2018屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)細(xì)節(jié)理解題專練三

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1、細(xì)節(jié)理解題專練(三) A (2017·遼寧沈陽高中三年級教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測一) Avantree iPhone 6/6S Plus Sweatproof Armband, for Samsung Galaxy Note 5/S5, Google Nexus 6P, with a key holder and card pouch, for Running Gym Jogging Exercise Sports — Trackpouch by Avantree. 1,227 customers review 1,198 answered questions. Price $————

2、Sale $———— With Deal $ 11.00 (Order within 31 hrs 7 mins) Sold by Avantree Direct and Fulfilled by Amazon, Gift wrap available. Color: Black for iPhone 6 Plus (4.3″－5.5″)/for Big Arm with iPhone 6/6S Plus/for iPhone 6/6S (4.7″ or below) ●No pockets? No problem. This multifunctional sports armb

3、and is the smartest, most secure way to keep your phone, keys, cards and other valuables safe when working out. ●With your comfort in mind, this double-padded sports armband is made with tough yet flexible material. Its design fits perfectly around your arm and securely holds your earphone string —

4、 so you can exercise to your favorite tunes with minimum trouble. ●Enjoy the control of your phone through the case's transparent plastic cover — specially designed for phone size up to 6.3 inches; a perfect fit for iPhone 6S Plus, iPhone 6 Plus; Samsung Galaxy Note 5/4/3/2/S6 edge＋/ on 7; LGG Vist

5、a 2; HTC Desire 828 and more. ●Whether you're swimming, running or biking, this water-resistant, sand-resistant, anti-slip sports band is well made to meet your own demands. ●At 18.5 inches with inside length measurement of 6.26″ and a width of 4.2″， this exercise armband is the perfect size to lo

6、ok after your essentials, without getting in the way of your workout. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇廣告，向顧客介紹了手機(jī)運(yùn)動臂包的價格、適用的手機(jī)、特點(diǎn)等情況。 1．According to the passage, what is on sale? A．iPhone 6S Plus. B．Avantree Sweatproof Armband. C．Samsung Galaxy Note 5. D．Google Nexus 6P. 解析：B　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的“Avantree iPhone 6

7、/6S Plus Sweatproof Armband, for Samsung Galaxy Note 5/S5”可知；本文介紹的是Avantree品牌的防汗手機(jī)運(yùn)動臂包，故B項(xiàng)正確。 干擾項(xiàng)分析：根據(jù)第一段可知，A、C、D項(xiàng)都是該商品適用的手機(jī)，故排除。 2．How much can you save if you order it in 24 hours? A．$ 7.00.　　　　　　　B．$ 12.99. C．$ 11.00. B．$ 8.99. 解析：D　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文中表格可知，該商品原價為$ 19.99，如果在31小時7分鐘內(nèi)下單，可以$ 11買到，據(jù)此可知，

8、如果在24小時內(nèi)購買，就可節(jié)省$ 8.99，故D項(xiàng)正確。 3．What can we learn about the goods? A．It can pick up music programs you like. B．It is used to hold your phone and cards. C．It can ensure your safety when you work out. D．It is waterproof because of its robber cover. 解析：B　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Avantree iPhone 6/6S Plus Sw

9、eatproof Armband, for Samsung Galaxy Note 5/S5, Google Nexus 6P, with a key holder and card pouch”可知，該商品用于存放鑰匙、手機(jī)和卡片，故B項(xiàng)正確。 干擾項(xiàng)分析：根據(jù)文中的“This multifunctional sports... and other valuables safe when working out”和“so you can exercise... trouble”可知，A、C項(xiàng)錯誤；根據(jù)“Whether you're swimming, running or biking,

10、this water-resistant, sand-resistant, anti-slip sports band is well made to meet your own demands”可知，該臂包具有防水功能，但并沒有提及是因?yàn)樗怯孟鹉z制造的，故D項(xiàng)錯誤。 B (2017·長春監(jiān)測二) Food production does great harm to our environment. There are many procedures involved in the manufacture of food that result in greenhouse gases

11、and other pollutants. Some procedures require the consumption of large amounts of fossil fuels, such as the transportation and storage of food products. Other factors that cause great damage to our environment include the overuse of fresh water. The production of beef is more damaging to the enviro

