2022高考英語(yǔ)一輪達(dá)標(biāo) Unit 1 A land of diversity練題（含解析）新人教版選修8

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1、2022高考英語(yǔ)一輪達(dá)標(biāo) Unit 1 A land of diversity練題（含解析）新人教版選修8 一、閱讀理解。 As my husband，Doug，stood on the busy New York city street trying to stop a cab, I angled the stroller(嬰兒車(chē))away from the cold December wind and rain.I knelt down and kissed my daughter on her cheek where veins crept up(靜脈突出)the side of h

2、er tiny face. Frustrated and wet，my husband gave up his attempt to flag down a cab.I knew the feeling.Just after her first birthday，our daughter Katie was diagnosed with a rare brain disorder.Since that moment，Doug and I felt like runners in a marathon race where the finish line kept disappearing.W

3、e knew Katie was running out of time.It had taken months before we finally had a name for the disorder，vein of Galen malformation，but we were told only a handful of specialists in the world were qualified to perform the precise surgeries.Now，as we finally found a brilliant doctor to save our girl，we

4、 were trapped in a strange city in the cold rain. Just at the moment，a middle-aged woman pulled over and said，“Pardon me？May I offer you a ride？” Before we could say anything，she continued，“It's really no trouble for me.Just get on.” It was then that I noticed her thick Irish tongue，an accent tha

5、t warmed me like hot soup. We could simply say，“Thanks！Roosevelt Hospital，please，” and settled in her car for the ride. I don't know how she knew，maybe she noticed the veins and asked，“Are you going for the baby？” I nodded my head，choking back a tiny sob. At the hospital we thanked her a dozen t

6、imes for the ride.The woman hugged me and I noticed her face was wet with tears in worry.She promised to pray for us before she left. After three more visits to New York and two more brain surgeries，Katie is cured.But the voice of the Irish Angel still rang as a constant reminder of a tiny ray of l

7、ight that appeared on our darkest days. 1．What were the family doing on the street? A．Watching a marathon race. B．Protecting their daughter from cold. C．Trying to ride a taxi. D．Playing with their daughter. 2．What was the trouble with Katie's illness? A．It was a terrible brain cancer. B．It w

8、as impossible to be cured. C．It was hard to name the disease. D．Its surgeries were hard to perform. 3．Why was the woman driver in tears when leaving? A．Because she knew the girl had run out of time. B．Because she had sympathy for the family's misfortune. C．Because the family promised to pray f

9、or her. D．Because there were veins on the little girl's face. 4．What's the best title for this passage? A．An Irish Angel in New York B．An Adventure in New York C．An Angel of Roosevelt Hospital D．An Unforgettable Cab Ride 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。作者的女兒患了一種罕見(jiàn)的腦紊亂，可世上能做這種精準(zhǔn)手術(shù)的醫(yī)生屈指可數(shù)。作者一家來(lái)到紐約求醫(yī)，卻在雨天打不到出租車(chē)。

10、后來(lái)在一名素不相識(shí)的帶有愛(ài)爾蘭口音的好心人的幫助下趕到了醫(yī)院。最終經(jīng)過(guò)幾次手術(shù)女兒康復(fù)了。 長(zhǎng)難句分析：It had taken months before we finally had a name for the disorder, vein of Galen malformation，but we were told only a handful of specialists in the world were qualified to perform the precise surgeries.(第二段倒數(shù)第二句) 譯文：過(guò)了幾個(gè)月我們才最終得知這個(gè)病的名字是Galen靜脈畸形，但

11、是世上能夠具備做這種精準(zhǔn)手術(shù)資歷的醫(yī)生屈指可數(shù)。 詞匯積累：frustrated adj.沮喪的，絕望的 precise adj.精準(zhǔn)的 a handful of一小部分，少量的 1．C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“trying to stop a cab”及第二段第一句“Frustrated and wet，my husband gave up his attempt to flag down a cab.”可知，他們?cè)诮诸^努力打一輛出租車(chē)。故選C。 2．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句中的“but we were told only a handful of specia

12、lists in the world were qualified to perform the precise surgeries”可知，治療Katie的病的手術(shù)很難做。故選D。 3．B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二、三句“The woman hugged me and I noticed her face was wet with tears in worry.She promised to pray for us before she left.”可推知，這位女司機(jī)了解了孩子的病情后，對(duì)這一家人的不幸遭遇表示同情。故選B。 4．A　標(biāo)題概括題?？v觀全文，從開(kāi)頭描寫(xiě)在紐約街頭作者一家

