(完整版)2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習閱讀理解主旨大意題專練二文章大意類

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1、2019-2020 年高考英語二輪復(fù)習閱讀理解主旨大意題專練二文章大意類（xx 云南省昆明市高三復(fù)習教學質(zhì)量檢測）Two weeks ago, a 7-year-old girl, Chloe Bridgewater wrote a letter to Google,express ing her in terest in work ing for the tech pany whe n she gets older.“ DearGoogle boss, my name is Chloe and when I am bigger I would like a job with Google，”

2、 she wrote. “ Ialso want to work in a chocolate factory and do swimming in theOlympics. ” The student said she liked puters and had a tablet she played games on. She eve nshowed off a robot game that her dad gave her.It was nt long before Sun dar Pichai, CEOof Google, replied with his own letter on

3、Google website.In a letter dated Feb. 3, Pichai wrote,“ Dear Chloe, Im gladthat you like puters and robots, and hope that you will continue to lear n about tech no logy. I think ifyou keep work ing hard and follow your dreams, you can acplisheveryth ing you set your mind to. I look forward to receiv

4、i ng your job applicati on whe n you are fini shedwith school!”Her father, Andy Bridgewater told ABC News he was pletely shocked that his daughter received areply. But he was nt surprised that she decided to write the letter in the first place. “ Shes got determin ati on. She does nt see the barrier

5、s that we face every day ，” he explained.“ If she wants to doit, she will set outt o do it and nothing will stop her.”The father remarked that his daughter began jumping up and down after receiving the letter. Still,hes not in a rush to send his eldest daughter off to work. “Now,my daughter is con f

6、ide nt, although she has nt yet fullyun derstood that it will takemore efforts than finishing her study to make it with Google，” he said.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，七歲女孩Chloe Bridgewater 給谷歌 CEO SundarPichai 寫信，沒想到卻收到了Sundar 的回信?！倦y句分析】Now, my daughter is con fide nt, although she has nt yet fullyun derstood that

7、 it will take more efforts tha n fini shi ng her study to make it with Google.分析：該句為主從復(fù)合句，句中 although she has nt yet. with Google 為 although 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，該從句中又含有that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 that it will take. withGoogle。譯文：現(xiàn)在，我的女兒很自信，盡管她還沒有完全理解要在谷歌工作將需要她付出比完 成學業(yè)更多的努力。1.Chloes letter to Pichai shows us that she_.A. exp

8、ects to be one of the Google membersB. has a tale nt for making robotsC. makes up her mind to study hardD. buries herself in puter games解析：A 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段第二句中的when I am bigger I would like ajob withGoogle”可知，她寫信給谷歌CEO 是希望長大后能在谷歌工作，故A 項正確。2.We can know from the text that_.A. the girl wrote the letter

9、to Pichai on February 3B. there are two children in Bridgewaters familyC. Andy did nt expect a reply from Pichai at allD. Google is sure to hire Chloe after her graduation解析：C 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段的第一句Her father, Andy Bridgewater toldABC News he was pletely shocked that his daughter received a reply” 可知， And

10、y對于他的女兒能收到回信很驚訝，據(jù)此可推知，Andy 根本沒有指望會收到谷歌 CEO 的回信，故 C 項正確。3.What is the main idea of the text?A. A 7-year- old girl gets a job with Google.B. CEO of Google responds to a girls letter.C. A father forbids his girl to work for Google.D. Google decides to employ its youngest clerk.解析：B 考查主旨大意。本文主要講述七歲女孩Chl

11、oe Bridgewater 給谷歌 CEO 寫信，希望長大后在谷歌公司工作，沒想到谷歌CEO 給她回了信，鼓勵她努力學習，實現(xiàn)夢想。故選 B 項。B（xx 湖北省七市（州）教科研協(xié)作體高三聯(lián)合考試）Are you a social media addict? Are you always check ing your smartph one to seehow many “ likes ” youve received for your latest post? Maybe you feel forted bythe sound that some one has sent you a me

