2018-2019學(xué)年高二英語 寒假作業(yè) 第十四天.doc

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第十四天 單項(xiàng)選擇 1、I didnt like the _________he talked tome. A.wayB.meansC.methodD.manner 2、English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, ________ uses it differently. A.all of which B.each of which C.all of them D.each of them 3、A new study suggests that the more teenagers watch television,_______ develop depression (抑郁癥) as young adults. A.the more likely they are to B.the more likely they are C.they are the more likely to D.the more likely are they 4、―Thank God you’re safe! ―I stepped back, just _______ to avoid the racing car. A.in time B.in case C.in need D.in vain 5、He was busy writing a story only _____once in a while to smoke a cigarette. A.to stop B.stopping C.to have stopped D.having stopped 閱讀理解 6、 Scientists are using robots to study the health of waters in and around Venice, Italy. The robots are designed to act like fish, other underwater creatures and plants. The scientists are working with several universities and research centers as part of a group called subCULTron. The European Union gives money to the project as part of its Horizon 2020 program whose aim is to take great ideas from the lab to the market and support science and innovation (創(chuàng)新) in Europe. The scientists want to use the artificial intelligence of the robots to help humans understand what is happening under the water of the Venice lagoon (鴻湖). SubCULTron, a collective artificial intelligence project, plans to create the biggest shoal(魚群) of robot fish in the world. The projects aim is to improve knowledge of the seabed and try to turn human abilities into h-tech items. Alexandre Campo, a puter scientist, says the scientists have looked at the way animals learn to work in groups to understand how robots can learn to work together. The subCULTron project wants its robots to learn to work together so they can watch out for changes and new problems in the water. One problem the researchers had in the beginning was how the robots would municate with each other. Wi-Fi and GPS equipment dont work underwater. Instead, the robots can use sonar (聲吶) and an electric field. Another problem was charging batteries. The robots e up to the water s surface and stay near a boat or a power station to charge without any electrical cables. Besides, how to be waterproof, especially for some key pads of the robots, was really tough. Fortunately, a special mixture has been created to be pinned on the robot, which successfully stands the test of water. The health state of the lagoon is pretty good. There are no industrial polluters, and the city now has a modern sewer (污水管) system. Its not like before when all the waste flushed diretly into the water. The robots in Venice will continue their work until 2019. The subCULTron project hopes they develop into “an artificial society underneath the water surface” that serves “a human society above the water”. 1.What can we learn about the project in Paragraph 1? A.Its researchers are all from universities. B.The European Union has financially supported it. C.It uses robots to clean the waters in and around Venice. D.It is aimed to support science and innovation worldwide. 2.What can we infer according to Alexandre Campo? A.Scientists have got an idea for robots from the animals. B.The robots are working separately to perform their tasks. C.SubCULTron is to turn human abilities into hi-tech items. D.The health state of the lagoon has greatly improved recently. 3.The underlined word “they” in the last paragraph probably refers to “_____” A.scientists B.animals C.robots D.humans 4.What does the author mainly want to tell us in the passage? A.Robots are ing into our cities soon. B.Animals can tell us how to clean the water. C.Waters in Venice have been greatly cleaned. D.Robot fish watch out for the waters in Venice. 