13、攔車(chē)無(wú)果到最后孩子的得救，中間的一個(gè)核心人物就是素不相識(shí)的愛(ài)爾蘭女人。在作者夫婦眼中，這個(gè)女人就是他們的天使。故“紐約的愛(ài)爾蘭天使”符合題意。故選A。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．They are likely ________ (fire) by the pany just because of their fault. 答案：to be fired　Sb. be likely to do sth. “某人可能做某事”。主語(yǔ)they與fire之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)填不定式的被動(dòng)形式。 2．The majority of the interviewees ________ (prefer)

14、 watching TV at home to going to the cinema. 答案：prefer　the majority of ... 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與of后的名詞保持一致。由interviewees可知謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 3．It suddenly occurred ________ him that he should adopt the homeless child. 答案：to　It (suddenly) occurred/occurs to sb. that ... “某人突然想起某事”。 4．Whoever breaks the school ru

15、les will surely receive ________ (punish)． 答案：punishment　句中動(dòng)詞receive后缺賓語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)填名詞punishment作賓語(yǔ)。 5．We should not have ________ (race) discrimination. 答案：racial　句中缺少一形容詞來(lái)修飾名詞discrimination, 故填racial “種族的”。 6．She became the first black woman ________ (elect) to the Senate. 答案：to be elected　當(dāng)名詞或代詞前有序數(shù)

16、詞或最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，則常用動(dòng)詞不定式來(lái)充當(dāng)其后置定語(yǔ)，且elect與black woman之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填to be elected。 7．He couldn't express himself correctly ________ means of words. 答案：by　by means of ... “借助于；用……；通過(guò)……方法”。 8．She ________ (slip) out of the house before the others were awake. 答案：slipped　句意：她趁別人還沒(méi)醒，溜出了房子。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知該空為句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由從句中動(dòng)詞

17、時(shí)態(tài)were可知，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 9．________ (hire) a car, you must produce a passport and a current driving license. 答案：To hire　句意：若想租車(chē)，你需要出示護(hù)照及當(dāng)前駕照。此處用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。 10．By the time she knew the news, John ________ (fly) to America. 答案：had flown　由By the time引導(dǎo)的從句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)可知，主句應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故應(yīng)填had flown。 三、完形填空。 Ten

18、 years ago，a doctor told me something was wrong with my lung and I had to give up work at once and went to bed.I was totally __1__ and felt I was suddenly placed under __2__ of death with an indefinite reprieve(緩刑)．After careful thought，I __3__ my affairs；then I went home and got into bed.But 2 year

19、s later，I left my bed and __4__ the long climb back.It was another year __5__ I made it. I speak of this experience because these past years have __6__ me what to value and what to believe.I __7__ now that this world is not my oyster(牡蠣)to be opened but my __8__ to be grasped. I've also learned th

20、at it's necessary to __9__ those little，all-important things I never thought I would __10__ before：the music of the wind in my favorite pine tree，the __11__ of sunlight on running water.I seem now，with some of the __12__ freshness of childhood，to hear and see.How well，__13__，I recall the touch of th

21、e earth the day I first stepped upon it after the years in bed.It was like __14__ one's citizenship in a world one had nearly lost. Frequently，I __15__ myself that I need make notes of this __16__.I'm living in now，because in it I'm well，__17__，doing what I like best.It won't always be like this，__

22、18__ I'll make the most of it and be grateful.I __19__ all this to that long time spent in bed.Wiser people e to this __20__ without having to acquire it the hard way.But I wasn't wise enough.I'm wiser now，a little，and happier. 1．A.confused　　　　　B．shocked C．determined D．a(chǎn)nnoyed 2．A.trial

23、 B．pressure C．sentence D．control 3．A.made up B．set up C．took up D．cleared up 4．A.recalled B．began C．a(chǎn)voided D．a(chǎn)ccepted 5．A.when B．a(chǎn)fter C．since D．before 6．A.assigned B．taught C．treated D．a(chǎn)ssured 7．A.adm

24、it B．demand C．expect D．realize 8．A.knowledge B．opportunity C．a(chǎn)ttention D．point 9．A.dismiss B．list C．define D．a(chǎn)ppreciate 10．A.notice B．record C．remember D．track 11．A.shadow B．shake C．play D．feeling 12．A.damaged

25、 B．recovered C．faded D．changed 13．A.in contrast B．in return C．for instance D．by chance 14．A.maintaining B．regaining C．discovering D．forgetting 15．A.remind B．promise C．a(chǎn)dvise D．convince 16．A.country B．moment C．memory D．inspirat

26、ion 17．A.pleased B．courageous C．confident D．strong 18．A.meanwhile B．otherwise C．however D．therefore 19．A.apply B．owe C．contribute D．a(chǎn)dapt 20．A.awareness B．a(chǎn)greement C．ment D．promise 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。一場(chǎng)重病讓作者明白了什么是人生中最重要的東西。因此他對(duì)自己當(dāng)下所擁有的倍加珍惜，并

