折疊式自行車的整體設(shè)計(jì)7張CAD圖
折疊式自行車的整體設(shè)計(jì)7張CAD圖,折疊式,自行車,整體,設(shè)計(jì),CAD
設(shè)計(jì)（XX）任務(wù)書
Ⅰ、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）題目：
折疊式自行車的整體設(shè)計(jì)
Ⅱ、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）工作內(nèi)容（從專業(yè)知識(shí)的綜合運(yùn)用、論文框架的設(shè)計(jì)、文獻(xiàn)
資料的收集和應(yīng)用、觀點(diǎn)創(chuàng)新等方面詳細(xì)說(shuō)明）：
1) 了解可折疊自行車的折疊原理與機(jī)構(gòu)，了解現(xiàn)在折疊自行車的結(jié)構(gòu)。
2) 完成可折疊自行車的總休結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。
3) 完成可折疊自行車折疊機(jī)構(gòu)的動(dòng)態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)，畫出相應(yīng)的平面圖與立體圖。
4) 動(dòng)態(tài)仿真，設(shè)計(jì)好所有尺寸，并完成畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)書。
Ⅲ、進(jìn)度安排：
2014 年 10 月 20 日～2014 年 11 月 9 日（3 周）：選擇題目，收集材料，聯(lián)系落實(shí)畢業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)單位，填寫畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書；
2014 年 11 月 10 日～2014 年 12 月 7 日（4 周）：布置任務(wù)，明確目標(biāo)、制定計(jì)劃，確定初步畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)方案；
2014 年 12 月 8 日～2015 年 1 月 4 日（4 周）：深化初步方案，結(jié)合畢業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)加深對(duì)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)方案的認(rèn)識(shí)；
2015 年 1 月 5 日～2015 年 1 月 16 日（2 周）：學(xué)生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)方案進(jìn)一步完善；
2015 年 1 月 17 日～2015 年 3 月 1 日（6 周）：繼續(xù)前期工作；
2015 年 3 月 2 日～2015 年 5 月 17 日（11 周）：學(xué)生全部返校，進(jìn)行畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算、繪圖，編制畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書，完成畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)工作任務(wù)（2015 年 3 月 30 日～2015年4 月 5 日接受學(xué)校畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)期中檢查）；
2015 年 5 月 18 日～2015 年 5 月 31 日（2 周）：畢業(yè)成果預(yù)提交、修改、評(píng)閱、答辯。
Ⅳ、主要參考資料：
[1] 陳憲春，朱志偉，陳淑紅.折疊自行車設(shè)計(jì)研究[J].包裝工程，2007（08）
[2] 蔣旻昱，折疊自行車設(shè)計(jì)探討[J].包裝工程，2010（10）
[3] 謝進(jìn)，萬(wàn)朝燕，杜立杰主編[M]. 機(jī)械原理 . 北京：高等教育出版社，2004 [4] 邱宣懷等編著 . 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)[M]. 北京：高等教育出版社，2009
[5] 盧耀祖等. 機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)[M].上海：同濟(jì)大學(xué)出版社，2004 [6] 折疊式自行車折疊器的設(shè)計(jì)_梁莉 黃曉如 深圳大學(xué)機(jī)電與控制工程學(xué)院機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)與研究 2007 年?？?
[7] 折疊自行車設(shè)計(jì)研究_程憲春等 中圖分類號(hào)TB17 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼A 文章編號(hào)1001-3563[2007]07-0161-03
[8] 自行車折疊設(shè)計(jì)探討研究_鄧衛(wèi)斌 黃景明 湖北工業(yè)大學(xué) 中圖分類號(hào) TM5文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A 文章編號(hào) 1672-3791(2010)11(a)-0245-01
[9] Save the Earth One Trip at a Time falseAlvord, Katie. The Progressive 74/75. 12/1 (Dec 2010/Jan 2011): 22-23.
[10] Soundings: Getting about: BMJ BMJ Trisha Greenhalgh, general practitioner, London Copyright British Medical Association Nov 14, 1998 [11] An inspired departure on two wheels: Paul Taylor finds a new folding bike is to his liking Taylor, Paul.Financial Times [London (UK)] 09 May 1998: 11.