7、 Organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers (消費(fèi)者) have been willing to pay up to twice as much for goods with organic labels (標(biāo)簽). However, if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutritious and safer product, then you’d better save your money. A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products arent necessarily more nutritious, and theyre no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either. For their new study, Smith-Spangler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories(種類)of research, including 17 studies that pared health outes between consumers of organic against traditional food products, and 223 studies that analyzed(分析) the nutritional content of the foods, including key vitamins, minerals and fats. While the researchers found little difference in nutritional content, they did find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have chemicals remaining on the surfaces. Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)). And both organic and traditional meats, such as chicken and pork, were equally likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates. The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease. However, these nutritional differences were too small, and the researchers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends. Organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more natural-growing practices, but that doesnt always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product. The U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) states that "whether you buy organic or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste." Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic. 1.What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph mean? A.Organic food helps you save money. B.Organic food contains much more nutrients. C.Organic food is worth the high price. D.Organic food is not always nutritious. 2.Smith-Spangler and her colleagues found that __________. A.organic food could reduce the risk of heart disease B.traditional food was grown with more natural methods C.both organic and traditional food they examined were safe D.there was not a presence of any forms of bacteria in organic food 3.What is the author’s attitude toward organic food? A.Doubtful B.Unconcerned C.Positive D.Supportive 完形填空 8、 When Dave was eighteen,he bought a secondhand car for $ 200 so that he could travel to and from work more 1 than by bus. It worked quite well for a few years, but then itgot soold, andit was costing him 2 much in repairs that he decided that he had better 3 it. He asked among his friends to see if anyone was particularly 4 to buy a cheap car,but they all knew that it was falling to pieces, so 5 of them had any desire to buy it. Daves friend Sam saw that he was 6 when they met one evening,and said,“What’s 7 , Dave?” Dave told him,and Sam answered,"Well,what about advertising it in the paper? You may 8 more for it that way than the cost of the advertisement!" Thinking that Sams 9 was sensible(合理的), he put an advertisement in an evening paper, which read "For sale:small car, 10 very little petrol,only two ounces. Bargain at 50." For two days after the advertisement first appeared, there was no 11 But then on Saturday evening he had an enquiry(詢問). A man rang up and said he would like to 12 himabout the car. “Allright,” Dave said,feeling happy. He asked the man whether ten oclock the nextmorning wouldbe 13 or not. “Fine," the man said,..and I’ll 14 my wife. We intend to go for a ride in it to 15 it." The next morning,at a quarter to ten, Dave parked the car in the square outside his front door, 16 to wait there for the people who had 17 his advertisement. Even Dave had to 18 that the car really looked like a wreck(殘骸). Then,soon after he had got the car as clean 19 it could be,a police car stopped just behind him and a policeman got out. He looked at Daves car and then said,"Have you reported this 20 to us yet, sir?” 1.A.directlyB.safelyC.properlyD.easily 2.A.soB.suchC.veryD.too 3.A.keepB.repairC.sellD.throw 4.A.anxiousB.luckyC.ashamedD.generous 5.A.someB.neitherC.noneD.most 