27、心存感激。 1．B　根據(jù)上文中的“Ten years ago, a doctor told me something was wrong with my lung and I had to give up work at once and went to bed”可知，當(dāng)被告知自己的肺部出了問(wèn)題且不得不立即放棄工作臥床休息時(shí)作者感到非常震驚(shocked)。confused“困惑的”； annoyed“惱怒的”。 2．C　作者突然覺(jué)得自己好像是被判了死緩一樣。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境尤其是下文的“with an indefinite reprieve(緩刑)”可知，此處應(yīng)選sentence“宣判，判刑”

28、。under sentence of death“被判處死刑”。 3．D　仔細(xì)思考之后，作者把手頭的事務(wù)處理掉，然后回家了。根據(jù)上文中的“I had to give up work at once and went to bed”可知，clear up“解決，清理”符合語(yǔ)境。make up“組成，編造”；set up“設(shè)立”；take up“開(kāi)始從事，占據(jù)”。 4．B　兩年后，作者離開(kāi)了病床，開(kāi)始(began)了漫長(zhǎng)的重回之前的生活狀態(tài)的“攀登”。recall“回憶起”；avoid“避免”；accept“接受”。 5．D　過(guò)了一年，作者就做到了。It was/is＋一段時(shí)間＋before

29、...是固定句型，意為“過(guò)了……才/就……”。 6．B　作者談及這段經(jīng)歷是因?yàn)槟切┻^(guò)去的歲月教會(huì)(taught)了作者應(yīng)該珍惜什么，相信什么。assign“分配，分派”；treat“招待”；assure“使確信”。 7．D　現(xiàn)在作者意識(shí)到(realize)這個(gè)世界不是等待他去打開(kāi)的牡蠣，而是需要他去抓住的機(jī)會(huì)。admit“承認(rèn)”；expect“期待，期望”。 8．B　參見(jiàn)上題解析。grasp the opportunity“抓住機(jī)會(huì)”，是固定搭配。knowledge“知識(shí)”；attention“注意力”；point“觀點(diǎn)”。 9．D　作者也學(xué)會(huì)了欣賞(appreciate)那些不起眼的

30、但卻很重要的東西，而作者之前從未想過(guò)自己會(huì)去注意這些東西。dismiss“不予理會(huì)，不予考慮”；list“列舉”； define“給……下定義，解釋”。 10. A　參見(jiàn)上題解析。notice“注意到”；record“記錄”；remember“記得”；track“跟蹤”。 11．C　根據(jù)上文中的“the music of the wind in my favorite pine tree”和下文中的“I seem now…to hear and see”可知，此處指的應(yīng)是作者以前不會(huì)注意到的東西。play“輕快變幻的動(dòng)作，閃爍”，the play of sunlight on water“

31、陽(yáng)光在水面上的閃爍”。 12．B　作者重新找回了童年時(shí)期看待事物的新鮮感。recovered“重新獲得的，重新找到的”，符合語(yǔ)境。 13．C　比如，回想起自己臥床兩年后重新踏上這片土地的感覺(jué)有多好。for instance“比如，例如”，符合語(yǔ)境。in contrast“相反”；in return“作為回報(bào)”；by chance“偶然地”。 14．B　這就像在一個(gè)差點(diǎn)失去的世界中重新獲得公民身份一樣。regain“重新得到”和下文的“l(fā)ost”相對(duì)應(yīng)。maintain“維持”；discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；forget“忘記”。 15．A　作者經(jīng)常提醒自己要記下這個(gè)自己現(xiàn)在生活的時(shí)刻，因?yàn)?/p>

32、活在此刻，作者是健康且快樂(lè)的，而且能做自己最喜歡做的事情。remind“提醒”，符合語(yǔ)境。promise“許諾，允諾”；convince“使相信”。 16．B　參見(jiàn)上題解析。moment“時(shí)刻”；inspiration“靈感”。 17．A　參見(jiàn)第15題解析。pleased“快樂(lè)的，高興的”；courageous“勇敢的”；confident“自信的”；strong“堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的”。下文中的“I'm wiser now，a little，and happier”亦是提示。 18．D　它不會(huì)總是如這般存在，因此作者會(huì)充分利用它并心存感激。上下文之間是因果關(guān)系，故用therefore。meanwhi

33、le“與此同時(shí)”；otherwise“否則”；however“然而”。 19．B　作者將這一切都?xì)w功于他臥病在床的那段漫長(zhǎng)時(shí)光。owe...to...“把……歸功于……”，是固定用法。 20．A　更有智慧的人無(wú)需被困到如此境地也能明白這些道理。awareness“意識(shí)，明白”符合語(yǔ)境。promise“妥協(xié)”。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．This is believed that hard work can lead to success. ______________________________________________________ 答案：This→It 　It is b

