作文備考 詞匯超市

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1、作文備考 詞匯超市 第一部分: 結(jié)構(gòu)性詞匯 1. 表因果的 beause, so(that), accordingly, as a result, consequently, for this (that) reason, hence, therefore 2. 表轉(zhuǎn)折的 but, however, while, yet, although, conversely, despite, in spite of, nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand 3. 表比較的 by comparison, in contrast,

2、 in the same way, similarly 4. 表遞進(jìn)的 also, besides, even more important, futhermore, in addition, in particular, moreover, what’s more 5. 表概括的 in brief, in conclusion, in short, in a word, in sum, to sum up, on the whole, to conclude 第二部分：主題性詞匯 Section 1. 熱門(mén)話題表達(dá): Hot topics ahd v

3、ocabulary 帶薪假期paid holiday 假日經(jīng)濟(jì)holiday economy 惡性通貨膨脹hyperinflation 惡心循環(huán)vicious circle 股市行情the ups and downs of the stock market 青少年犯罪the teenager’s crime/ juvenile delinquency(行為不良，錯(cuò)失) 歸國(guó)留學(xué)生returned students 環(huán)境問(wèn)題environmental problems 大學(xué)畢業(yè)生失業(yè)unemployment among college graduates 終身學(xué)習(xí)

4、lifelong education 人才talent / talents/ talented personnel/ talented people 合格人才qualified personnel 缺乏人才lack of talent 激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)cut-throat comprtition 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)意識(shí)consciousness of competition 核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力competitive force at the core 計(jì)算機(jī)犯罪the crime through computers 代溝generation gap 盜版the problem of pirac

5、y ;pirate books/ DVDs/CDs 腐敗corruption 考試作弊cheating on examinations 人才流失 drain drain 待業(yè)job-waiting 保護(hù)文化遺產(chǎn)to preserve cultural relics 保護(hù)歷史遺產(chǎn)to preserve historic heritage 歷史遺跡historical remains 自然景觀natural landscape 欣賞自然美景to appreciate the natural beauty 電腦盲computer illiterate 人口負(fù)增長(zhǎng)nega

6、tive population growth(NPG) 第三產(chǎn)業(yè)tertiary industry service sector 第三代移動(dòng)手機(jī)（3G手機(jī)）third generation mobile; 3Gmobile 奔小康stive for a relatively comfortable life 笨鳥(niǎo)先飛a slow sparrow should make an early atart 腳踏實(shí)地 be down to earth 比上不足比下有余worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of

7、the best, but be better than the worst 邊緣科學(xué)boundary science 便攜式電腦portable computer; laptop; notebook computer 不正之風(fēng)bad (harmful)pratice; unhealthy tendency 長(zhǎng)江三角洲Yangtze River delta 超前消費(fèi)over-consuming, excessive comsumption 朝陽(yáng)產(chǎn)業(yè)sunrise industry 炒作speculation 磁懸浮列車(chē)Maglev(magnetically levitat

8、ed train) 從粗放經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榧s經(jīng)濟(jì)shift from extensive economy to intensive economy 促進(jìn)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化foster integration with the global economy 大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)university students’ innovative undertaking 大腕top notch 大開(kāi)眼界open one’s eyes;broaden one’s horizon; be an eye –opener 大款tycoon 彈性工資flexible pay 倒計(jì)時(shí)countdown 地球

9、村global village 地區(qū)差異regional disparity 電話會(huì)議teleconference 電腦犯罪computer crime 發(fā)展不平衡disparate development 地區(qū)差異regional disparity 縮小地區(qū)差異 to narrow regional disparity 敬業(yè)精神professional dedication; professional ethics 發(fā)展是硬道理develpoment is of overriding importance; develpoment is the abso

10、lute need 反敗為勝bring about a complete turnabout, pull out of the fire 好出風(fēng)頭的運(yùn)動(dòng)員exhibitionist grandstander 好萊塢大片Hollywood blockbuster 好事不出門(mén)，惡事傳千里Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide. 合理引導(dǎo)消費(fèi)guide rational consumption 黃金時(shí)段prime time 灰色收入income from moonlightin

11、g 拒載refuse to take passengers 考研take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 考研熱t(yī)he craze for graduate school 跨越式發(fā)展great-leap-forward development 拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)fuel economic growth 空頭支票Accommodation note, lip service 兩個(gè)文明一起抓Place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress 兩手抓兩手都要硬We

12、 must address ourselves to the problem of both material and spiritual civilization (material as well as culture and ideological progress) 年夜飯F(tuán)amily reunion dinner 企業(yè)文化Corporate culture 泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì)Bubble economy 強(qiáng)化班Intensive training program/class 票販子Scalper, ticket tout 票房Box office 期房Forward deliv

13、ery housing 情感消費(fèi)Emotional consumption 情有獨(dú)鐘Show special preference (favor)to… 全天候服務(wù)Round-the-clock service 上有天堂，下有蘇杭Just as there is paradise in heaven, there are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth 涉外經(jīng)濟(jì)Foreign-related business 實(shí)踐是檢驗(yàn)真理的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth 實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)The real

