讀試題中的判斷正誤題，相對(duì)比較簡單，但學(xué)生的出錯(cuò)率仍然較大，究其原因，學(xué)生不懂判斷的方法，通常是讀完試題之后，憑著自己對(duì)閱讀文章的大致印象判斷。事實(shí)上判斷試題與選擇、填空的做題方法基本一致，仍需找出試題中的關(guān)鍵詞，帶著關(guān)鍵詞，在文中尋找所需信息，然后仔細(xì)判斷是否與文中信息一致，如一致則正確，，反之錯(cuò)誤。試題：Mary is sick, Mother takes her to the doctor. 首先在試題中尋找關(guān)鍵詞：Mary，sick, Mother，doctor.帶著這些關(guān)鍵詞，在文章中尋找。由于這是閱讀文章的第一個(gè)試題，所以我們將答案定位于文章的首段，文中：Mother says: “Mary, Let’s go to the doctor for a check.” “Doctor?” says Mary, “I’m not sick, Why do I need to see the doctor?”此題與文中not sick信息不一致，所以不正確。最后一題：The doctor gives Mary a shot, It does not hurt at all.由于是最后一題，信息基本在文章的末斷，我們只需將信息定位于文章的末斷或上一試題信息之后，同樣帶著關(guān)鍵詞shot尋找。文中 Mary takes a shot, It does not hurt much.試題中：not hurt at all與 not hurt much不相符，所以錯(cuò)誤。 閱讀理解1：選擇正確的答案，把編號(hào)寫在前面的括號(hào)里 There are seven days in a week . They are Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday . Sunday is the first day of the week . In Sunday , I am playing cards with my friends . Monday is the second . We are walking to school . Tuesday is the third . I often do my homework . Wednesday is the fourth . We are flying kites in the park . Thursday is the fifth . We do my math . Friday is the sixth . We are working hard at school . Saturday is the seventh . We are having fun together . ( )1、There are days in a week . A、six B、 five C、seven ( )2、What is the first day of a week ? . A、Monday B、Saturday C、Sunday ( ) 3、What am I doing in Tuesday ? . A、do my homework . B、fly kites . C、do my math . ( )4、The fifth day of a week is . A、Friday B、Thursday C、Wednesday ( )5、In Saturday , we are . A、doing my homework B、flying kites C、having fun together 閱讀理解2：判斷下列句子意思與短文是否相符，用“T”或“F”表示 My Family I have a happy family. My father is a police officer. He is tall. He likes to play basketball and checkers. My mother is a teacher. She likes to watch TV and read books. I am a student. I am a boy. I like to play on the computer. I am shorter than my father and my mother. We like to eat noodles. We like to go for a walk after supper. We are a happy family. ( ) 26. My father is a police officer. ( ) 27. My father is short. ( ) 28.My father likes to play football and checkers. ( ) 29.My mother is a teacher. ( ) 30.My mother likes to watch TV and read books. ( )31.I am a student. I am a girl. ( )32.I like to play on the computer. ( ) 33.I am taller than my mother. ( ) 34.We like to eat soup. ( ) 35.We are a happy family. 閱讀理解3：選擇正確的答案，把編號(hào)寫在前面的括號(hào)里。 It is a sunny day this Sunday. I usually go shopping with my mother on Sunday. Sometimes I climb mountains. That’s fun. But not this Sunday. Because the weather report says it’s going to rain next Sunday. I can’t climb mountains in the rain. I can’t go shopping either. So I want to read books at home. ( ) 1 What is the weather like this Sunday? A .It is Sunday. B .It is fine. C .It is rainy. ( ) 2 What do you do on Sunday? A .I climb hills. B .I go hiking. C .I read books. ( ) 3 Can you climb mountains this Sunday? A .Yes, I can. B .No, I can’t. C .No, I’m not. ( ) 4 Do you go shopping on Sunday? A .Yes, I am. B .Yes, I do. C .No, I’m not. ( ) 5 What do you want to do next Sunday? A I want to read books. B I want to watch TV. C I want to go shopping. 閱讀理解4：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇合適的答案，將編號(hào)填在括號(hào)里： Last holiday, I took a big trip with my aunt. We went to Australia by plane. It was in August. We left Beijing on Aug 3rd. It was winter in Australia. But in Beijing, it was summer. I like there, because I like playing with snow. I went ice-skating there and took many pictures. I bought many presents for my friends, too. I was excited , but I was tired, too. I should relax to go back to school. ( )1. Whom did I go on a big trip with? A. My parents. B. My aunt. ( )2. When was my last trip? A. It was in summer. B. It was in winter. ( )3. What did I do in Australia? A. I went ice-skating and bought presents. B. I played football and ate good food. ( )4. How did I go there? A. I went by subway. B. I went by plane. ( )5. How did I feel in the end ? A.I was excited, but so tired. B.I was so bored. 閱讀理解5：判斷下列句子是否符合短文意思,如符合請(qǐng)打√,否則打. Today is February 3rd. The weather is windy and cold. I get many cards today. They’re birthday cards. They’re from my friends. Can you guess why? I wear my new red coat and blue jeans. They’re very pretty. My mother take me to the zoo.I can see many animals. I’m very happy today. ( ) 1.My birthday is February 3rd. ( ) 2.It’s windy and snowy today. ( ) 3.I can see many trees at the zoo. ( ) 4.I have a new coat. It’s blue. ( ) 5.I have many birthday cards. 