12、ssage?Dont worry, youre not alone. We check our phones an average of 150 times aday, and around 30%of the total time spent online is devoted to social media. Some experts now fearthis habit could be damagi ng our men tal health.This is something particularly bothering young adults, according to a st

13、udy from the University ofPittsburgh. It found the more they used social media, the morelikely they were to be depressed （沮喪的）.In tests, those people who checked social media frequentlywere 2.7 times more likely to be depressed pared to those who spent most of their time gen erally surfing the Inter

14、n et, who had just 1.7 times the risk.Someof us certainlyfeel sad when were ignored on social media sites, or whenwe see some one else hav ing a better time tha n us. But depressi on is a more serious condition andclinicalpsychologist, Abigael San, recently told the BBCthat, “Itsa real issue, and it

15、sbeen gettingsignificantlyworse over the last 5 6 years.You can get so hooked that it takes you away from your real relatio nships. ” However, Abigael doesadmit that social media is more likely to worsen pre-existing issues than directly cause them.Other research by the Uni versity of Glasgow found

16、that tee nagers are affectedby the 24-hour dema nds of their social media acco unt s. It found that those with higher levels of emotional in vestme nt in social media, and who use it at ni ght, were more likely to feel depressed and anxious.Despite these warning sig ns, why do some of us con ti nue

17、to keep click ing?Well,I suppose we all want to be liked and we dont want to miss out on a con versatio n thats tak ing place onli ne. But we n eed to know whe n to switch off our virtual （虛擬的）on li ne world and connect with the real world in stead.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了社交媒體上癮的危害及應(yīng)對策略?！倦y句分析】In tests, those p

18、eople who checked social media freque ntly were2.7 times more likely to be depressed pared to those who spent most of their time gen erally surfi ng theIntern et, who had just 1.7 times the risk.分析：本句是一個復(fù)合句。三個who 都引導(dǎo)了定語從句，都在從句中作主語，先行詞都是人。譯文：在測試中，那些經(jīng)常查看社交媒體的人抑郁的可能性是那些通常把大部分時間花 在上網(wǎng)瀏覽的人的 2.7 倍，而這些把大部分時

19、間花在上網(wǎng)瀏覽方面的人只有1.7 倍抑郁的風險。4.Who is more likely to be depressed according to the study?A.People checking social media frequently.B. People surfing the Internet regularly.C.People receiving a few“ likes ” for their posts .D. People longing for more messages.解析：A 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第三段的最后一句In tests, those people

20、 who checked socialmedia freque ntly were 2.7 times more likely to be depressed pared to those who spe nt most of theirtime gen erally surfi ng the Intern et, who had just1.7 times the risk”可知，那些經(jīng)常看社交媒體的人更有可能抑郁。5.Why does the author give a quote from Abigael San in Para. 4?A. To introduce the ing to

21、pic.B. To give a more supporting example.C. To stress the importanee of social media.D. To explain the cause of a social media addict.解析：B 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段和第四段的整體內(nèi)容可推知，第四段中引用心理 學家 Abigael的話是為了佐證全文的觀點，故選B6.Why do people get addicted to social media according to the author?A. Because they have more time a

22、nd money.B. Because the virtual world is much more attractive.C. Because they want to attract more attention.D. Because emoti onal in vestme nt in social media ben efits them.解析： C 考查細節(jié)理解。 根據(jù)最后一段的第二句Well, I suppose we all want to be liked and we dontwant to miss out on a con versati on thats tak ing

23、 place on li ne”可知，人們沉溺于社交媒體不能自拔的原因是希望得到更多的關(guān)注，故選Co7.Whats the passage mainly about?A. Its mon for teenagers to be a social addict.B. Using smartphones does harm to peoples health.C. Its better to stay away from virtual online world.D. Social media addict ion con tributes to depressi on.解析：D 考查主旨大意。文