34、elieved that ... “人們相信……”，其中it為形式主語(yǔ)。 2．An idea occurred me when I was walking in the park. ______________________________________________________ 答案：occurred后加to　sth. occurs/occurred to sb. “某人突然想起某事”。 3．A great many of people gain a great deal of information from the Internet. ________________

35、______________________________________ 答案：去掉第一個(gè)of　a great/good many直接修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，只有當(dāng)名詞前有限定詞the/these/those/one's等時(shí)，才用a great/good many of短語(yǔ)。 4．We regret to inform you that our pany has hired on another girl for the job of secretary. ______________________________________________________ 答案：去掉on　hir

36、e “雇用；租用”，為及物動(dòng)詞，后面不需加介詞。 5．They will carry out the plan in this means. ______________________________________________________ 答案：in→by　by this means “用這種方法”。 五、七選五 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 Your phone is running low on power while you are waiting to fly out of an airport. Th

37、en you discover a public USB charging area close by. __1__ Then you take a deep breath and sit back, happy to get the power for free. What could go wrong? Plenty. In addition to providing an electrical current, phone charging cords can send and receive data. That free USB charging hub at an airpor

38、t, hotel or any other public place may not only charge your phone. __2__ The USB charging hub could be connecting to your phone and copying your contact list, email and text messages, voice mail, photographs and videos. It can also copy passwords, banking information and any other information stored

39、 on your phone. If you want to charge your phone while traveling, you have other choices that do not increase your risks. Connect your phone only to electrical outlets so data transfer is not possible. __3__ It is better to use a distant wall outlet than a nearby USB charging hub. Carry an extra,

40、 fully-charged battery. Having one means you can charge your phone without having to worry about carrying a special cord or finding a power outlet. __4__ If you must use a public USB charging center, be sure to turn off your phone pletely. __5__ But it will reduce the chances of it happening, depe

41、nding on what phone you have. A．Remember to fully charge your phone before you leave home or work. B．It also could be transferring information to and from the device. C．The public USB charging hub may even download programs to your phone. D．This may or may not prevent data transfer. E．You can c

42、harge your phone with the extra battery wherever you are. F．An available outlet may not be as near as a USB charging hub, but the few extra steps may keep your information safe. G．You quickly reach for a charge cord and connect your phone to the charging hub. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了在飛機(jī)場(chǎng)候機(jī)時(shí)，給處于低電狀態(tài)的手

43、機(jī)安全充電的方法。 1．G　上文說(shuō)你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)附近有一個(gè)公共的USB充電區(qū)域，空處下文提到你深吸一口氣，舒服地坐好，為免費(fèi)充電而高興。所以空處應(yīng)表示你把手機(jī)連接到充電口進(jìn)行充電，故選G項(xiàng)“你很快拿到一根充電線，并把你的手機(jī)連接到充電中心”。 2．B　上文說(shuō)機(jī)場(chǎng)、酒店或其他公共場(chǎng)所的免費(fèi)USB充電中心，不僅可以給你的手機(jī)充電，再結(jié)合空后一句可知，空處應(yīng)表示USB充電中心的其他作用。B項(xiàng)提到它還可以把信息傳入或輸出設(shè)備，前后語(yǔ)義銜接，故選B。且B項(xiàng)中的also與空前一句中的not only相呼應(yīng)。 3．F　根據(jù)空處所在段的內(nèi)容可知，本段推薦使用距離稍遠(yuǎn)的墻上的電源插座，而不用鄰近的USB充電中心，這樣可以保證手機(jī)信息的安全。F項(xiàng)說(shuō)一個(gè)可用的墻上的電源插座可能不像USB充電中心那么近，但是多走幾步可以保證你的信息安全，前后邏輯關(guān)系緊密，故選F。 4．E　本段的主旨是攜帶一個(gè)額外的，充滿電的電池，而E項(xiàng)說(shuō)無(wú)論你在哪里，你都可以用這個(gè)額外的電池給手機(jī)充電，為具體描述，故選E。 5．D　上文提到如果必須使用USB充電中心充電，確保將手機(jī)徹底關(guān)機(jī)。下文說(shuō)但這將減少發(fā)生這種情況的機(jī)會(huì)。故D項(xiàng)“這可能會(huì)阻止數(shù)據(jù)傳輸，也可能不會(huì)”符合語(yǔ)境。D項(xiàng)中的This指代關(guān)機(jī)這個(gè)行為，故選D。