指導(dǎo)教師：（簽名： ）， 年 月 日
學(xué)生姓名：（簽名： ），專業(yè)年級(jí)：
系負(fù)責(zé)人審核意見（從選題是否符合專業(yè)培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)、是否結(jié)合科研或工程實(shí)際、綜合訓(xùn)
練程度、內(nèi)容難度及工作量等方面加以審核）：
專業(yè)負(fù)責(zé)人簽字： ， 年 月 日
Article ID: 1006-2343 (2014) 06-161-05
A new digital design chainless folding bike
. Wen Xia 1,2, the town was clear 3 (1 School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College, Sanming, Fujian Sanming 365004, E-mail: wenxia_wen@163.com; 2 Sanming Mechanical CAD Engineering Research Center, Fujian Sanming 365000; 3 Fujian River sanitary technology. Ltd., Quanzhou, Fujian 510641)
Excerpts:
Since entering the 21st century, with the development of China's social modernization, motorcycles, cars and other vehicles into people's lives, bike suddenly seemed to fade out of people's vision. However, in recent years, with the acceleration of the rapid development of China's economy and the urbanization process, the car caused large numbers of urban traffic congestion, noise, air pollution, caused cervical disease self-driving and other issues, life is so fast-paced lack of exercise opportunities for people, people's life philosophy also will change, low carbon environmental protection, green and healthy living people aspire to become. Chainless folding bike because of its environmental, health, entertainment and convenience advantages again by people of all ages. The new chainless folding bike with the idea of ??change in modern urban life and design a set of green, fitness, entertainment, fashion, convenient, lightweight and features for the new vehicle integration. Follow humanized design concept of the times, giving beauty, fashion, full of fun and energy, the core of its design is the "people-oriented", bike design, optimization has become an eternal theme.
1 The birth and development of the status quo a chainless folding bike
1.1 Birth and development of the bicycle
1818 young German for Lin Rende Royce pioneered bicycle front wheel can turn. 1858 Scotland Dunlop developed the pneumatic tires for bicycles, bicycle greatly enhanced damping performance, so that the rider's ride comfort is more improved. Coupled with the pipe structure, coupled with bell, stand, lights and other components, front and rear wheels to as large as the 19th century structure on the basic sound of the bike [3]. Cycling into the lives of ordinary people began through mass production, people's lives convenient, fast means of transport. As people's living standards improve, and enhance the health of low-carbon green environmental awareness, because the development of the new bike is not a motor vehicle transport is reduced. But now the urban traffic congestion, parking lot at the area is obviously insufficient, parked vehicle has been recognized as a global problem, but in our country, harder than the vehicle is parked bicycles parked problem [4]. The city's streets, sidewalks occupied parking situation is serious, bike theft is widespread. Simple structure, lightweight, fast, portable folding bike can be a good solution to these problems.
1.2 Developments and changes in the transmission mechanism bike
Since the advent of the bicycle, preclude the use of the main transmission mechanism is mainly sprocket and gear agencies. Structure and properties of these drive mechanism limits further improve the conversion efficiency of the bicycle performance and power, the bicycle transmission mechanism to improve the performance of the bicycle has become a major human bottleneck [5]. Chain drive, with a simple to manufacture, installation, maintenance and easy to replace, etc., but the presence of a chain drive easily tarnish clothing, take off the chain, the transmission efficiency is not high shortcomings, and chain transmission structure requires a large space, quality emphasis, does not meet the Lightweight, compact, easy to fold and other issues. Choate 2005 Beijing Bicycle Co., Ltd. After years of development, to market an invention won the national patent rights chainless bicycle gear lever [6], with the same chain of drive-in motion circumference, space is too large. 2012 designed by Kan Fai chainless bicycle gear bevel gear [7], and the national patent applications, achieved without chain drive, but only for the transformation of the original design of the bicycle chain. 2009 Bo Yunfeng Huaiyin Institute of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering, who designed a four with no chain drive mechanism leveraged bike [5], the application of the principles of leverage and gearing, combined with a four-link trajectory effectively lengthen the process of movement of the lever arm length, the vertical angle is increased, improving the energy conversion efficiency. However, more complex structure, the transmission mechanism is not suitable for folding bike design.
2 The new chainless folding bike design
The new 2.1-free chain drive is compact and lightweight for the current status of the bicycle transmission structure for folding bike design needs, developing a ratchet-free bicycle chain drive mechanism, to avoid the traditional leveraged chainless drive, compact, lightweight fit folding characteristics of its transmission principle have been elaborated in the transmission mechanism design.
2.2 has good damping properties of the design structure of human design focus is on comfort on the bike stand rod bracket is designed to realize the process of moving the spring elastic buffer, greatly improved ride comfort, design structure of the spring bracket.