24、章的第三段點題，再結(jié)合全文的整體內(nèi)容可推知，本文主 要講述的是社交媒體上癮的危害會引起抑郁。干擾項分析：A 項錯在 tee nagers ,文章中提到對社交媒體上癮的主體是you ng adults ;智能手機只是人們接觸社交媒體的一種工具，本文講的社交媒體上癮對人們的危害，故B項錯誤；遠離虛擬世界只是作者提出的一種應(yīng)對社交媒體上癮的建議，不是文章的重點， 故排除 C 項。C（xx 重慶一模）The first potatoes were grown by the Incas of South America, more than 400 years ago. Theirdesce ndant

25、s （ 后代）in Een ador and Chile continue to grow the vegetable as high as 14,000 feet upin the An des Mountains, （Thats higher tha n any other food will grow.） Early Spanish and Englishexplorers shipped potatoes to Europe, and they found their way to North America in the early 1600s.People eat potatoes

26、 in many ways baked, mashed, and roasted, to n ame justthree. However, i n the Un ited States most potatoes are eate n in the form of Frenchfries. One fast-food cha in alone sells more tha n $ 1 billio n worth of fries eachyear. No wonder, then, that the pany pays particularattentionto the way its f

27、riesare prepared.Before any fry makes it to the people who eat at these popular restaura nts, itmust pass many separate tests. Fail any one of these tests and the potato is rejected.To start with, only Russet Burbank potatoes are used. These Idaho potatoes have less water contenttha n other kin ds,

28、which can have as much as 80 perce nt water. Once cut into “shoestrings ” shapes,the potatoes are partly fried in a secret blend of oils, sprayed with liquid sugar to brow n them, steamdried at high heat, the n flash froze n for shipme nt to in dividual restaura nts.Before shipp ing, every shoestri

29、ng is measured. Forty perce nt of a batch mustbe between two and three inches long. Another 40 percent has to be over three inches. What about the20 percent that are left in the batch? Well, a few short fries in a bag are okay, it seems.So, now that you realize the eno rmous size and value of the po

30、tato crop, youcan understand why most people agree that this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes ”.體裁：說明文題材：飲食與健康主題：炸薯條的地位【語篇導(dǎo)讀】 本文介紹了土豆被引進美國的歷史及炸薯條在美國食物產(chǎn)業(yè)中舉足輕重的地位。8.Potatoes in North America came directly from_ .A. ChileB. EuropeC. Ecuador D . the An des Mountains解析：B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第一段最后一句E

31、arly Spanish and English explorersshipped potatoes to Europe, and they found their way to North America in the early1600s.可知，北美最早的土豆來自歐洲。故選B 項。9.Why does the pany pay special attention to the way the fries are prepared?A. Because sell ing fries is a big bus in ess.B. Because fries are not easy to pr

32、epare at all.C. Because America ns are particular about fries.D. Because the government has a strict rule for that.解析：A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的One fast-food chain al one sells more than $ 1billi on worth of fries each year. No won der, the n, that the pany pays particular atte ntion to the way itsfries are pre

33、pared.可知，在美國，炸薯條是個很大的行業(yè)，所以會被特殊關(guān)注。故選A 項。10. In the last paragraph, the writer mainly wants to say_ .A.small potatoes cannot be used for friesB.potatoes are really importa nt for America nsC. eating in America is the very first thingD. fries are really important for food industry解析：D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的內(nèi)容t

34、his part of the food industry is no“small potatoes ”可知，在美國，炸薯條在食品產(chǎn)業(yè)中不是小土豆”（無足輕重的東西）， 由此可推測，炸薯條在食品產(chǎn)業(yè)占有重要的地位。故選D 項。測訓診斷：本題考生易誤選 B 項，本文首先介紹了土豆被引入美國，且炸薯條帶來了強大商業(yè)利潤，但在最后一段中，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息realize the enormous size and value of thepotato crop 及 this part of the food industry is no“small potatoes ”可知，本段重點強調(diào)炸薯條在食品產(chǎn)業(yè)中

