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1、Sonnet 18Definition of Sonnet A sonnet is a lyric, invariably, of fourteen lines, usually in iambic pentameter, restricted to a definite rhyme scheme. 十四行詩是一種有十四行詩句構(gòu)成的抒情詩十四行詩是一種有十四行詩句構(gòu)成的抒情詩體，用體，用抑揚格五音步抑揚格五音步作全詩的形式，有固定作全詩的形式，有固定韻律韻律。Types of Sonnet There are three dominant types of sonnet, all named
2、after their founders or perfecters (完善者): Petrarchan sonnet 皮特拉克十四行詩皮特拉克十四行詩Spenserian sonnet 斯賓塞體十四行詩斯賓塞體十四行詩Shakespearean sonnet 莎士比亞式十四莎士比亞式十四行詩行詩Shakespearian Sonnet Also known as the English Sonnet, consists of three quatrains(四行詩四行詩) followed by a couplet(對句對句) . The rhyme scheme is abab cdcd
3、efef gg. A theme is developed in the quatrains, and a concluding thought is presented in the couplet. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, c And often is his gold complexion dimmd; d And every fair from fair sometime declines , c By chance, or natures changing course, untrimmd. dBut thy eterna
4、l summer shall not fade, e Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst, f Nor shall Death brag thou wanderst in his shade, e When in eternal lines to time thou growst. fSo long as man can breathe or eyes can see, g So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. g Shall I compare thee to a summers d
5、ay? a Thou art more lovely and more temperate. b Rough winds do shake the darling buds of may, a And summers lease hath all too short a date. bSonnet 18Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, c And often is his gold complexion dimmd; d And every fair from fair sometime declines , c By chance, or
6、natures changing course, untrimmd. dBut thy eternal summer shall not fade, e Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst, f Nor shall Death brag thou wanderst in his shade, e When in eternal lines to time thou growst. fSo long as man can breathe or eyes can see, g So long lives this, and this gives l
7、ife to thee. g Shall I compare thee to a summers day? a Thou art more lovely and more temperate. b Rough winds do shake the darling buds of may, a And summers lease hath all too short a date. bSonnet 18 Introduction ( 起起 )Elucidation ( 承承 ) Transition ( 轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn) )Conclusion ( 合合 )AppreciationShall I compa
8、re thee to a Shall I compare thee to a summers daysummers day? ?Thou art more lovely and more Thou art more lovely and more temperatetemperate. .- a summers day: In England, summer is not hot but comfortably warm. It is the most pleasant season of the year.-temperate: gentle, soft, mild 溫和的英譯英譯: How
9、 can I compare you to a summers day since : How can I compare you to a summers day since you are lovelier and gentler than it?you are lovelier and gentler than it?Modern English v.s. Middle English現(xiàn)代英語和中古英語現(xiàn)代英語和中古英語 you You (賓格) your yours thine thou Thee Thy英譯：英譯：In fact, the violent winds do destr
10、oy the lovely buds of In fact, the violent winds do destroy the lovely buds of May, and summer lasts for only a very short period of time.May, and summer lasts for only a very short period of time.Rough Rough winds do shake the winds do shake the darling darling buds of May,buds of May,And Summers A
11、nd Summers lease hathlease hath all too short a all too short a datedate. .rough: violent; terribledarling: lovely; dear; charminglease: Here it is figuratively used, meaning “l(fā)ifetime”.hath: old use for “has”date: period of time But thy But thy eternal summereternal summer shall not fade, shall not
12、 fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst,Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst, Nor shall Nor shall DeathDeath brag thou wandrest in his shade, brag thou wandrest in his shade, When in When in eternal lineseternal lines to time thou growstto time thou growst eternal summer: (metaphor)
13、immortal youthfulness Death: (personification) the destroyer of lifeeternal lines: immortal lines of poetry such as the lines in this poemto time thou grost: youll grow together with time, just as time that lasts forever英譯英譯: If you are written in an eternal poem, you will : If you are written in an
14、 eternal poem, you will become part of time; you will always be young or your become part of time; you will always be young or your youthfulness will be everlasting (will never disappear); youthfulness will be everlasting (will never disappear); you will never lose your beauty; and even Death shall
15、you will never lose your beauty; and even Death shall not boast that you are under his control.not boast that you are under his control.So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long live So long live thisthis, and this gives life to thee., and this giv
16、es life to thee. this: this poem英譯：英譯： As long as there is man living in this world, as long as As long as there is man living in this world, as long as mans eyes can see things, this poem will be eternal and it mans eyes can see things, this poem will be eternal and it will also make you immortal.w
17、ill also make you immortal.Sonnet 18 (1609) Shall I compare thee to a summers day? 我怎么能夠把你來比作夏天？我怎么能夠把你來比作夏天？ Thou art more lovely and more temperate: 你不獨比它可愛也比它溫婉：你不獨比它可愛也比它溫婉： Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, 狂風(fēng)把五月寵愛的嫩蕊作踐，狂風(fēng)把五月寵愛的嫩蕊作踐， And summers lease hath all too short a date: 夏天出賃
18、的期限又未免太短：夏天出賃的期限又未免太短： Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, 天上的眼睛有時照得太酷烈，天上的眼睛有時照得太酷烈， And often is his gold complexion dimmed, 它那炳耀的金顏又常遭掩蔽：它那炳耀的金顏又常遭掩蔽： And every fair from fair sometime declines, 被機緣或無常的天道所摧折，被機緣或無常的天道所摧折， By chance, or natures changing course untrimmed沒有芳艷不終于雕殘或銷毀。沒有芳艷不終于雕
19、殘或銷毀。 But thy eternal summer shall not fade, 但是你的長夏永遠不會雕落，但是你的長夏永遠不會雕落， Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst, 也不會損失你這皎潔的紅芳，也不會損失你這皎潔的紅芳， Nor shall death brag thou wandrest in his shade, 或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊，或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊， When in eternal lines to time thou growst, 當(dāng)你在不朽的詩里與時同長。當(dāng)你在不朽的詩里與時同長。 So long as
20、men can breathe or eyes can see, 只要一天有人類，或人有眼睛，只要一天有人類，或人有眼睛， So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. 這詩將長存，并且賜給你生命。這詩將長存，并且賜給你生命。 Theme A profound meditation on the destructive power of time and the eternal beauty brought forth by poetry to the one he loves. A nice summers day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last forever. Thus Shakespeare has a faith in the permanence of poetry.
莎士比亞十四行詩Sonnet18ppt
