2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解主旨大意題專練三段落大意類.doc

《2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解主旨大意題專練三段落大意類.doc》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解主旨大意題專練三段落大意類.doc（7頁珍藏版）》請?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解主旨大意題專練三段落大意類 (xx·煙臺(tái)診斷) Grandparents who help out occasionally with childcare in their munity tend to live longer than seniors who do not care for other people, according to a study from Berlin, Germany. “Having no contact with grandchildren at all can negatively impact grandparents' health. This link could be deeply rooted in our evolutionary past when help with childcare was important for the survival of the human species，” said Sonja Hilbrand, one of the researchers. The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70. Overall, after accounting for grandparents' age and general state of health, the risk of dying over a 20-year period was one-third lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren, pared with grandparents who provided no childcare. Caregiving was associated with a longer life even when the care receiver wasn't a relative. Half of all childless seniors who provided support to friends or neighbors lived for seven years after the study began, while non-helpers lived for four years on average. “Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society. Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active，” said Professor Bruno Arpino. Arpino noted, however, that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health and that too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working, being in social clubs, or volunteering. “Children should take_into_account their parents' needs, willingness, and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare，” he suggested. “It is very important that every individual decides for himself/herself, what ‘proper amounts of help’ means，” Hilbrand said, adding, “As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity (強(qiáng)度) of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.” 體裁：議論文　題材：社會(huì)文化　主題：祖父母適當(dāng)照顧孫輩對身體有益 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】　德國柏林一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，祖父母適當(dāng)?shù)貛兔φ疹檶O輩比不照顧孫輩的老年人壽命長。 1．What is the caregiving study based on? A．Human evolutionary history. B．Demand of modern society. C．Social contact between relatives. D．Data on many elderly people. 解析：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70.可知，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)是從對500多個(gè)70歲以上的老人的數(shù)據(jù)分析得來的。故選D項(xiàng)。 2．In Arpino's opinion, childcare ________. A．is sure to keep old people away from illnesses B．a(chǎn)llows old people to live a more meaningful life C．creates more job opportunities for old people D．makes social activities inaccessible to old people 解析：B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的Arpino's opinion定位至文章第五段中的“Caregiving may give caregivers a purpose of life because they may feel useful for others and society...”可知，看護(hù)小孩讓看護(hù)人覺得生活有了目的，因?yàn)樗麄冇X得自己對他人和社會(huì)是有用的，也就是說，看護(hù)小孩可以使他們感覺生活得有意義。故選B項(xiàng)。 3．What does the underlined part “take into account” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A．Limit.　　B．Ignore. C．Favor. D．Consider. 解析：D　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文中too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities及后面的“... their parents' needs, willingness, and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare，”可知，過多的照看責(zé)任會(huì)使老人無法從事其他有意義的活動(dòng)，所以孩子應(yīng)考慮老人的需求、意愿和渴求，同意他們照顧孩子的時(shí)間長度和強(qiáng)度的選擇。由此可猜測，take into account意為“考慮”，與consider意義相近。故選D項(xiàng)。 4．What does the last paragraph tell us? A．Grandparents can do anything in their own interests. B．Grandparents should share more social responsibilities. C．Proper amounts of childcare do good to grandparents. D．Caregiving guarantees every grandparent a longer life. 解析：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“As long as you do not feel stressed about the intensity of help you provide you may be doing something good for others as well as for yourself.”可知，只要你幫忙的強(qiáng)度不會(huì)讓你感到有壓力，這對他人、對你自己都是有好處的。由此可知，適當(dāng)?shù)卣疹櫺『ψ娓改赣泻锰?。故選C項(xiàng)。 長難句分析：Overall, after accounting for grandparents' age and general state of health, the risk of dying over a 20-year period was one-third lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren, pared with grandparents who provided no childcare. 