35、的重要地位，而不是土豆對美國人的重要性，故排除B 項。11. What is the main idea of this passage?A.The average American eats 50 pounds of potatoes a year.B.French fries are made from potatoes.C. Potatoes are a key vegetable in America.D. The various terms for potatoes have a long history.解析：C 主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，在美國，土豆可以有多種吃法，尤其是炸薯

36、 條，深受人們的歡迎，也因此帶來了強大的商業(yè)利潤，在食品產(chǎn)業(yè)中占有重要地位。因此， 本文的主旨是，在美國土豆是很重要的蔬菜。故選C 項。2019-2020 年高考英語二輪復(fù)習閱讀理解推理判斷題專練一細節(jié)推斷類（xx 云南省昆明市高三復(fù)習教學質(zhì)量檢測）The Masai are a people who are con sta ntly trying to preserve their own ways in an increasinglymodern world. They live along the border of Kenya and Tanzania, moving their ho

37、mes from time to timeto follow their cattle, the source of their livi ng.The Masai have bee known as a people of fighters,protectingtheir cattleagainstlions and other enemies. Only men are fighters. They wear long hair, which is colored red with clay.They can have more tha n one wife. Wome n build a

38、nd take care of the home, fixing food and makingclothing.Womenand childrenkeep their heads shaved.Wome n can also bee elders,_ once they have give n birth to four healthy childre n.The Masai depend on their cattle for many parts of their life. They drink cows milk and blood assacred drin ks. They us

39、e the cows waste to cover and seal their homes. They dont kill their cattle forfood, but if a cow is killed, then the horns （角） are used for containers; the hides are used to make shoes,clothing,ropes andbed coverings; and the bones are made into decorations.The more cattle a man owns, the richer he

40、 is considered to be. A man who owns50 or fewer cattle is considered poor. Arich ” man has a thousand or more. Thecattle, though owned by the man, are considered to belong to the mans entire family. The family n amesthe cattle and can recog nize each ani mals unique voice.Masai houses are madefrom s

41、ticks and grass, but they are meant to be temporary, since the moveof their cattle means that the Masai move as well.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了馬賽人的情況。【難句分析】 The Masai are a people who are constantly trying to preserve their own ways in anin creas in gly moder n world.分析： 該句為主從復(fù)合句，句中who are constantly trying

42、 to preserve their ownways in an increasingly modern world為 who 弓丨導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞 people。譯文：馬賽族是一個在越來越現(xiàn)代化的社會中持續(xù)努力保持他們自己的生活方式的民 族。1. What is Masai womens daily work at home?A. They protect the cattle from being hunted.B. They give birth to babies and bring them up.C. They look after as well as naming th

43、eir cattle.D. They mainly deal with various housework.解析：D 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段的第五句Women build and take care of the home, fixi ng foodand mak ing cloth ing”可知，馬賽族的婦女在家看護房子，準備飯菜并且做衣服；據(jù)此可知，馬賽族的婦女日常主要負責家務(wù)活；故D 項正確。2. When do the Masai move from one place to another?A. They move when they have over a thousand ca

44、ttle.B. They move once there are 4 children in the family.C. They move when their cattle need new food sources.D. They move after their houses are not strong eno ugh.解析： C 考查推理判斷。 根據(jù)第一段第二句中的moving their homes from time to time to follow theircattle, the source of their liv ing” 并結(jié)合最后一段可知，馬賽人跟著他們的牛而遷

