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滑移式裝載機機械結(jié)構(gòu)設計
摘要
滑移式裝載機是利用兩側(cè)車輪線速度差而實現(xiàn)車輛轉(zhuǎn)向的,采用輪式行走機構(gòu),全輪驅(qū)動,滑移轉(zhuǎn)向,可于作業(yè)現(xiàn)場隨機快速更換或掛接各種附件,以適應不同的工作環(huán)境和作業(yè)內(nèi)容,滿足不同的作業(yè)內(nèi)容,具體類型非常多樣化。滑移式裝載機最大的特點是整機外形尺寸小,可實現(xiàn)原地轉(zhuǎn)向,可在作業(yè)線程隨機快速更換或掛接各種工作裝置。
本文通過對滑移裝載機現(xiàn)狀、工作裝置、行走裝置、等方面的研究,對以下本內(nèi)容進行了分析和設計:
(1)介紹了現(xiàn)有滑移式裝載機的種類和結(jié)構(gòu)形式: 常見的滑移裝載機的結(jié)構(gòu)形式為單臂式滑移裝載機和雙臂式滑移裝載機;常見的結(jié)構(gòu)形式有四連桿機構(gòu)、六連桿機構(gòu)和八連桿機構(gòu)等。
(2)對滑移裝載機的工作裝置進行了重點的分析和設計:分析了常見的工作裝置的機構(gòu)類型,確定了各個鉸點的位置以及四連桿機構(gòu)中各連桿的長度,對液壓油缸進行了設計計算。
(3)對滑移式裝載機的底盤進行了研究設計:設計了滑移裝載機的機架,確定了輪轂與機架的連接方式,選取了符合要求的液壓馬達。
(4)通過對滑移式裝載機現(xiàn)狀的分析,提出了對現(xiàn)有的滑移式裝載機的結(jié)構(gòu)等方面的改進方法:對現(xiàn)有的滑移裝載機的部分結(jié)構(gòu)進行了分析和改進,提出了自己的一些新的設計思路。
關鍵詞:滑移式裝載機,現(xiàn)狀,工作裝置,底盤,改進
Mechanical Structure Design of the Skid Steer Loader
Abstract
Sliding type of wheel loader is on both sides of the linear difference and realize the vehicle steering wheel, the mobile mechanism, all wheel drive, slip, can be used from the homework to random replaced rapidly or articulated various accessories, in order to adapt to the different work environment and the work content, meet different work content, concrete types is very diverse. Sliding type loader the biggest characteristic is the appearance of small size, may realize the in situ to, can be in homework thread random replaced rapidly or to hook up all kinds of work device.
This article through to slip loader present condition, device, walk device, etc, to the following this content has carried on the analysis and design.
(1) Introducing existing sliding type of the loader types and structure: common sliding of the loader structure form for single arm type sliding loader and arms type sliding loaders; The structure of the common form has four bar linkage, six linkage mechanism and eight linkage mechanism, etc.
(2) The sliding of the loader working device the focus of the analysis and design: analysis of the common work device, and the types of institutions all hinge point position and four bar linkage of connecting rod length of each of the hydraulic oil cylinder, the designing calculation.
(3) The loader to slip type chassis study design : the design of the loader sliding, and the wheel and the frame of the connection mode, the selection of the requirements of the hydraulic motor.
(4) To slip through the analysis of the present situation of loader, puts forward the existing sliding type of the loader, and other aspects of the structure improvement methods: for existing sliding loader part of the structure analysis and improvement, and proposes some new design ideas.
Keywords: sliding type loader ,working device ,chassis , improvement status
目 錄
摘要---------------------------------------------------------------I
Abstract-----------------------------------------------------------II
第一章 緒論---------------------------------------------------------1
1.1 引言-------------------------------------------------------1
1.2 滑移裝載機簡介---------------------------------------------1
1.3 滑移式裝載機的常見結(jié)構(gòu)形式---------------------------------1
1.3 .1 單臂式滑移裝載機------------------------------------1
1.3 .2 雙臂式滑移裝載機------------------------------------2
1.4 滑移裝載機機械機構(gòu)設計概述----------------------------------2
1.4.1 裝載機工作裝置作業(yè)流程-------------------------------2
1.4.2 基本參數(shù)確定-----------------------------------------2
1.4.3 技術要求---------------------------------------------2
1.5 本章小結(jié)----------------------------------------------------3
第二章 總體方案的確定----------------------------------------------4
2.1 發(fā)動機------------------------------------------------------4
2.2 傳動系統(tǒng)----------------------------------------------------4
2.3 工作裝置----------------------------------------------------4
2.4 車架--------------------------------------------------------4
2.5 液壓系統(tǒng)----------------------------------------------------4
2.6 駕駛室------------------------------------------------------4
2.7 本章小結(jié)----------------------------------------------------4
第三章 滑移裝載機工作裝置設計---------------------------------------5
3.1 裝載機工作裝置設計要求--------------------------------------6
3.2 工作裝置各部分設計------------------------------------------6
3.2.1 鏟斗設計----------------------------------------------6
3.2.1.1 鏟斗設計要求------------------------------------6
3.2.1.2 鏟斗結(jié)構(gòu)形式的選擇------------------------------6
3.2.1.3 鏟斗基本參數(shù)的確定------------------------------6
3.2.2 動臂設計----------------------------------------------8
3.2.2.1 動臂鉸點的確定---------------------------------8
3.2.2.2 動臂長度---------------------------------------8
3.2.2.3 鏟斗快換裝置的設計------------------------------9
3.2.2.4四連桿機構(gòu)的確定:-------------------------------9
3.2.2.5 動臂的形狀與結(jié)構(gòu)--------------------------------9
3.2.3油缸的計算與選擇:------------------------------------10
3.2.3.1 插入阻力的計算------------------------------10
3.2.3.2 鏟起阻力的計算------------------------------11
3.2.3.3 轉(zhuǎn)斗阻力矩的計算----------------------------11
3.3 本章小結(jié)---------------------------------------------------11
第四章 行走裝置的設計----------------------------------------------13
4.1 底盤概述---------------------------------------------------13
4.2 底盤結(jié)構(gòu)設計-----------------------------------------------13
4.3 行走裝置參數(shù)的確定-----------------------------------------14
4.4 減速箱的選擇-----------------------------------------------14
4.5 本章小結(jié)---------------------------------------------------14
第五章 整機部分機械結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化設計----------------------------------15
5.1 使用新型底盤-----------------------------------------------15
5.2 設計新的鏟斗快換裝置---------------------------------------15
5.3 采用新型后開機罩-------------------------------------------15
第六章 滑移裝載機穩(wěn)定性計算---------------------------------------16
6.1 穩(wěn)定比K的校核---------------------------------------------16
6.2 穩(wěn)定度i的校核---------------------------------------------16
6.3 穩(wěn)定性的計算-----------------------------------------------16
6.3.1 縱向穩(wěn)定性的計算-------------------------------------16
6.3.2 橫向穩(wěn)定性的計算-------------------------------------17
6.4 行駛速度v的校核-------------------------------------------17
6.5 本章小結(jié)---------------------------------------------------18
總結(jié)---------------------------------------------------------------19
謝辭---------------------------------------------------------------20
參考文獻-----------------------------------------------------------21
IV
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