句式分析：本句為主從復(fù)合句。其中，Overall在此為副詞，在句中作狀語；after為介詞，其后接動(dòng)名詞短語作賓語；兩個(gè)who均引導(dǎo)定語從句；pared with grandparents who...為過去分詞短語作狀語。 句意：總的來說，在考慮祖父母的年齡和大致的健康狀況后，與那些沒照顧孫輩的祖父母相比，那些照顧孫輩的祖父母在20年間的死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要低三分之一。 B (xx·湖北省武漢市高中畢業(yè)生調(diào)研測試) Crying is the sign of the rawest of human emotions. We cry when we can't hold inside what we feel any more. We cry when we're at our best, and when we're at our worst. By we, I mean all of us. Men included. But we never see other men cry. In no western culture has it ever been acceptable for men to shed (流淚) more than a single tear, and even then it's reserved for grand victories, defeats and deaths. Dutch research suggests that women cry between three and five times more than men. Generally men and women cry over the same things — deaths, break-ups and homesickness, primarily, but researchers believe that men cry more often than women when it es to positive events. I want to admit I'm a bit of a cryer. However, having never really experienced deaths in my life, a few weeks ago I experienced what it means to really, truly, pour my heart out in tears. See, my dog — and 24/7 panion — was killed by a car right outside my house. Being a witness to this painful event left me in shock for a good hour, but then the floodgates opened. Over the next 48 hours, I might have cried 20 times. Once or twice I crouched (蹲) on the floor with my head in my hands and tears were the only outlet. It is suggested in the book Adult Crying：A Biopsychosocial Approach that there's certain pleasure in crying. It helps ease stress when there is no other way to express ourselves. In those days after my dog's death, I remember thinking, “I've got to stop this crying”. It felt unmanly. It felt like a sign of weakness. I've since realised that tears are for everybody; they're not gender-specific. They show we have sympathy, allow us to get rid of stress and just feel. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者的狗遭遇車禍，作者痛哭不已，傷心欲絕。后來作者意識(shí)到哭泣是釋放壓力的方法。 【難句分析】　However, having never really experienced deaths in my life, a few weeks ago I experienced what it means to really, truly, pour my heart out in tears. 分析：該句為主從復(fù)合句。該句中what it means to really, truly, pour my heart out in tears為what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句；having never really experienced deaths in my life為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作原因狀語。 譯文：然而，我在生活中從來沒有真正體會(huì)過死亡，數(shù)周前的一 次體驗(yàn)讓我知道死亡真的意味著痛哭流涕和撕心裂肺的感覺。 5．What does the first paragraph mainly talk about? A．Crying is a raw human emotion. B．Crying is an emotion beyond control. C．Crying is an emotion showing sadness. D．Crying is an emotion showing happiness. 解析：A　考查段落大意。通讀該段可知，該段第一句“Crying is the sign of the rawest of human emotions”為該段的主題句。結(jié)合該段其他內(nèi)容可知，該段主要論述“哭泣是人類最自然的情感流露”，故A項(xiàng)正確。 6．What's the difference between men and women in crying according to Dutch research? A．They cry over different matters. B．They cry at different times of life. C．Women cry more often over deaths. D．Men are more likely to have tears of joy. 解析：D　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Dutch research”定位至第二段，根據(jù)第二段的“but researchers believe that men cry more often than women when it es to positive events”可知，男女哭泣的區(qū)別是男子對于積極事物的哭泣頻率要比婦女高，故D項(xiàng)正確。 7．What did the author think of his crying over his dog's death? A．A sign of strength. B．A sign of weakness. C．Behavior of being womanish. D．A way of reducing emotional stress. 解析：D　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段，尤其是最后一句“They show we have sympathy, allow us to get rid of stress and just feel”可知，作者意識(shí)到哭泣是減輕情感壓力的方式，故D項(xiàng)正確。 8．What's the best title for the text? A．Men, never cry like women B．Men, it's OK to cry sometimes C．Crying solves psychological problems D．Crying explains differences between men and women 解析：B　考查標(biāo)題判斷。通讀全文內(nèi)容尤其是第一段第一句“Crying is the sign of the rawest of human emotions”和本文最后一句“They show we have sympathy, allow us to get rid of stress and just feel”可知，本文論述的中心是“哭泣是人類最自然的情感流露，是減輕情感壓力的方式”，據(jù)此可以判斷，B項(xiàng)最適合作文章標(biāo)題。 