45、移，由此可以判斷，當牛需要新的食物來源時，馬賽人就會遷移。故C 項正確。3.What does the underlined word“elders ” inParagraph 2 mean?A. Aged citizens.B . Respected people.C. Brave fighters. D . Wealthy hostesses.解析： B 考查詞義猜測。 根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的once they have give n birth to four healthy children”可以判斷，如果女子能生育四個健康的孩子，則她將成為人們尊敬的人。畫線詞意為“令人尊敬的人”，故

46、B 項正確。干擾項分析：A 項意為“老年市民”，C 項意為“勇敢的戰(zhàn)斗者”，D 項意為“富裕的女主人”，都與語境不符。4.It can be inferred from the text that_.A. the Masai raise the cattle mainly for their meatB. lions are the primary enemies of the MasaiC.the Masai are living a life in a modern wayD. the total of the Masais cattle decides their status解析：D

47、考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段的第一句“ The more cattle a man owns, the richer he is considered to be”可知，一個人擁有的牛越多，他就被認為越富有，據(jù)此可以判斷，馬賽人擁有的牛的數(shù)量決定了他們的社會地位，故D 項正確。干擾項分析：根據(jù)第三段第四句中的“ They do nt, kill their cattle for food”可知，他們不會因為要吃肉而殺牛，故 A 項與文意相反；根據(jù)第二段的第一句可知，B 項錯誤;根據(jù)第一段的第一句“ The Masai are a people who are constantly trying t

48、o preserve their own ways inan in creas in gly moder n world”可知，馬賽人在越來越現(xiàn)代化的社會中持續(xù)努力保持他們自己的生活方式，故C 項與文意相反。B（xx 河南洛陽高三第一次統(tǒng)考）All over the world mothers and fathers teach their childre n mann ers. Otherchildre n may have manners that are not like yours. There are all kinds of mann ers.Many years ago, chi

49、ldren who had good manners were seen and not heard. They kept quite quietif grow n-ups were talk ing. Today, well-ma nn ered childre n have more freedom.Sometimes good manners in one place are bad manners in other places. Supposeyou are a visitor in the land of Mongolia. Some friends ask you to eat

50、with them.What kind of manners do they want you to have? They want you to give a loud“ burp（打嗝）” after you fin ish eating. Burping would show that you like your food. Insome countries, if you give a loud burp, you are told to say “ Excuse me, please. ”In many places people like to eat together. But

51、in some parts of Polyn esia it isbad manners to be seen eating at all. People show good manners by turning their backs on others whilethey eat. What are manners like in an East African town? The people try not to see you. They are beingpolite. You may see a friend. He may not see youat all. If you a

52、re polite, you will sit dow n beside him. You will wait un til hefinishes what he is doing. Then he will talk to you. Suppose you visit a friend inArabia. You should walk behind the other tents until you e to his tent. If you pass in front of the other tents, you will be asked into each one. The peo

53、ple will askyou to eat with them. And it is bad manners if you say no.Manners are differentall over the world. But it is good to know that all mannersbegin in the same way. People need ways to show that they want to be friends.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了世界上一些地方的禮儀。5.How did polite children behave?A. By looking in

54、to adults eyes while talking.B.By keeping silent while adults were talking.C. By slipping into the house without being heard.D.By not opening their mouths until spoken to.解析：B 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段的第二句They kept quite quiet if grown-ups were talk ing ”可知，過去，在大人們說話時，兒童保持沉默是一種禮貌的行為。干擾項分析：A 項錯在在談話時，看著大人的眼睛，文章中并沒

55、有提到；C 項錯在在不被聽到的情況下悄悄溜進屋里，文章中也沒有提到；D 項錯在直到有人跟自己說話才開口說話，故排除。6.Which custom should we follow in order to look well-mannered?A.Saying “ Excuse me” on burping in Mongolia.B. Inviting guests to dinner together in Polynesia.C. Talking with a friend before he pletes things in East Africa.D.Accepting an eati