2.3 gear Ratchet-free chain drive mechanism, compact, easy folding bicycle chain drive from the traditional chain sprockets, chains and flywheel consists of three parts, its disadvantage is that: ① riding off the chain process will qualify , chain scission, clip pants, dirty underwear lubricant cross-flow phenomena, ② using chain cover, such as when you slide down the chain from the sprocket or flywheel, reinstall very difficult. ③ larger diameter sprockets, chain drive mechanism resulting in large volume, structure compact enough unsightly appearance of the folded structure design difficult.
The new folding bike which uses no chain drive ratchet, concentrated in the rear part of the body using two ratchet, four bevel gears and pedal asynchronous reciprocating movement to achieve transmission, rear-wheel design large, and the front wheel diameter design smaller, thus making the vehicle is small, compact and easy to fold.
2.4 full selection of application of new materials, light weight
Use of data mining principles [8], to determine the size of the main structural member of the bicycle frame, the frame material is improved, can be aluminum, titanium, magnesium alloy, carbon fiber, etc., so that the carriage lighter, higher strength. In the new technology, the main research direction is to use the least amount of material to achieve a higher mechanical strength, for example, using a variable cross-section of the pipe and sheet material to replace the original one interface, making the bike more reliable, less use of materials.
Which novel non-chain folding bicycle frame design made of aluminum alloy 6061T6 materials, aluminum light weight, plasticity, high rigidity, high resistance to oxidation, and other advantages, although the cost will be compared to traditional high-carbon steel frame is expensive, However, the manufacture of the frame in the shape of a great change in the space can be optimized algorithm by digital design software, optimized to save manufacturing costs.
2.5 Design of the folding process is simple, fast, easy to carry
Folded or unfolded form needs rational design of products in order to better achieve its design appeal. In the folding bike design process, as a folding bike designed as a structured shape, efforts by its gearing folded can hide inside, this design not only meet the needs of aesthetics, while this shape easier to carry. Which chainless folding bike design fully reflects humane, simple and convenient, folding time should be completed within ten seconds, otherwise it will lose popularity and practicality.
3 vehicle structural design and implementation of digital
Digital design is an advanced design ideas, but also set a variety of excellent design tools for the integration of design platform [9]. Industrial design approach iNPD (integrated New Product Development) technologies which achieve the new chainless folding bike design.
3.1 The new chainless folding mechanism design which drive new non-folding bike rear chain drive mechanism uses two ratchet pawl, a small ratchet, ratchet shaft, bearings and crank pedal lever to achieve the main components of the drive, then wheel mechanism driving principle diagram shown in Figure 5, after its claw rotating shaft rotating drive mechanism, since the rear axle and rear rigid connection, thereby achieving rotate the rear wheel. Ratchet ratchet ring gear can be achieved in one direction (the structure shown in Figure 3), the internal use of four bevel gears meshing with each other to achieve asynchronous transmission. While meshing with each other through an internal bevel gear drive conversion kick lever crank achieve asynchronous operation, since the principle of movement: by foot and down reciprocating ratchet drive rotation speed ratchet spine through traffic movement by foot lever to lift the maximum angle, wheel radius and reciprocating with a cycle time and other factors, the use of disc brakes device to achieve, better braking, braking, friction brake pads 16 after 15 after stepping achieve brakes brakes brake, brake pads and then after wheels and bushings are rigidly connected, enabling the rear brake.
3.2 Design of new chainless folding bike folding methods currently used classification folding bike can be divided into: ① folding frame rails (to fold), front and rear folding fork ② ③ ④ folding seat tube shaped frame Folding frame ⑤A-BIKE folding stack, such as several folding [11]. Which no chain folding bike design emphasis on folding front fork, retain the wheels dragging; the shorter the frame at the bottom of the rod holder design spring damping device size, easy to fold, the rigidity of the spring cushion increase ride comfort; and considering a combination of factors to meet the reasonable structure, stylish appearance, easy to fold, easy to carry, suitable appeared in the subway, office, campus and other occasions.
Which no chain folding bike folding steps are divided into: ① before lever 4 is designed to be telescopic pole, the first contraction shorter when folded down, and then around the frame and the frame 6 bar one junction down before rotating to 4 and 6 pole flush with the frame, making the ferry is located just above the large round; ② rotating seat and seat post 9 in a straight line, and then rotated into the frame along with a bar, a complete folding. Folding only retains the big wheels drag function, but also to retain the use of the function at the top of the handle. Folding step is simple, clever, less than 1/3 of the original volume.
Folding bike
Innovative Design and Research
Man | Peter Yan
(Huanggang Polytechnic College Huanggang 438002)
Excerpts:
1 Origin and development of a folding bike
Folding bikes are in the 1930s in Europe originated in military use, along with an increase in the popularity of cars and urban population and developed. In recent years due to the use of a variety of new materials, new technologies and structural innovation, so that smaller, lighter, more durable [2].