C (xx·廣西重點(diǎn)高中二模) People love cellphones, which is why nine in ten Americans own one. But does heavy use of cellphones pose a risk of cancer? This question has caused controversy for many years. A new study in rats now augments those concerns. Its data linked long-term, intense exposure to radiation from cellphones with all increased risk of cancer in the heart or brain. The results have yet to be confirmed, the authors note. Indeed, although the rat study found a link between cellphone radiation and cancer，it offers no clues to why such a link might exist, notes Jonathan Samet. He teaches preventative medicine and directs the Institute for Global Health at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. Still, he calls the new study's findings “significant”. They could lead to studies researching how cellphone radiation might cause cancer, he says. Phone signals are relayed between cell towers and cellphones via radio waves. This radio frequency — or RF — radiation is a type known as non-ionizing (非電離的). Unlike X-rays, non-ionizing radiation does not deposit enough energy into cells to release electrons from atoms or molecules, producing ions. So it tends to be far less harmful than ionizing radiation, such as X-rays. But that does not mean radio waves might not cause harm. In very large doses (量) this radiation will heat the body and cause tissue damage. But it's not yet known what much lower RF levels might do, such as those from cellphone use. Five years ago, the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer, or IARC, concluded that cellphone use “is possibly carcinogenic (致癌的)”． Its conclusion was based on what little research data was available at that time. But notice that IARC was not certain. It said only that phone use might “possibly” cause cancer. So scientists at the National Toxicology Program, or NTP, investigated further. 【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文。人們喜歡用手機(jī)，90%的美國人都有手機(jī)。那么，過度使用手機(jī)是否會(huì)有患癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)呢？一項(xiàng)新的研究給出了一些線索。 【難句分析】　Indeed, although the rat study found a link between cellphone radiation and cancer，it offers no clues to why such a link might exist, notes Jonathan Samet. 分析：本句為復(fù)合句。although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。why such a link might exist為why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，作介詞to的賓語。 譯文：Jonathan Samet指出，事實(shí)上，盡管在老鼠身上進(jìn)行的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)手機(jī)輻射和癌癥之間有聯(lián)系，但卻沒有提供線索表明這種聯(lián)系為什么可能存在。 9．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “augments”？ A．figures out B．puts out C．refers to D．a(chǎn)dds to 解析：D　考查詞義猜測。畫線詞前面提到過度使用手機(jī)是否有患癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)這一問題多年來引發(fā)的爭議不斷，再根據(jù)畫線詞后的“concerns”和“Its data linked long-term, intense exposure to radiation from cellphones with an increased risk of cancer in the heart or brain”可知，現(xiàn)在一項(xiàng)在老鼠身上進(jìn)行的新研究增加了那些憂慮。故畫線詞與adds to意義相近。 10．In which aspect does Jonathan Samet think the new study in rats is significant? A．It assists him with his teaching. B．It indicates a new research direction. C．It warns people to mind cellphone safety. D．It makes a breakthrough in cancer research. 解析：B　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“They could lead to studies researching how cellphone radiation might cause cancer, he says”可知，這項(xiàng)研究會(huì)促使科學(xué)家去查明手機(jī)輻射可能是怎樣致癌的，也就是說它為科學(xué)家提供了一個(gè)新的研究方向。 11．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．How phone signals are delivered. B．How cellphones produce radiation. C．Features of radiation from cellphones. D．Differences between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. 解析：C　考查主旨要義。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容尤其是“non-ionizing radiation does not deposit enough energy into cells to release electrons from atoms or in molecules, producing ions. So it tends to be far less harmful than ionizing radiation...”可知，本段主要講的是手機(jī)輻射的特點(diǎn)，它是非電離的，其危害性遠(yuǎn)低于電離輻射。 12．What might be the theme of NTP scientists' further research? A．Why cellphone use causes cancer. B．Whether cellphone use really causes cancer. C．What health effects cellphone use has. D．How much exposure to cellphone radiation is safe. 解析：B　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“It said only that phone use might ‘possibly’ cause cancer. So scientists at the National Toxicology Program, or NTP, investigated further”可知，NTP的科學(xué)家進(jìn)一步研究的主題可能是手機(jī)使用是否真的會(huì)導(dǎo)致癌癥。