14、 economy 樹(shù)立企業(yè)良好形象Foster a good and healthy company image 水貨Smuggled goods 收購(gòu)兼并M&A(merger and acquisition) 適者生存Survival of the fittest 適銷(xiāo)對(duì)路的產(chǎn)品Readily marketable products 手機(jī)入網(wǎng)費(fèi)Mobile access fee 收視率Audience ratings; television viewing 首期按揭Down-payment 鐵飯碗Iron rice bowl 偷渡者Stowaway 偷稅、騙稅、逃稅、抗

15、稅Tax evasion, tax fraud, and refusal to pay taxes 偷稅漏稅Tax evasion 跳槽Job-hopping 跳槽者Job-hopper 外賣(mài)Take-out 外賣(mài)店Take-out restaurant 無(wú)形資產(chǎn)Intangible assets 武俠小說(shuō)Tales of roving knights; martial arts novel;kung fu novel 網(wǎng)吧Internet bar 網(wǎng)戀Online love affairs 網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì)Cybereconomy 網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間Cyberspace 網(wǎng)民Netiz

16、en; net citizen; cyber citizen/internet surfer 網(wǎng)上沖浪Surf the internet 網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物Shopping online 網(wǎng)上交易平臺(tái)Online trading platform 寬帶網(wǎng)Broadband networks 寬帶接入Broadband access 網(wǎng)友Net friend 西部大開(kāi)發(fā)Development of the West Regions of China 西氣東輸Transport the natural gas from the West to the East 信息化Information

17、-based; informationization 抓住機(jī)遇Seize the opportunity 按揭貸款Mortgage loan 按揭購(gòu)房To buy a house on mortgage; to mortgage a house 安樂(lè)死Euthanasia 發(fā)燒友Fancier; zealot; enthusiastic fan 灰色收入Gray income Section 2. 環(huán)保主題: Environmental protection 不可再生資源non-renewable resourc

18、es 美化環(huán)境landscaping design for environmental purposes 環(huán)境惡化environmental degradation 堅(jiān)持環(huán)境保護(hù)基本國(guó)策adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection 推行可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略pursue the strategy of sustainable development 促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方式的轉(zhuǎn)變promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economi

19、c growth 實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、社會(huì)效益和環(huán)境效益的統(tǒng)一bring about harmony of economic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection 預(yù)防為主、防治結(jié)合的政策policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control 對(duì)水質(zhì)和空氣質(zhì)量的影響impact on the quality of the water and the air 治理環(huán)境污染curb environmen

20、tal pollution; bring the pollution under control 白色污染white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics) 水土保持conservation of water and soil 生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture 森林覆蓋率forest coverage 降低資源消耗率slow down the rate of resource degradation 開(kāi)發(fā)可再生資源

21、develop renewable resources 環(huán)保產(chǎn)品environment-friendly products 自然保護(hù)區(qū)nature reserve 自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)natural ecosystems Section 3. 社會(huì)問(wèn)題 Social issues (民生，就業(yè)，教育，道德) 城鎮(zhèn)居民最低生活保障guarantee of subsistence allowances for urban residents 安居工程housing project for low-income familie

22、s 創(chuàng)新精神be innovation–minded; to have a creative mind 待業(yè)人員job seekers 待遇優(yōu)厚的工作a well-paid job 單親家庭single parent family 定向培訓(xùn)training for specific posts 獨(dú)生子女the only child 反對(duì)迷信be against superstition 高度重視精神文明建設(shè)pay close attention to cultural and ethical progress 關(guān)系國(guó)計(jì)民生的大事matters vital to nationa

23、l well-being and the people’s livelihood 關(guān)心和支持殘疾人事業(yè)Programs to help the physically and mentally challenged deserve our care and support 關(guān)心老齡人care for senior citizens 貴族學(xué)校exclusive school (美); select school（英） 過(guò)緊日子tighten one’s belt 過(guò)溫飽生活live a life at a subsistent level 合理調(diào)整就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)to rationally r

24、eadjust the employment structure 后勤服務(wù)社會(huì)化make logistic services independent in their operation 積極發(fā)展民辦教育Efforts should be made to develop schools not operated by government education departments. 基本養(yǎng)老金basic pensions 堅(jiān)持正確的輿論導(dǎo)向maintain the correct orientation for public opinion 建設(shè)一個(gè)富強(qiáng)、民主、文明的國(guó)家 buil

25、d a prosperous, strong, democratic and culturally advanced country 崗位培訓(xùn)on-job training 擴(kuò)大就業(yè)和再就業(yè)to expand employment and reemployment 面臨困境face adverse conditions 人口出生率birth rate 人口老齡化 aging of population 人口增長(zhǎng)的高峰期 baby boom 人口增長(zhǎng)與社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展相協(xié)調(diào)try to keep population growth in line with social and