Currently, the market selling a wide variety of bicycles, such as road cycling, mountain biking,? Bicycle tour, many of the bikes are an obvious problem, is very inconvenient to carry, which will undoubtedly bring trouble to the user, especially in the The rapid development of the times. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a simple, flexible, easy to store transport.
The development direction of the bike is lightweight design, personalized, functional, easy-oriented, style diversification? Bike series will be more rapid development? And the formation of high, medium and low-grade multi-pattern,? Especially folding bike Our most potential and achieve world-leading products. Generally there are folding folding frame folding riser joints and joint configuration, by folding frame, the front folded two rounds together, can reduce the length of about 45%. After folding the vehicle chassis and the board can be placed inside the folded package, as well as inside the trunk of the car. In the folding process of using external tools do not need the help, self-Deployable car by hand, self-folding. After folding, for the support to make the car can stand steady through the seatpost. Folding bike comfortable to carry and easy to use, after a series of products developed? Great potential.
Advantage 2 folding bike
As a short bike means of transport, with other modes of transport irreplaceable function, and folding bike is more advantageous than a bicycle.
Benefits:
1) long life. Cycling on the outdoor sun and rain, severe aging body, it is placed in a public place is a big headache. When they have folding bikes, folding bikes can easily at home, office, car trunk, do not worry about the wind and sun and rain to reduce its service life.
2) Small size, easy to store. By folding folding folding bike, front and rear wheels together, you can reduce the length of about 50%, portable, collection, but also security.
3) practical and convenient. Folding bike set transportation, recreation, sports in one. Can be used for transport trips, can be placed in a car trunk, can enjoy the convenience of the car when the outing, on the outskirts of the idyllic but also enjoy the fun of riding.
4) riding easy, simple and easy to adjust, men and women ages.
5) environmental health. Like a car does not use non-renewable resources, foldable bicycles on air pollution. Now people while lack of exercise, exercise bike can be appropriate.
6) romantic fashion. Folding bike with bright colors, with a sense of visual impact, but also lighter than the average bike, put upstairs, on the elevator, on the bus, subway,? Not strenuous,? Is the perfect companion for public transport.
3 folding bike design direction
A good folding bike design and processing requirements will be higher than normal on the two-wheeled bike, you want to weigh the factors and requirements to achieve a lot, the following are important considerations in mind:
1)? Light weight, small size, saving energy.
2)? The mechanical properties of the material better, afraid of being squeezed, which is to be placed in the car folding bike car, folding bike on it will hold other items, will not be leaving because of the weight of the bicycle deformation.
3) ride comfort, large adjustment range, may be suitable for different groups of people.
4) riding speed. Asked its transmission gear ratio and the popular bike difference
5) fold, unfold and convenient. Should not be too hard, you can achieve in ten seconds to a minute to start folding. In the portable folding process, to ensure that it can be folded and unfolded quickly to protect the rider in different sections on folding folding and unfolding smoothly.
6) require high safety factor. With stable performance, high requirements for locking devices.
7) stylish.
4 folding bike design
Since the invention folding bike, it was constantly trying to put some folding bikes made smaller, less some space. Various forms of folding bike after another, what their profile, a wide range of folding beam is folded or collapsed, the front and rear wheels are folded together, will reduce the seat, handlebar side. Although this method is to achieve a folded to reduce the area of ??the body. But the obvious deficiencies, poor fold effect of this design, and the need to tow the line, bring inconvenience for folding, it has little significance.
And this innovative bike bold design into a single fork, creating the environment for folding the front wheels. Folding handlebar and vertical rod effectively reduces floor space after folding the body, front and rear folding body placed in a crescent-shaped fold coincidence tricyclic complete results. It is a novel, simple and unique structure, capable of single-folded and unfolded, portable and easy to use three circles (front wheel, rear wheel, crescent-shaped semi-circular body frame) folding bike.
5 Market outlook
With the improvement of people's living standards,? Health and environmental awareness,? Bicycle will not develop other means of transport is reduced. As a short bike means of transport, with other modes of transport irreplaceable function. It became office workers, students, car owners, the elderly fashion choices, will bring good social and economic benefits [3] ?. According to the experience of developed countries bike development perspective, China is in rapid economic development opportunities and a lot of cars began to enter the family stage, the bicycle industry is about to usher in change, folding bike is its unique advantages, in line with the development of future traffic demand, this seems folding bike Prospect in China is very broad.
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