56、ng invitation in Arabia.解析：D 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段的最后兩句The people will ask you to eat with 貌的行為。干擾項分析：在 Mongolia 飯后打嗝是一種禮貌的行為，說明你喜歡對方提供的食物；根據(jù)第三段的But in some parts of Polynesia it is bad manners to be seen eatingat all ”可知，在 Polynesia，邀請客人一起吃飯是不禮貌的行為，故B 項錯誤；根據(jù)第三段的You will wait un til he fini shes what he is d

57、oi ng”可知，在東非，靜靜地坐在朋友身旁并等他忙完是禮貌的做法，故排除C 項。7.What can we infer from the text?A. Hear much, speak little.B. Love me, love my dog.C. When in Rome do as the Roma ns do.D. Do what you ought to and e what can.解析：C 考查推理判斷。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容尤其是最后一段的第一句Manners arediffere ntall over the world ”可推知，禮儀因地域而各有不同，因此最好的做法是入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。

58、C（xx 江西名校聯(lián)盟 5 月檢測）Biologist Robert Pitman and his colleagues tracked orcas, or killer whales, and humpback whalesoff the coast of Western Australia. To research further,thescientistsattached a tracker to a female orca, which allowed them to use satellitesto monitor her movements. They followed her f

59、or six days. During time, the orca attacked eight younghumpback whales. During the seven attacks, the orca killed the humpback whale calf （ 幼獸）on threeoccasi ons.But the story does nt end there. Humpback whales themselves are popularly thought to be largebut gen erally, passive creatures. Pitma ns s

60、tudy findings may let people think otherwise.When chased by orcas, humpback whales are known to try to outswim orcas. Theyare thought to do this at high speed so that the orcas cant keep up. On some occasions, the humpbackwhales sought out protection. They swamto shallow water, nearby reefs, or even

61、 un der the researchersboats. These ways ofte n reduced the attack. But at other times, the humpback whales decided to stayand fight.As the orcas approached, the mother humpback would sometimes move her calf to her side, or liftit out of the water using her head or flippers. She also blew huge breat

62、hs of air to disturb the orcas, andlun ged or charged at them, slash ing （劈）and slapping her tail and flippers. Perhaps most surprisingly, humpback whales alsothem. And it is bad manners if you say no可知，接受阿拉伯人一起吃飯的邀請是禮have adult“escorts （護衛(wèi)隊）” that try to protect calves that are nottheir own,joining

63、 the mother in defending the smaller whale. These escort whales either charged at the orcas, orplaced themselves between the attackers and calves, slashing their tails and flippers.Despite the efforts of the mother whales and escorts, the orcas were more often tha n notsuccessful in their attacks. B

64、ut the prese nee of the escorts did reduce how many times a whale calf waskilled.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是科學家使用科學儀器來觀察殺人鯨是如何追殺駝背鯨及后者是如何反擊和保護幼小的駝背鯨的。【難句分析】To research further, the scientists attached a tracker to a femaleorca, which allowed them to use satellites to mon itor her moveme nts.分析：本句為復(fù)合句。主句為 T

65、o research further, the scientists attached a tracker to a femaleorca。which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞tracker。譯文：為了作進一步的研究，科學家把一個追蹤器固定在一頭母殺人鯨上，該追蹤器使得科學家能夠使用衛(wèi)星來監(jiān)控母殺人鯨的活動。8.Whats the purpose of the scientists further research?A. To keep a record of whalesliving habits.B. To observe orcas hunting humpback whales

66、.C. To see what life-or-death battles whales may face.D. To find out the techniques orcas use when hunting.解析：B 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第一段中的To research further. to usesatellites to monitor her movements. They followed her for six days. During that time, the orca attackedeight young humpback whales.”可知，科學家進行進一步研究的目的是觀察殺人鯨追殺駝背鯨的活動。故選Bo9.Why did the humpback whales swim to shallow water?A. To avoid being attacked.B. To hunt for food.C. To protect their young.D. To trick the chasers.解析：A 考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第三段中的On some