初中一語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)【過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)】.doc
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過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 目錄 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)定義 1 過(guò)去進(jìn)行的結(jié)構(gòu) 1 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)誤區(qū)提醒 1 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常見(jiàn)考法 2 四類(lèi)動(dòng)詞不用進(jìn)行時(shí) 2 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別 3 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法詳解 3 初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法動(dòng)詞八種時(shí)態(tài)詳解:過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 4 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)定義 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,或表示過(guò)去某一階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如: I was having a talk with Li Hua at that time. 那時(shí),我正在跟李華談話。 I was watching TV at home last night. 昨晚我一直在看電視。 過(guò)去進(jìn)行的結(jié)構(gòu) 2. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)及句型變化 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)由"was / were + 現(xiàn)在分詞"構(gòu)成。如: I was doing my lessons then. 那時(shí),我在做功課。 We were cleaning the house. 我們?cè)诖驋叻孔印? 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句形式: 肯定句例句:I was walking down the street when a UFO landed. 否定句例句:I wasnt walking down the street when a UFO landed. 一般疑問(wèn)句例句:Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed? 特殊疑問(wèn)句例句:What were you doing when a UFO landed? 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)誤區(qū)提醒 誤區(qū)提醒 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)分,可能是同學(xué)們頭疼的地方。大家可以記住以下四條; 1、一般過(guò)去時(shí)往往表示某一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成,而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作在持續(xù)或未完成。(延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞) She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚給朋友寫(xiě)了封信。 (信寫(xiě)完了) She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在給朋友寫(xiě)信。(信不一定寫(xiě)完) 2、一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示只做一次動(dòng)作,而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作反復(fù)地進(jìn)行。(短暫性動(dòng)詞) She waved to me. 她朝我揮了揮手。 3、句中有a moment ago之類(lèi)的籠統(tǒng)的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)一般用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 4、句中有at this time last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之類(lèi)的具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 典型例題:I ______ (write) a letter at ten last night. 解析:所給的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)at ten last nigh“昨天晚上十點(diǎn)鐘”是具體的過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻,所以應(yīng)該用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 答案:was writing 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常見(jiàn)考法 常見(jiàn)考法 對(duì)于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的考查,多以單選、詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用或完形填空的形式考查學(xué)生在具體語(yǔ)境中靈活運(yùn)用時(shí)態(tài)的能力。在考試中,會(huì)讓大家判斷是否該用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 典型例題1:Mary a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 解析:割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)。同時(shí),when表時(shí)間的同時(shí)性,表示“割傷手指”的時(shí)候“瑪麗做衣服”的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,它提供事情發(fā)生的背景,因此用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 答案C. 四類(lèi)動(dòng)詞不用進(jìn)行時(shí) 英語(yǔ)中有四類(lèi)動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)(不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)) 1)表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動(dòng)詞,如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等,若用進(jìn)行時(shí)則詞意改變。 2)表存在、狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞,如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等 3)表感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞,如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等. 4)表一時(shí)性的動(dòng)詞,如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等。 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別 (1) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行或持續(xù),而一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的完成。如: He was writing his composition last night. 他昨晚在寫(xiě)作文。(不一定寫(xiě)完) He wrote his composition last night. 他昨晚寫(xiě)了一篇作文。(已經(jīng)寫(xiě)完) (2) 表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)、感覺(jué)及心理活動(dòng)的靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞(如be, like, love, hate, fear, own, hear, see, know, want, notice)可用于一般過(guò)去時(shí),但通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。如: I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food. 我討厭人們說(shuō)話時(shí)口里含著食物。 (3) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)與always, constantly, forever, continually等連用,表示"過(guò)去經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作";而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與always, constantly, forever, continually等連用,表示動(dòng)作的重復(fù),常帶有感****彩。如: He always got up at six. 他過(guò)去總是六點(diǎn)起床。 He was always thinking of his work. 他總是一心想到工作。 (4) 有時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以用來(lái)替換一般過(guò)去時(shí),但一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示主語(yǔ)的行為是經(jīng)過(guò)認(rèn)真考慮的;而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一種較隨便或沒(méi)有進(jìn)行仔細(xì)考慮的行為。如: I thought that he would agree with us. 我原以為它會(huì)同意我們的。 I was thinking of persuading him to follow my advice. 我想到了要說(shuō)服他接受我們的建議。 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法詳解 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法詳解 (1) 表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,此時(shí)句中往往有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)then,at that time,this time,yesterday等。 I was doing my homework when my mother came to home. (2)敘述在過(guò)去的同一時(shí)間都在進(jìn)行的幾個(gè)動(dòng)作,通常用While I was studying at college while my brother was teaching at university.. (3)表示在過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 They were expecting you yesterday, but you didnt turn up. 初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法動(dòng)詞八種時(shí)態(tài)詳解:過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 主要表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)上正在發(fā)生、進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。由于它的定義是表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)上正在發(fā)生、進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,所以,句子常帶有一個(gè)表示“過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)”的狀語(yǔ)。這個(gè)狀語(yǔ)可能是短語(yǔ),詞組,或是一個(gè)從句。也可能是通過(guò)上下文來(lái)表達(dá)這層意思。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)主要用于下面的情景中: 1)表示在過(guò)去某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,例如: At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp.昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候,我正在收拾東西去露營(yíng)。 When I came to see her last time, she was writing an article.上次我來(lái)看她的時(shí)候,她正在寫(xiě)一篇文章。 What were you doing at eight last night ? 昨晚八點(diǎn)鐘你在做什么? 2)用于故事的開(kāi)頭,交代故事發(fā)生的背景情況。 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)所描述的動(dòng)作是“正在進(jìn)行”,所以,在這種情景中用“過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)”可以給讀者一種“動(dòng)感”,從而能使文章更加生動(dòng)活潑。例如: One night, he was typing in his study . Suddenly , a man broke into his house and cut off the electricity ….一天晚上,他正在書(shū)房里打字。突然,一個(gè)人闖進(jìn)屋來(lái),切斷了電源…… 3)(僅限少數(shù)動(dòng)詞)表示在過(guò)去的未來(lái)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如: When National Day was coming near , they began to make a plan for the holiday .國(guó)慶節(jié)即將來(lái)臨的時(shí)候,他們開(kāi)始制訂度假計(jì)劃。 She told me that she was going to Hainan for her holiday. 她告訴我她將去海南度假。 My friend said to me that he was lunching with one of his customers that day .我朋友對(duì)我說(shuō),他今天要與他的一位客戶一塊兒吃午飯。 We left there when its getting dark. 天快黑的時(shí)候,我們離開(kāi)了那兒。- 1.請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀文檔,確保文檔完整性,對(duì)于不預(yù)覽、不比對(duì)內(nèi)容而直接下載帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題本站不予受理。
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