6.A.delightedB.upsetC.calmD.astonished 7.A.onB.upC.itD.that 8.A.learnB.missC.getD.find 9.A.messageB.adviceC.requestD.description 10.A.usesB.losesC.hasD.spends 11.A.doubtB.helpC.troubleD.answer 12.A.tellB.seeC.agreeD.call 13.A.exactB.suitableC.earlyD.late 14.A.followB.meetC.bringD.introduce 15.A.recognizeB.gainC.admireD.test 16.A.happeningB.meaningC.turningD.failing 17.A.readB.insertedC.answeredD.placed 18.A.forgetB.showC.disagreeD.admit 19.A.asB.thatC.soD.such 20.A.bargainB.saleC.accidentD.result 語法填空 9、閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The lion is a special animal to Chinese people. A pair of stone lions, a male and a female, are ①__________( mon) seen in front of the gates of traditional buildings. The lion ②__________( regard) as the king in the animal world so it represents power. The stone lions are also used to indicate the ranks of ③__________(official). It is interesting to note that China had no lions originally. The earliest stone lions were sculpted ④__________the beginning of the Eastern Han dynasty (25一220 AD) with ⑤__________introduction of Buddhism to ancient China. In the Buddhist faith, the lion,⑥__________can protect the truth and keep off evils, is considered a holy animal of nobleness and dignity. In Chinese folk tales,the lion has bee a symbol of ⑦_(dá)_________(brave), power and good luck. It was also popular ⑧__________( decorate) bridges with stone lions for the same reason. The ⑨__________(well) known of this is the Lugou Bridge (also called Marco Polo Bridge),⑩__________(build) from 1189 to 1192. A famous proverb says, “The lions on the Lugou Bridge are countless." 短文改錯(cuò) 10、假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下短文。短文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(∧),并在此符號下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 The other day ,I was on my way back home from school while I found a lime boy crying on the road .I stopped and asked him what is the matter ,and he told me he couldnt find his mom .Luckily ,he remembered his mothers telephone number .So I called him immediately .Ten minute later ,the boy saw his mom and became exciting .His mom was so much thankful that she wanted to buy me a small gift ,and I refused .At that time ,I felt quite happily because I did something really good. To my opinion, the world needs love and we should be willing to help others without expecting any repay .If we wanted repay, as matter of fact, a “thank-you” is enough. 答案以及解析 1答案及解析： 答案：A 解析：method, way,manner, means這四個(gè)詞都有“方法”之意。 method著重指為達(dá)到目的或解決問題而采取的有系統(tǒng)、有步驟的方法,著重指方法的準(zhǔn)確有效,常與介詞with連用;way是普通用語,常指一般方式方法,常與介詞in連用;manner指行為的特殊方式或獨(dú)特的個(gè)人方法,常與介詞in連用;means多指抽象或概括性意義的手段方法常與介詞by連用。 2答案及解析： 答案： B 解析： 本題是一個(gè)定語從句,先行詞是several diverse cultures,在定語從句里使用which指代先行詞作為介詞of的賓語。排除C、D兩項(xiàng),這兩項(xiàng)并不是定語從句。A項(xiàng)在定語從句中作主語的時(shí)候,謂語動(dòng)詞要使用復(fù)數(shù)形式,本題定語從句中的uses說明A項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的。B項(xiàng)中的each作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)形式。句意:英語是一個(gè)被很多不同的文化共同使用的語言,每一種文化使用英語的方法都是不一樣的。故B正確。 3答案及解析： 答案：A 解析：句意:新的研究表明,青少年看電視越多,長大后越有可能得抑郁癥。the more…, the more…越……越……。兩個(gè)the more之后,都是陳述句語序。句中空格后develop是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞,不可直接在前用be動(dòng)詞, 而be to do sth表示可能性,可以指將來。 4答案及解析： 答案： A 解析： 考查介詞短語。句意:—謝天謝地,你很安全?！页笸肆?才及時(shí)避開了飛速駛來的汽車。A及時(shí);B以免;C需要;D徒勞。從語境可知說話人避開了汽車,而in time to do意思為“及時(shí)做某事”,所以A選項(xiàng)正確。 5答案及解析： 答案： B 解析： 句意:他在忙著寫一個(gè)故事,只是偶爾停下來抽支煙。此處應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞-ing形式作伴隨狀語,表示伴隨write的動(dòng)作。A項(xiàng)通常作目的狀語和結(jié)果狀語。 6答案及解析： 答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.C; 4.D 7答案及解析： 答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.A 8答案及解析： 答案：1.D; 2.A; 3.C; 4.A; 5.C; 6.B; 7.B; 8.C; 9.B; 10.A; 11.D; 12.B; 13.B; 14.C; 15.D; 16.B; 17.C; 18.D; 19.A; 20.C 解析：1.easily“容易”。他買車的主要目的是為了上下班方便。 2.so... that... “如此……以致……”,這是一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)。too much不能和that連用,我們經(jīng)常使用too... to結(jié)構(gòu)。 3.