26、economic development 人民生活水平quality of life; the living standards 弱勢(shì)群體disadvantaged groups 社會(huì)保障social security 社會(huì)保障“三條保障線”制度social security system of “three guarantees” 社會(huì)福利制度the social welfare system 社會(huì)公德social morality 失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)guarantee of unemployment insurance benefits 失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)unemployment insur

27、ance 失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)制度the unemployment insurance system 失業(yè)率rate of unemployment 實(shí)現(xiàn)小康目標(biāo)attain the goal of ensuring our people a relatively comfortable life 實(shí)行計(jì)劃生育、控制人口數(shù)量、提高人口素質(zhì)promote family planning and control the population size and improve the health of the people 樹(shù)立正確的價(jià)值觀、世界觀、人生觀help foster in the you

28、ng the morally sound values and outlook on the world and life 提高勞動(dòng)者素質(zhì)to enhance workers’ quality 推進(jìn)素質(zhì)教育push ahead with education for all-around development 推進(jìn)職業(yè)資格證書(shū)制度to introduce a vocational qualification credentials system 退休基金pension fund 脫貧lift off poverty; cast off poverty 完善和落實(shí)再就業(yè)優(yōu)惠政策to

29、improve and implement preferential reemployment 完善失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)制度to improve the unemployment insurance system 文明城市model city; culturally advanced city; city cited for high moral and cultural standards 物業(yè)管理estate management, property management 消費(fèi)價(jià)格總水平the general price level 小家庭nuclear family 行行出狀元Ever

30、y profession produces its own leading authority. 研究生畢業(yè)證/學(xué)位證 graduate diploma/graduate degree’s diploma 養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)retirement insurance 養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度the old-age insurance system 醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)medical insurance 醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度the medical insurance system 應(yīng)試教育examination-oriented education system 優(yōu)撫安置制度the special care and pla

31、cement system 優(yōu)化就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)to optimize employment structure 有公德心be civic-minded 輿論導(dǎo)向direction of public opinion 輿論監(jiān)督supervision by public opinion 預(yù)期壽命life expectancy 生活費(fèi)用cost of living; income maintenance; subsistence cost 失學(xué)兒童dropouts 實(shí)施積極促進(jìn)就業(yè)的政策to implement the policy of vigorously increasing

32、employment 重視發(fā)展具有比較優(yōu)勢(shì)和市場(chǎng)潛力的勞動(dòng)密集型企業(yè)to stress the development of labor-intensive enterprises with comparative advantages and market potential 最低生活保障制度the minimum living standard security system 擺脫貧困shake off poverty; lift oneself from poverty 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施infrastructure construction

33、 Section 4. 經(jīng)濟(jì)類(lèi)主題 Economic vocabulary 保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境preserve the ecological environment 宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)macro economy 擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需expand domestic demand 改善居民心理預(yù)期inspire the general public’s confidence in the future needs 鼓勵(lì)增加即期消費(fèi)encourage more immediate consumption 分期付款pay by installment 生活費(fèi)用income avail

34、able for living expenses 居民儲(chǔ)蓄存款residents’ bank savings deposit 恩格爾系數(shù)（食品開(kāi)支占總支出的比例）Engel coefficient 片面追求發(fā)展速度excessive pursuit of growth 泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì)bubble economy 經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)熱 overheating of economy 通貨膨脹inflation 實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)the real economy 經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律laws of economics 市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)market regulation 優(yōu)化資源配置optimize allocation o

35、f resources 規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)優(yōu)勢(shì)advantage of economies of scale 勞動(dòng)密集型labor intensive 市場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)market risk 不景氣 slump （衰退 recession） 適銷(xiāo)對(duì)路的產(chǎn)品the right products/ readily marketable products 國(guó)有企業(yè)state-owned enterprises(SOEs) 集體企業(yè)collectively-owned (partnership) enterprises 私營(yíng)企業(yè)private businesses 民營(yíng)企業(yè) privatel

36、y-run businesses 中小企業(yè)small-and-medium-sized enterprises 與世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的聯(lián)系將更加緊密be more closely linked to the world economy 中國(guó)巨大的市場(chǎng)潛力將逐步轉(zhuǎn)化為現(xiàn)實(shí)的購(gòu)買(mǎi)力The huge market potential that China enjoys will be turned into tangible purchasing power. 適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)需要的法律法規(guī)體系還不夠健全The regulatory and legal system is not well establi

37、shed as to adapt to the demand of market economy. 保持國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的良好勢(shì)頭maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy 立足中國(guó)國(guó)情，發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢(shì)proceed from national conditions in China and bring our advantages into play 揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短，趨利避害，迎接經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的挑戰(zhàn)foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses and rise to the challenge of economic globalization 深化改革intensify reform; deepen one’s commitment to reform 提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益improve economic performance; increase economic returns 講求社會(huì)效益value contribution to society; pay attention to social effect 加速國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)信息化develop information-based economy accelerate IT application in