12、nment than that of any other food we consume. Raising large numbers of cattle requires the production of large amounts of food for the animals. It's estimated that producing one pound of beef requires seven pounds of feed. Land use is also a problem. If the cattle are free-range cattle, large areas

13、 of land are required for them to live on. This has led to disastrous forest cutting and the loss of rare plants and animal species, particularly in tropical rain forests in Central and South America. Another problem specific to beef production is methane emissions (甲烷排放). Although many people are

14、aware of the damaging effects of carbon dioxide, they don't realize methane's global warming potential is 25 times worse, making it a more dire problem. Unfortunately, beef consumption is growing rapidly. This is the result of simple supply and demand factors. Specifically, there are two main cause

15、s of demand that are encouraging the production of more supply. First, the increase in the world population means there are more people to consume meat. The second factor is socioeconomic advancement. As citizens in developing nations become financially stable, they can afford to buy more meat. The

16、refore, one way to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions is for people around the world to significantly cut down on the amount of beef they eat. 體裁：說明文　題材：科普知識　主題：牛肉的生產(chǎn)過程與環(huán)保 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】　本文介紹了在牛肉的生產(chǎn)過程中，飼養(yǎng)牛需要消耗大量食物，牛體內(nèi)的食物消化又會產(chǎn)生大量甲烷并會釋放到大氣中，從而危害環(huán)境，作者呼吁人們?yōu)榱吮Ｗo(hù)環(huán)境應(yīng)減少牛肉的消耗。 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A

17、．Raising free-range cattle is eco-friendly. B．People cut down trees for animal habitats. C．Producing beef can damage the environment. D．Carbon dioxide causes far more harm than methane. 解析：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“The production of beef is more damaging to the environment than that of any other food we

18、consume.”可知，牛肉的生產(chǎn)過程會對環(huán)境造成破壞。故選C項(xiàng)。 5．The underlined word “dire” in Para. 4 means ________. A．urgent B．common C．typical D．a(chǎn)voidable 解析：A　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段可知，在牛肉的生產(chǎn)過程中會產(chǎn)生大量的甲烷，而甲烷的危害遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于二氧化碳，因此，這個問題更需要大家給予迫切的關(guān)注。由此可猜測，dire意為“極其嚴(yán)重的；危急的”。故選A項(xiàng)。 6．Beef production is growing rapidly because ________. A．mor

19、e people are in demand of beef B．developing countries raise more cattle C．more land is available to raise cattle D．the cost of raising cattle is relatively low 解析：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句This is the result of simple supply and demand factors.以及下文中分析的兩個原因可知，牛肉消耗的增加是供求關(guān)系的結(jié)果。人口的增加以及發(fā)展中國家的收入增加，使得人們可以購買更多肉制品

20、，從而導(dǎo)致牛肉消耗的增加。故選A項(xiàng)。 7．The author writes this article to ________. A．describe the booming of the beef production B．emphasize the advantages of beef production C．condemn the deforestation of the rain forest D．a(chǎn)rgue for a decrease in beef consumption 解析：D　推理判斷題。文章分析了牛肉生產(chǎn)過程中對環(huán)境的危害，在最后一段提出了自己的觀點(diǎn)，呼吁人

21、們減少對牛肉的消耗，從而保護(hù)環(huán)境。故選D項(xiàng)。 長難句分析：Although many people are aware of the damaging effects of carbon dioxide, they don't realize methane's global warming potential is 25 times worse, making it a more dire problem. 句式分析：本句為主從復(fù)合句，although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，主句為they don't realize methane's global warming potential is

22、25 times worse。在主句中，realize后是省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語從句，making it a more dire problem是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。 句意：盡管很多人意識到二氧化碳的破壞作用，但他們沒有意識到甲烷造成全球變暖的潛力是二氧化碳的25倍，這使它成為一個更可怕的問題。 C (2017·江西省重點(diǎn)中學(xué)協(xié)作體高三第一次聯(lián)考) Up to 60 Shanghai math teachers are to be brought to England to raise standards, in an exchange arranged by the Depa

23、rtment for Education. The announcement comes as a campaign is launched to raise adult math skills. A survey of 2,300 adults for the numeracy campaign found that over a third thought their level of math had held them back. An accompanying economic analysis said that a lack of math skills cost the U．K

24、. 20 billion pounds per year. The plan to bring 60 English-speaking math teachers from Shanghai is an attempt to learn from a city that has been the top performance in the OECD's Pisa tests. The OECD says that children of poor families in Shanghai are on average better at math than middle class chi