閱讀理解6：判斷下列句子意思與短文意思是否相符，用“T”或“F”表示。 Zoom and Zip are good friends. They are planning a trip(旅游). Zip is going to sunny Australia(澳大利亞)! It’s so warm there. He can swim all day. He has a new bathing suit(游泳衣) and sunglasses(太陽鏡). But Zoom doesn’t like swimming. He likes skating. So he is going to Canada, It’s winter there now. He can skate all day. He has winter coats(冬衣) and some new ice skates(滑冰鞋). ( )1.The season in Australia and Canada is the same. ( )2.Zoom and Zip are going to Canada. ( )3. Zoom likes swimming. ( )4.Zip has a new bathing suit and sunglasses. ( )5.Zoom can swim all day in Canada. ( )6.It’s warm in Australia. ( )7.Zoom can skate all day in Canada. 閱讀理解7：判斷短文后面的句子是否正確。 Amy: What day is it today? Tom: It’s Monday. Hmm…I like Monday. Amy: What do you have today? Tom: We have math, science and art. What about you? Amy: We have English and P.E. What do you have tomorrow? Tom: We have art and P.E. tomorrow. Amy: Oh, great. ( ) 1. Tom has math, science and art on Monday. ( ) 2. Tom has art and P.E. on Monday. ( ) 3. Amy has English and P.E. today. ( ) 4. Tomorrow is Tuesday. ( ) 5. Tom doesn’t like Mondays. 閱讀理解8：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正誤。對(duì)的在括號(hào)內(nèi)填“ T ”, 錯(cuò)的填“ F ”. Jim is an English boy. He comes to China with his father and mother. They come here to work. Jim comes here to study. He is in No.5 Middle School. He gets up early every day. He isn’t late for school. He studies hard. He can read English well. He often helps us with our English, and we often help him with his Chinese. After class he likes playing football, swimming, running, jumping and riding. He makes many friends here. We are glad to stay with him. On Sunday he often helps his mother clean the house, mend something or do the shopping. He likes Chinese food very much.。He likes living here. He likes Chinese students very much. We all like him, too. ( )1. He gets up late every day. ( )2. He often teaches us English. ( )3. After class , he likes singing and playing basketball. ( )4. On Sunday he often helps his mother clean the house. ( )5. He doesn’t like Chinese food. 閱讀理解9：判斷下列句子的正誤，正確的寫“T”，錯(cuò)誤的寫“F”。 Liu Tao: Hi, Mike. Nice to see you. Mike: Nice to see you, too. Liu Tao. Liu Tao: What day is it today? Mike: It’s Thursday. What lessons do you have in this morning? Liu Tao: We have Maths, Chinese, Art, and Science. Mike: Oh, I like PE very much. But we don’t have PE today. Liu Tao: We have PE and Computer Studies this afternoon. Mike: Great! Do you like PE? Liu Tao: No, I don’t. I like English very much. Tomorrow we will have an English lesson in the morning. Mike: It’s time for class. Let’s go! ( )1. Liu Tao has PE in the afternoon. ( )2. Liu Tao has six lessons today. ( )3. Liu Tao doesn’t like English. ( )4. Liu Tao will have English lesson on Friday morning. 閱讀理解10： 閱讀短文，回答問題。 Four Good FriendsMary, Nancy, Ron and Kate are good friends. Mary’s favorite number is 3 and her favorite country is France. 16 is Nancy’s number, and America is her favorite country. Ron likes Japan very much. 30 is his favorite number. Whose favorite number is 60? Oh, it is Kate. Kate’s father works in Chinese food very much and they also like Chinese people. Kate’s lucky number is 6. All of them hope that one day they can travel the world together. 1. What’s Mary’s favorite number? _____________________________. 2. What’s Nancy’s favorite country? _____________________________. 3. What’s Kate’s father’s job? _________________________________. 4. Does Kate like Chinese food? ________________________________. 閱讀理解11:閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)問題回答問題。 Look!This is a picture of Mr.Brownt family. The man in a biack coat is Mr.Brown.The woman near him is Mrs.Brown,The little girl in a red coat is Sue. The tall boy behind her is Jim,her brother.The family is now in China.Tomorrow is Childrens Day.MR brown wants to buy some presents for his children. Sue wants a new skirt,but Jim wants a new bike. How happy they are! 1.Whose picture is this? ____________________________________________. 2.Wheres the family now? ____________________________________________. 3.Who is the little girl in a red coat? ____________________________________________. 4.What presents do Mr Browns children want to buy? __________________________________.