根據(jù)上文修理花費(fèi)太多,所以就決定賣掉它,而且下文也是圍繞賣車而展開的。 4.be anxious to do sth.“急著干某事”,戴夫想了解是否有人急著買車,因?yàn)樗胭u掉自己的車。 5.前面已經(jīng)提到it was Ming to pieces"車很快要成碎片”, 所以沒有人愿意買。neither用于兩個(gè)人中沒有一個(gè),所以在這不合適。 6.upset表示“心煩的”。因?yàn)闆]人愿意買車,所以他很心煩。 7.what’s即表示“怎么回事,發(fā)生了什么”。 8.get表示“得到”,在這兒是表示“你將得到的要比廣告花費(fèi)的多”。 9.advice表示“建議”,因?yàn)榍懊嬗幸痪洹皐hat about advertising it in the newspaper?”它就是一種建議“在報(bào)紙上登廣告怎么樣?” 10.use表示“使用”,在這里表示車很省油, lose表示"丟失”;have表示“有”;spend表示“花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、金錢、精力等)”。 11.answer表不“回應(yīng)”,no answer表示廣告登出去以后無人問津。doubt表示“懷疑”;help表示“幫助”;trouble表示“麻煩”,均不合題意。 12.這里表示來看車。 13.suitable表示“合適的”,在這里是問第二天早上10 點(diǎn)鐘是否合適。 14.bring my wife表示把妻子帶來。 15.test“測試”,買車的人將和妻子一道來測試一下車子。recognize“認(rèn)出”;gain"獲得,得到”:admire“欽佩”,均不合題意。 16.mean to do表示“打算做……”,在這兒是指打算等買車的人。 17.answer在這里表示“回應(yīng)”,就趕指那個(gè)看了廣告以后準(zhǔn)備來看車的人。 18.admit“承認(rèn)”,在這里表示他自己也不得不承認(rèn)自己的車看起來太舊了。 19.這里是一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu)“as... as..." 20.accident"事故”。 9答案及解析： 答案：monly; is regarded; officials; at; the; which; bravery; to decorate; best; built 解析： 獅子是動(dòng)物之王,在中國民間被認(rèn)為是勇敢、力量和好運(yùn)的象征。 1.monly考査副詞。句意:人們經(jīng)常會在傳統(tǒng)建筑的門前看到一對石獅子,一雄一雌。設(shè)空處要用副詞修飾謂語動(dòng)詞are seen。 2.is regarded考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意:獅子被認(rèn)為是動(dòng)物之王,因此它代表了力量。此處表示一種現(xiàn)實(shí)情況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);The lion與regard之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式, 所以答案為is regarded。 3.officials考査名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意:石獅子也被用來表明官員的級別。 此處表示“官員”.應(yīng)用名詞。official是可數(shù)名詞,設(shè)空處前沒有修飾限制的詞語,所以要用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 4.at考査介詞。at the beginning of在......開始的時(shí)候. 5.the考查冠詞。特指佛教的傳人,用定冠詞表示特指。 6.which考査定語從句。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,修飾先行詞the lion,關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語,所以要用關(guān)系代詞which。 7.bravery考査詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:在中國民間故事中,獅子成了勇敢、 力量和好運(yùn)的象征。and連接三個(gè)名詞:bravery、power和luck。 8.to decorate考査不定式?！癐t is+adj.+to do sth.”意為“做某事是的”,是固定句式。 9.best考査形容詞最高級。其中最出名的就是盧溝橋.此處要用well known 的最高級 best known。 10.built考査非謂語動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處是非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語,設(shè)空處動(dòng)作與其所修飾的名詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以要用過去分詞形式。 10答案及解析： 答案： The other day ,I was on my way back home from school I found a lime boy crying on the road .I stopped and asked him what the matter ,and he told me he couldnt find his mom .Luckily ,he remembered his mothers telephone number .So I called immediately .Ten later ,the boy saw his mom and became .His mom was so much thankful that she wanted to buy me a small gift , I refused .At that time ,I felt quite because I did something really good. my opinion, the world needs love and we should be willing to help others without expecting any repay .If we wanted repay, as matter of fact, a “thank-you” is enough. 解析： 本文主要講述了作者幫助小孩找媽媽的一次經(jīng)歷。 1. when考查連詞。句意:我正走在放學(xué)回家的路上這時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)一名小男孩在路邊哭。was/were doing sth.---when--,正在做某事,這時(shí)候---,故把while→when。 2. was考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:我停下來,問他怎么了。句子用一般過去時(shí)態(tài),故把is→was 。 3. her考查人稱代詞。句意:我立刻給他媽媽打電話。故把called后的him→her。 4. minutes考查名詞。句意:十分鐘之后,可知名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式,答案為minute→minutes。75. excited考查形容詞。句意:男孩見到他的媽媽感到很興奮。修飾人,表示“感到...”用帶ed的形容詞。故把exciting→excited。 6. mu\ch考查副詞。句意:他的媽媽很感激,想送給我禮物。much不能修飾形容詞,故把so后的much去掉。 7. but考查連詞。句意:她想給我買一個(gè)小禮物,但是我拒絕了。故把I refused前的and→but。 8. happy考查形容詞。句意:我感到非常高興。形容詞作表語,故把 happily→happy。 9. In考查固定搭配。句意:依我之見,這個(gè)世界需要愛,我們都應(yīng)不計(jì)回報(bào)的幫助別人。固定搭配:in ones opinion以某人看來,故把 To→In。注意大寫開頭。 10. a考查固定短語。句意:如果想要回報(bào),一句“謝謝”就足夠了。固定詞組:as a matter of fact 事實(shí)上,故在matter前加a。 【點(diǎn)評】通讀全文并翻譯,找出時(shí)態(tài)、連接詞和人稱代詞的錯(cuò)誤,然后再逐句找錯(cuò),從名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、冠詞。非謂語動(dòng)詞、從句、固定詞組等方面考慮錯(cuò)誤。最后再核查答案。