25、ldren in the U．K. The Shanghai teachers, expected to arrive from the autumn, will help share their teaching methods, support pupils who are struggling and help to train other teachers. “We have some smart math teachers in this country but what I saw in Shanghai — and other Chinese cities — has only

26、 strengthened my belief that we can learn from them，” said education minister, Elizabeth Truss, who has recently visited Shanghai, accompanied by head teachers from England. “They have a can-do attitude to math—and I want us to match that, and their performance.” She stressed the economic significan

27、ce of raising math standards, for individuals and the country. “As part of our long-term economic plan, we are determined to drive up standards in our schools and give our young people the skills they need to succeed in the global race. Good math qualifications have the greatest earnings potential a

28、nd provide the strongest protection against unemployment，”said the education minister. 體裁：記敘文　題材：文化教育　主題：英國數(shù)學(xué)教育 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】　本文講述了中國上海多達(dá)六十位數(shù)學(xué)教師受英國教育部門的邀請，作為交換老師到英國去教授數(shù)學(xué)這一事件，旨在提高英國學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)技能和水平，改善日益沒落的英國數(shù)學(xué)教育。 8．Poor math skills have caused serious ________ consequences in England. A．a(chǎn)cademic B．economic

29、C．cultural D．political 解析：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句．.. a lack of math skills cost the U．K. 20 billion pounds per year.可知，缺乏數(shù)學(xué)技能讓英國每年損失200億英鎊，即經(jīng)濟(jì)損失嚴(yán)重，故選B項(xiàng)。 9．What is the main factor behind Shanghai teachers' success in math teaching? A．Their students are from poor families. B．Their students have a talen

30、t for math. C．They have a positive attitude to teaching. D．They teach in a highly developed city. 解析：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段英國教育部長所講的“They have a can-do attitude to math — and I want us to match that, and their performance.”可知，上海老師數(shù)學(xué)教育成功的一個重要因素就是他們對教學(xué)的積極態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。 10．According to Elizabeth Truss, raising st

31、andards can be helpful in ________. A．equipping young people with global competitiveness B．promoting the pupils' international test performance C．teaching how to earn money in the global market D．discovering one's math talent at an early age 解析：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的．.. give our young people the skill

32、s they need to succeed in the global race.可知，教育部長認(rèn)為提高教育標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有助于提升年輕人的國際競爭力。故選A項(xiàng)。 11．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Good Math Skills Are About Hard Work B．Why Are English Math Standards Left Behind? C．Why Are Shanghai Math Teachers Getting Popular? D．Chinese Teachers Bring the Art of

33、 Math to English Schools 解析：D　主旨大意題。文章開篇點(diǎn)題介紹了上海數(shù)學(xué)教師被英國請去傳授經(jīng)驗(yàn)的事情。A項(xiàng)側(cè)重于數(shù)學(xué)技能本身，B項(xiàng)側(cè)重于英國數(shù)學(xué)教育落后的原因，C項(xiàng)側(cè)重于上海數(shù)學(xué)教師受歡迎的原因，D項(xiàng)概括了中國老師受邀去英國的整個事件。故選D項(xiàng)。 長難句分析：“We have some smart math teachers in this country but what I saw in Shanghai — and other Chinese cities — has only strengthened my belief that we can learn

34、 from them，” said education minister, Elizabeth Truss, who has recently visited Shanghai, accompanied by head teachers from England. 句式分析：本句主語為Elizabeth Truss，謂語動詞為said。直接引語是由but連接的兩個句子組成。第一個句子的主語為We，謂語動詞為have，賓語為smart math teachers；第二個句子的主語為what I saw in Shanghai — and other Chinese cities，謂語動詞為has strengthened，賓語為my belief，其中that之后為belief的同位語從句。education minister和Elizabeth Truss互為同位語，who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾主語Elizabeth Truss accompanied by head teachers from England是過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾主語Elizabeth Truss。 句意：英國教育部長伊麗莎白·特拉斯最近在諸多英國校長的陪同下，對上海進(jìn)行了訪問，她說：“英國有許多優(yōu)秀的數(shù)學(xué)教師，但是我在中國上海以及中國其他城市的所見才堅(jiān)定了我們要向中國老師學(xué)習(xí)的信念。”